MS III - Sensory Disorders
What does fluorescent angiography
does not meausure distubances in central vision or IOP.
Timolol
monitor for bradycardia. administer in lower conjunctival sac.
The total removal of an eye is a (n) ___________.
Enucleation.
Ofalicon
apply gent
cataract surgy
take stool softners until eye is healed
When the patient stares at the black dot on an Amsler grid, what should the nurse ask him to report?
Any distortion of the grid.
Which is a sign of acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG)?
Large fixed pupil.
Progressive deafness caused by the ankyloses of the stapes is the condition of__________.
Otosclerosis.
What should a patient who has had a cataract repair avoid?
The lifting of heavy objects.
What is the first indication of macular degeneration?
The loss of central vision.
Blepheratis
primary concern is tor prevent infection
The nurse explains that a pneumatic retinopexy is a repair of a retinal detachment using a bubble of_________ to put pressure on the damaged retina.
Gas.
macular degeneration
progressive loss of vision in the center of the visual field
What Snellen test results would deem an individual legally blind?
A visual acuity of 20/200 or less
What is Tonometry exam
Measures IOP
Snellen Test
Used to test visual acuity.
labyrhinitis
cardinal
Open-Angle Glaucoma
"Open-angle" means that the angle where the iris meets the cornea is as wide and open as it should be. Open-angle glaucoma is also called primary or chronic glaucoma. It is the most common type of glaucoma, affecting about three million Americans. -Is caused by the slow clogging of the drainage canals, resulting in increased eye pressure. -Has a wide and open angle between the iris and cornea. -Develops slowly and is a lifelong condition. -Has symptoms and damage that are not noticed.
What are normal aging changes in the sensory system?
-Crystalline lens hardens. -Loss of accommodation. -Macular degeneration. -Presbycusis -Calcification of the ossicles. -Tinnitus
Macular Degeneration
-Macular degeneration causes loss in the center of the field of vision. In dry macular degeneration, the center of the retina deteriorates. With wet macular degeneration, leaky blood vessels grow under the retina. -Blurred vision is a key symptom. -A special combination of vitamins and minerals (AREDS formula) may reduce disease progression. Surgery may also be an option.
Laboratory and Diagnostic Examinations
-Visual Field Assessment -Automated Perimetry test -
Select all the conditions that may cause conductive hearing loss.
A. Buildup of cerumen. B. Foreign bodies. C. Otosclerosis of external auditory canal. F. Otitis media with effusion.
What factors must the nurse consider when assessing readiness to learn when teaching health promotion practices for the visually and hearing impaired?
A. Cultural beliefs. B. Values. C. Habits.
Which may contribute to otitis media?
A. Exposure to cigarette smoke. B. Allergies. C. Upper respiratory infections.
Which of the following are causes of cataracts?
A. Long-term use of corticosteroids. C. Congenital from exposure to maternal rubella. D. Diabetes mellitus. F. Smoking.
What should the nurse advise the 20-year-old to do who has been put on cefaclor (Ceclor) for a resistant otitis media?
Avoid alcoholic beverages.
What does the cataract treatment of phacoemulsification involve?
Breaking the cataract with ultrasound.
What should the nurse do when assisting a blind person to walk in an unfamiliar hospital environment?
C. Describe the surroundings. D. Encourage the patient to ask for verbal cues. E. Place patient hand on nurse's shoulder or elbow.
Refraction Eye Exam
Can potentially diagnose visual disorders -Hyperopia. -Myopia. -Astigmatism. -Presbyopia.
What does diabetes retinopathy result from?
Capillaries in retina hemorrhage.
Lamp Test - if eyedrops are used what does it not diagnose
Chalazion and myopia.
What does a tympanoplasty correct?
Conductive hearing loss.
What do miotic eye drops do for a patient with glaucoma?
Constrict the pupil and open the canal of Schlemm.
The nurse counsels the 16-year-old boy that playing his music at high volume can result in impairment in hearing related to:
Damage of the fine hair cells in the organ of Corti.
When the patient in the emergency room complains of seeing flashing lights and a curtain down over his right eye, the nurse recognizes this as a symptom of which condition?
