MRA Imaging mriquiz

26: Phase contrast MRA techniques produce images in which the signal intensity within the vessel is dependent upon the: A. Field of view selected B. The T1 time of the tissue C. Velocity of the flowing blood D. Larmor frequency of arterial versus venous blood

C. Velocity of the flowing blood

32: Contrast enhanced MRA differs from TOF (time of flight) MRA because: A. Image contrast does not depend on the inflow phenomenon B. Image contrast relies upon T1 shortening of blood following contrast injection C. Timing the start of the sequence relative to the bolus injection is critical D. All of the above

D. All of the above

7: A disease that is characterized by narrowing of the aorta is called an _____________. A. Aortic stenosis B. Aortic aneurysm C. Aortic dissection D. Aortic coarctation

D. Aortic coarctation

39: Blood flow velocities are greater: A. In a 3D time of flight sequence B. Farther away from the heart C. Along the vessel wall D. At the center of a vessel

D. At the center of a vessel

17: An extracranial MRA exam is defined as an MRA of the ____________? A. Circle of willis B. Iliac bifurcation C. Renal arteries D. Carotid arteries

D. Carotid arteries

22: ________ is defined as an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, usually congenital. A. An aneurysm B. A blood clot C. An AVM D. A dissection

C. An AVM

12: The first major branch of the abdominal aorta is the _______. A. Superior mesenteric artery B. Inferior mesenteric artery C. Celiac artery D. Renal artery

C. Celiac artery

31: Which of the following MR angiography techniques has a scan time short enough to complete an abdominal study in a single breath hold? A. Time of flight B. Phase contrast C. Contrast enhanced D. Spectroscopy

C. Contrast enhanced

40: The __________ supplies blood to the face. A. Iliac artery B. Internal carotid artery C. External carotid artery D. Vertebro-basilar artery

C. External carotid artery

20: An aortic arch root aneurysm is located: A. In the external iliac artery B. Directly proximal to the common carotid bifurcation C. In the ascending segment of the thoracic aorta D. Proximal to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta

C. In the ascending segment of the thoracic aorta

2: The common iliac veins join to form the: A. Abdominal aorta B. Subclavian vein C. Inferior vena cava D. Superior vena cava

C. Inferior vena cava

8: In order to obtain a time of flight MRA of the IVC a presaturation band would be placed: A. Anterior B. Posterior C. Superior D. Inferior

C. Superior

19: In order to acquire an extracranial time-of-flight arterial MRA, a presaturation pulse would be applied in which location to saturate unwanted blood flow? A. Superior to slice group, inferior to cardiac margin B. Inferior to slice group, inferior to brain stem C. Superior to slice group, superior to brain stem D. Inferior to slice group, proximal to carotid bifurcation

C. Superior to slice group, superior to brain stem

21: When imaging a geriatric patient, while performing a PCA MRA sequence, what imaging parameter might the operator adjust? A. Slice thickness B. Presaturation band location C. VENC D. Power injector timing

C. VENC

16: An intracranial MRA is defined as an MRA of the___________? A. Circle of willis B. Iliac bifurcation C. Renal arteries D. Carotid arteries

A. Circle of willis

9: In time-of-flight (TOF) imaging, areas of signal void can be seen on the image due to: I. Turbulent flow II. Vortex flow III. Laminar flow A. I and II only B. II and III only C. I only D. II only E. I, II and III

A. I and II only

37: To create a projection image in MRA, the technique most commonly used is: A. MIP B. MPR C. ADC D. DIEP

A. MIP

27: The MRA technique that relies on velocity induced phase shifts to distinguish between moving and stationary protons is: A. Phase contrast B. CE-MRA C. Time of flight D. Time resolved

A. Phase contrast

14: When utilizing time-of-flight (TOF) MRA to evaluate peripheral vascular flow, such as arterial blood flow in the legs, presaturation pulses are: A. Positioned inferior to the slice group B. Positioned posterior to the dorsalis pedis C. Positioned superior to the slice group D. Not utilized

A. Positioned inferior to the slice group

5: All of the following arise from the aorta EXCEPT? A. Right vertebral artery B. Left subclavian artery C. Left common carotid artery D. Brachiocephalic artery

