MS ch 8 questions

the patient is having diarrhea secondary to radiation therapy of the pelvic area. which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional teaching about the diarrhea?

"I will cleanse the rectal area and apply petroleum jelly"

a patient is scheduled for bone marrow biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of leukemia. As the nurse reinforces provider instructions regarding the procedure, an appropriate nursing statement regarding bone marrow biopsy would be:

"It introduces a needle to aspirate tissue samples"

A patient who has been prescribed an antineoplastic drug for his newly diagnosed cancer asks the nurse what the most common side effect is for these drugs. What is the nurse's most accurate response?

"Most of these drugs cause some degree of bone-marrow depression."

A patient is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan. To prepare the patient appropriately, the nurse should provide the patient with which information?

"The test is noninvasive."

A patient who is in the terminal stages of his illness says to the LPN/LVN, "Get out of here! You do everything so slowly. Leave me alone!" Which of these responses by the nurse is most appropriate?

"You sound very angry today."

The patient is newly diagnosed with cancer and faces enormous stress. which response by the nurse would be the most useful in helping the patient cope?

"tell me what the health care provider told you and maybe i can help to clarify things"

which statement by the family indicates an understanding of palliative care?

"we should encourage water and other nourishment as much as possible"

There are many risk factors for different cancers, but there are some commonalities that are risks for all cancers. Some facts about all cancers are(select all)

1. all cancers are genetic 2. although cancer can strike at any age, older people are more susceptible 3. nutritional factors can account for up to 30% of cancers

A 40 year old woman is scheduled for external radiation therapy for breast cancer. To help the patient cope with her illness and the effects of radiation therapy, what should the nurse help her to focus on?(select all)

1. complying with scheduled radiation therapies 2. protecting the skin by applying lotion 3. understanding the therapeutic effects and side effects of the treatment

a terminally ill female patient reminiscing about the "good old days" becomes increasingly confused. she talks of seeing relatives who died. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate? (select all)

1. discuss the patients behaviors with the family 2. force oral fluids 3.promote a calm environment

having an intrinsic risk factor for cancer means a person (select all)

1. has a risk factor which is "built in" and cannot be altered such as age, sex, or racial group 2. carries a gene that could develop into cancer 3. maintains a lifestyle conductive to catching a cancer virus

There are several steps that may be taken as a cancer preventive measure. Some of these are (select all)

1. lose weight 2. limit red meat intake 3. limit alcohol consumption

The nurse reinforces patient instructions regarding neutropenic precautions. Important topics should include which of the following? (select all)

1.pregnancy 2.diet restrictions 3. hand hygiene

21. The student nurse demonstrates an understanding of cancer risk factors by identifying which patient as being at the highest risk for developing colorectal cancer?

29-year-old male who has had Crohns disease since the age of 13

4. In assessing several patients in the outpatient clinic, the nurse identifies the patient who is at the greatest risk for cancer as the:

45-year-old farmer from Texas who has worked on his familys cotton farm since the age of 12.

A patient is receiving hormone therapy for treatment of prostate cancer. The nurse should inform the patient that he is likely to experience which effect?

Breast development

A patient has recently been diagnosed with cancer. What is the best initial nursing intervention for this patient?

Encourage the patient to verbalize feelings and fears

Major measures to help prevent cancer in patients should be taught by the nurse at every given opportunity. What are those things that should be taught to patients about the prevention of cancer?

Maintain a normal weight. Abstain from nitrite and nitrate food additives. Have your drinking water supply checked for contaminants.

23. The wife of a terminally ill cancer patient who is receiving palliative care asks the hospice nurse how her husbands pain will be controlled as he nears death. The nurses best response is:

Most of the time we can manage the pain with oral morphine and transdermal pain medication.

A patient who is near death has the following nursing diagnosis—Impaired gas exchange related to fluid in the lungs. Which intervention is most appropriate?

Place the patient in the Fowler position.

17. The 32-year-old mother who is undergoing radiation from a sealed-source modality and has been isolated in a private room for 3 days is preparing to be visited by her 8-year-old twins. The nurse should include what in the preparations?

Put chairs in the hall for long-distance visitation.

22. Which patient statement indicates understanding of patient teaching regarding cancer diagnostic exams?

The doctor will monitor my ovarian cancer remission with the CA-125 test.

A patient undergoes chemotherapy and loses her hair. Which of these findings is most indicative that the patient has satisfactorily adjusted to her alopecia?

The patient uses humor about her hair loss.

your patient will begin chemotherapy next week. Based on the understanding of the effects of chemotherapy, what patient education would be appropriate?

advise the patient to use good birth control methods, because most chemotherapeutic agents are teratogenic.

1. The 40-year-old female who was diagnosed with a benign growth in her colon is concerned about the growth spreading. The nurse can allay her anxiety by explaining that benign neoplasms:

are surrounded by fibrous tissue that prevents spread.

25. The classifications of malignant neoplasms are: (Select all that apply.)

carcinomas. lymphomas. sarcomas.

