mommabearroar fundamentals acid-base NCLEX

Blow off carbon dioxide, Correct metabolic acidosis, Correct an acid-base imbalance, Cause respiratory compensation

The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis whose respirations are abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate. What is the purpose of this type of respiration? Select all that apply

Stroke, Pneumonia, Sleep apnea, Myasthenia gravis, Opioid analgesics, sedatives, anesthetics

The nurse is caring for a client with respiratory failure related to Guillain-Barré syndrome. The nurse plans care knowing that what other extrapulmonary causes can lead to respiratory failure? Select all that apply

Respiratory acidosis from inadequate ventilation

The nurse is caring for a client with several broken ribs. The client is most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance?

Continue monitoring the client.

The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas analysis results for a client in the respiratory care unit who is receiving nasal oxygen and notes a pH of 7.38 (7.38), Paco2 of 38 mm Hg (38 mm Hg), Pao2 of 86 mm Hg (86 mm Hg), and HCO3 of 23 mEq/L (23 mmol/L). What action should the nurse take in response to these results?

Nausea, Confusion, Tachycardia, Lightheadedness,

The nurse notes that a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results reveal a pH of 7.50 and a Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg). The nurse monitors the client for which clinical manifestations associated with these ABG results? Select all that apply.

Respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated

The nurse reviews a client's arterial blood gas values and notes a pH of 7.50 (7.50), a Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and an HCO3 of 25 mEq/L (25 mmol/L). The nurse should interpret these values as an indication of which condition?

Respiratory alkalosis, compensated

The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following: pH 7.45, Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and HCO3- of 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L). The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition?

Respiratory acidosis

The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of an assigned client and notes that the laboratory report indicates a pH of 7.30 (7.30), a Paco2 of 58 mm Hg (58 mm Hg), a Pao2 of 80 mm Hg (80 mm Hg), and an HCO3 of 26 mEq/L (26 mmol/L). The nurse should interpret this to mean that the client has which acid-base disturbance?

pH 7.25, Paco2 50 mm Hg (50 mm Hg)

The nurse reviews the blood gas results of a client with atelectasis. The nurse analyzes the results and determines that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which result validates the nurse's findings?

Decreased respiratory rate and depth

A client has been diagnosed with metabolic alkalosis as a result of excessive antacid use. The nurse monitoring this client should expect to note which signs/symptoms?

"This test is done to ensure adequate collateral circulation."

A client is about to have arterial blood gases drawn, and the nurse explains what an Allen's test is. What comment shows that the client understands the nurse's explanation?

Headache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

A client is admitted to the hospital 24 hours following an aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) overdose. The nurse assesses this client for which signs/symptoms indicating the acid-base disturbance that could occur in the client?

Potassium

A client is being treated for metabolic acidosis with medication therapy and other measures. The nurse should plan to monitor the results of which electrolyte, which could dramatically decline with effective treatment of the acidosis?

Hypokalemia

A client is determined by blood gas analysis to be in respiratory alkalosis. Which electrolyte disorder should the nurse monitor for that could accompany the acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory acidosis without compensation

A client who is found unresponsive has arterial blood gases drawn and the results indicate the following: pH is 7.12, Paco2 is 90 mm Hg (90 mm Hg), and HCO3- is 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L). The nurse interprets the results as indicating which condition?

An increased pH and an increased HCO3-

A client with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting presents to the emergency department. The client is hypoventilating and has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/minute. The electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor displays tachycardia, with a heart rate of 120 beats/minute. Arterial blood gases are drawn and the nurse reviews the results, expecting to note which finding?

Encouraging the client to breathe slowly and shallowly

A client with a chronic airflow limitation is experiencing respiratory acidosis as a complication. The nurse who is trying to enhance the client's respiratory status should avoid which action?

Headache, restlessness, and confusion

A client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse should assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder?

Metabolic acidosis

A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 644 mg/dL (35.7 mmol/L). The nurse plans care knowing that the client is at risk for the development of which type of acid-base imbalance?

Metabolic acidosis

A client with diabetes mellitus is most likely to experience which type of acid-base imbalance as a complication of the disorder

Lethargy, Headache, Weakness, Confusion

A client's blood gas results reveal acidosis. What are some signs and symptoms the nurse would expect to see? Select all that apply.

Lightheadedness and paresthesias

An anxious preoperative client is at risk for developing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse should assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder?

Respiratory alkalosis

Arterial blood gas analysis yields the following results: pH 7.48 (7.48), Paco2 32 mm Hg (32 mm Hg), Pao2 94 mm Hg (94 mm Hg), HCO3 level 24 mEq/L (24 mmol/L) for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse interprets that the client has which acid-base disturbance?

Metabolic alkalosis

The client tells the nurse that he ingests large amounts of oral antacids on a daily basis. The nurse plans care knowing that the excessive use of oral antacids containing bicarbonate can result in which acid-base disturbance?

"Do you have a headache or become confused?"

The client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse asks this client about which

Respiratory acidosis

The nurse is admitting to the hospital a client with a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The nurse knows that if the disease is severe enough, the client will be at risk for which acid-base imbalance?

The client is probably hyperventilating.

The nurse is caring for a client having respiratory distress related to an anxiety attack. Recent arterial blood gas values are pH = 7.53, Pao2 = 72 mm Hg (72 mm Hg), Paco2 = 32 mmHg (32 mm Hg), and HCO3- = 28 mEq/L (28 mmol/L). Which conclusion about the client should the nurse make?

Seizure precautions

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing metabolic alkalosis. Knowing the risks of this imbalance, the nurse plans to protect the client's safety by carefully implementing which prescribed precaution?

Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L)

The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg). The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which laboratory value would most likely be noted in this condition?

Drowsiness, headache, and tachypnea

The nurse is caring for a client who overdosed on acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) 24 hours ago. The nurse should expect to note which findings associated with an anticipated acid-base disturbance?

Tetany, Tingling, Numbness, Restlessness

The nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results reveal alkalosis. What client reactions would the nurse expect to see? Select all that apply.

Metabolic alkalosis

The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client for manifestations of which disorder that the client is at risk for?

Respirations that are increased in rate, Respirations that are abnormally deep

The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that the client is experiencing Kussmaul's respirations. Which patterns did the nurse observe? Select all that apply

Cardiac, Nervous, Neuromuscular

The nurse is caring for a client with metabolic alkalosis. The nurse plans care knowing that most problems of metabolic alkalosis are related to increased stimulation of what systems? Select all that apply

respiratory acidosis, uncompensated

blood gas results: 7.3, PaCO2 52 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq/L. which condition is present?

respiratory acidosis

pH 7.31, PaCO2 50mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. Which acid base disturbance is present?