A. Right vertebral artery

6: What is the second branch of the abdominal aorta? A. Superior mesenteric artery B. Inferior mesenteric artery C. Celiac artery D. Renal artery

A. Superior mesenteric artery

41: In order to acquire an intracranial arterial blood flow sequence , a presaturation pulse would be applied in which location? A. Superior to slice group B. Inferior to slice group C. Anterior brain D. Below the heart

A. Superior to slice group

A major advantage of a 3D time of flight over a 2D time of flight sequence is the ability to: A. Visualize smaller vessels B. Shorten the image time by two-thirds C. Reduce the signal from stationary background tissue D. Determine and measure blood flow velocities

A. Visualize smaller vessels

11: The optimal technique to visualize the circle of willis would be: A. 2D TOF B. 3D TOF C. 2D PCA D. 3D PCA

B. 3D TOF

25: A 2D TOF MRA sequence would be selected to cover _________. A. A small localized region of interest B. A large area of vascular coverage C. Only the common carotid bifurcation D. The ducts of the biliary tree

B. A large area of vascular coverage

36: In time-of-flight (TOF) imaging targeted to the subclavian arteries, the two best imaging planes would be: A. Axial and coronal B. Axial and sagittal C. Sagittal and coronal D. Cancel the patient, these don't come out

B. Axial and sagittal

23: The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid artery at the level of the: A. C1-2 disc space B. C3-4 disc space C. C6-7 disc space D. T2-3 disc space

B. C3-4 disc space

29: The common carotid artery bifurcates into the internal and external carotid at the level of C5-6. A. True B. False

B. False

34: MR angiography uses which kind of pulse sequence? A. Spin echo B. Gradient echo C. Inversion recovery D. T2 fat suppression

B. Gradient echo

18: A major advantage of a 2D time of flight over a 3D time of flight sequence is the ability to: A. Determine the precise, accurate percentage of stenosis B. Image larger areas without saturation of flowing blood C. Better image retrograde flow D. Complete image acquisition in twice the time

B. Image larger areas without saturation of flowing blood

3: In order to acquire an intracranial venogram, a MR angiographic sequence would have a presaturation pulse applied in which location? A. Superior to slice group B. Inferior to slice group C. Anterior brain D. Posterior brain

B. Inferior to slice group

10: The ___________ supplies blood to the anterior brain. A. Iliac artery B. Internal carotid artery C. External carotid artery D. Vertebro-basilar artery

B. Internal carotid artery

24: The degree of stenosis ___________ with time-of-flight MRA. A. Will always be underestimated B. May be overestimated C. Will always be accurately depicted D. Cannot be visualized

B. May be overestimated

33: A disadvantage of TOF MRA is high signal in some background tissues. To minimize signal from background tissues, TE should be selected that enable the signals from fat and water to be: A. In phase B. Out of phase C. Presaturated D. Metabolite detected

B. Out of phase

4: In a contrast enhanced MR angiography of the abdominal arteries, the IV gadolinium would enhance in which order? A. Inferior mesenteric, superior mesenteric, renal, celiac B. Superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, celiac, renal C. Celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, renal D. Celiac, superior mesenteric, renal, inferior mesenteric

D. Celiac, superior mesenteric, renal, inferior mesenteric

1: The __________ of blood is responsible for the bright blood signal in time of flight MR angiography. A. Long T1 relaxation time B. Short T2 relaxation time C. Density D. Flow

D. Flow

30: Flow before an area of stenosis is defined as: A. Spiral flow B. Turbulent flow C. Vortex flow D. Laminar flow

D. Laminar flow

13: The major bifurcation of the abdominal aorta is the: A. Carotid arteries B. Right and left femoral arteries C. Right and left hepatic arteries D. Right and left iliac arteries

D. Right and left iliac arteries

15: The vertebral arteries originate from the ____________. A. Aortic arch B. Abdominal aorta C. Basilar artery D. Right and left subclavian arteries

D. Right and left subclavian arteries

38: The ___________ supplies blood to the posterior brain. A. Iliac artery B. Internal carotid artery C. External carotid artery D. Vertebro-basilar artery

D. Vertebro-basilar artery