Promoters are substances that:

cause cancer cells to grow faster.

when assessing for the side effect of bone marrow depression from chemotherapy, the nurse would:(select all)

check for CBC lab results assess for signs of infection check for hearing loss

15. The patient on radiation therapy has developed diarrhea. The nurse suggests foods that would decrease diarrhea, such as:

cheese and crackers.

7. The nurse outlines a diet that would be helpful in the prevention of cancer. This diet includes:

citrus fruits.

when evaluating the patients response to chemotherapy, which assessment finding is the greatest immediate concern?

constipation and straining

24. The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate the characteristics of a malignant neoplasm, which are: (Select all that apply.)

disorganization. altered DNA. invasion of nearby organs. travel through body fluid.

5. The nurse recognizes a promoter that, although not a carcinogen itself, allows cancer to occur faster in the patient that:

drinks heavily.

20. The family becomes distressed when the dying 85-year-old patient becomes delirious and laughs and talks with old friends who have long since died. The nurses best intervention would be to:

encourage a family member to talk to the patient calmly.

14. The nurse instructs a patient who is on a biologic response modifier (BMR) colony-stimulating drug that the effect of this type of drug is to:

enhance recovery of bone marrow.

A patient is scheduled to receive external radiation therapy. Which potential side effects should the nurse include in patient teaching points?

fatigue loss of taste skin reaction at site of exposure

13. The nurse includes in the instructions to a 50-year-old male patient taking estrogens as treatment of prostate cancer that he may develop:

gynecomastia.

9. The nurse reminds the 40-year-old female patient that the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommendations for early detection of cancer include that she should:

have a mammogram done every year.

29. The nurse cautions that stress over a long period of time can contribute to the risk for cancer as prolonged stress suppresses the ____________.

immune system

A patient who recently had chemotherapy for lung cancer complains of uncontrollable nausea and vomiting with accompanying loss of appetite. An appropriate problem statement would be:

inadequate nutrition

28. The biologic response modifier drugs include: (Select all that apply.)

interleukins. colony-stimulating factors. monoclonal antibodies. gene therapies.

before chemotherapy, a female patient expresses concerns regarding hair loss. she says that her partner will no longer lover her because she will not be as attractive. An appropriate nursing problem statement would be:

lack of power over effects of chemotherapy

3. The nurse recognizes the staging T3, N2, M2 of the patients cancer to mean that there is a:

large tumor with extensive lymph node involvement.

6. The x-ray technician wears a badge that is monitored frequently to measure the amount of radiation he has absorbed. Such occupational exposure to radiation frequently results in a specific cancer, which is:

leukemia.

27. The nurse explains that viruses are responsible for some specific cancers, such as: (Select all that apply.)

liver cancer from hepatitis B virus. Burkitts lymphoma from Epstein-Barr virus. cervical cancer from human papillomavirus. Kaposi sarcoma from human immunodeficiency virus.

There are two types of tumors: benign and malignant. A difference between the two types is:

malignant cells do not know when to stop multiplying, whereas benign cells have controlled patterns of reproduction and follow signals to stop

11. In planning care for the patient who is on a protocol of bleomycin, an antitumor antibiotic, the nurse will add to the care plan an intervention to:

measure urinary output.

16. The nurse instructing fatigue management to the patient who is taking radiation will include information about:

prioritizing activities.

when providing care for a patient undergoing internal radiation, you would:

quickly and efficiently provide hands on care

the family members attending to the needs of a dying patient express distress regarding the noisy breathing. An important nursing action would be to:

reassure family members

10. In assessing a man who is to have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test done, the nurse identifies the situation that will delay the test, which is:

recent urinary tract infection.

18. The nurse evaluated that the 50-year-old male recently diagnosed with early stage cancer of the prostate has begun to accept his diagnosis when he:

requests current information on prostate cancer.

Pain is not unique to cancer but is a common occurrence in cancer patients. an important point to keep in mind when employing pain control efforts is to:

seek a combination of interventions to offer the best pain control

19. Following a visit from his family, the 55-year-old male patient with terminal cancer tearfully says, I am so afraid and begins to cry. The nurses most supportive response is to:

sit down and say, Lets talk about what you are afraid of.

Alopecia resulting from chemotherapy is:

temporary

12. When caring for a patient with cancer who is receiving vincristine, a vesicant, the nurse is especially careful to avoid:

the drug extravasating.

2. The 26-year-old patient with a malignant neoplasm has experienced a 10-pound weight loss in 3 weeks. The nurse takes into consideration that the rapid weight loss is most likely related to:

the malignancys high nutritional demand.

26. The nurse explains that metastasis from the original site to a new site is accomplished by malignant cells via: (Select all that apply.)

transplantation via surgical instruments during surgery. entering a body cavity and attaching to an organ. traveling through the lymphatic system. relocation from contaminated gloves during surgery.

8. The young college student who wants a tan before spring break asks the nurse what the safest method would be. The nurses best response is:

use a spray-on tanning solution.

The nurse directs the nursing assistant ini safety measures to be used while caring for a patient undergoing radiation therapy with a sealed implant. Which would be appropriate to include?

wear a lead apron to decrease exposure to radiation