Detached retina.
A client has been diagnosed with acute angle closure glaucoma. The nurse should expect the client to report:
Eye pain and blurred vision. *These are manifestations of this fairly rare medical emergency. The client usually reports severe, generalized ocular pain in the affected eye and bulging of the iris may be visible. the client may also experience nausea and vomiting due to the increased IOP.
Hyperopia
Farsightedness.
The nurse takes into consideration that the Weber test indicated a conductive hearing loss in a patient because the patient reported hearing the tone:
Louder in his affected ear.
The surgical incision into the eardrum with either a knife or a heated wire loop to relieve pressure in the middle ear is a(n) ___________.
Myringotomy.
The 62-year-old home health patient who is recovering from eye surgery complains of a feeling of "grittiness" in the eye and is having blurred vision. The eyes are reddened and have stringy mucus. What do these complaints indicate?
Sjögren syndrome.
Diagnosed newly with glaucoma
Tell them to call the clinic before they take any OTC.
Arrange the parts of the eye from the exterior to the most interior. a. Choroid. b. Cornea. c. Aqueous humor. d. Retina. e. Lens. f. Iris.
The cornea is the outermost, followed by the aqueous humor, iris, lens, retina, and the choroid. B, C, F, E, D, A.
Why would the nurse encourage a group of teenagers to protect their eyes with dark sunglasses while using a UV lamp?
The lamp can cause cataracts.
Place the nursing intervention in appropriate order for the immediate care of a patient with a penetrating wound of the eye. a. Assess eye, do not remove object. b. Cover both eyes with an eye shield or cup. c. Lay the patient down flat. d. Check for the irregularity of the pupil. e. Obtain medical attention immediately.
The patient should be placed on his back to prevent loss of the aqueous humor, assessment of the eye for the location of the object and whether the pupil is regular, cover the eye to prevent movement, and obtain medical attention immediately. C, A, D, B, E.
How would the nurse explain the purpose of photocoagulation to a diabetic patient with diabetic retinopathy
The procedure will destroy new blood vessels, seal leaking vessels, and help prevent retinal edema.
Astigmatism
-With astigmatism, the front surface of the eye or the lens, inside the eye, is curved differently in one direction than the other. -A common symptom is blurry vision. -Treatments include prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses. Laser-assisted surgery, such as LASIK, also may help.
The nurse is aware that the patient has 20/40 vision. This means that the patient can see at 20 feet what the normal eye can see at _______ feet.
20.
What is the process when the lens of the eye changes its curvature to focus on the retina?
Accommodation.
Presbyopia
Age-related farsightedness.
When the newly blind male home health patient asks the nurse how he might get assistance, who might the nurse suggest he contact?
American Foundation for the Blind for a list of agencies.
A patient who had an enucleation of the right eye has been admitted PACU. What should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Apply a pressure dressing over the right eye socket.
Which complaint made by a 64-year-old patient during a health interview would alert the nurse to the possibility of cataracts?
Difficulty driving at night.
What should the nurse include in the plan of care following a tympanoplasty?
Elevating head of bed with operative side facing upward.
The home health patient complains of tearing and a feeling of dryness in the right eye. The nurse assesses that the eyelid is turned inward and the sclera is red. The nurse documents the presence of a(n)_________________.
Entropion.
Why is otitis media found more frequently in children 6 to 36 months?
Eustachian tubes in children are shorter and straighter.
The nurse will assess for _____________ when the older adult home health patient complains that the entire right side of his head hurts and he cannot chew without pain.
External Otitis.
Presbycusis
Hearing loss that occurs due to aging that gradually and initially affects the ability to hear higher pitched (higher frequency) sounds.
Four hours after a stapedotomy the patient complains that hearing has not improved at all. What knowledge would the nurse use to shape a response?
Hearing will not return until edema subsides.
One of the housekeepers splashes a chemical in the eyes. What should be the first priority?
Irrigate with normal saline solution for 20 minutes .
Angle-Closure Glaucoma
It is also called acute glaucoma or narrow-angle glaucoma. Unlike open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma is a result of the angle between the iris and cornea closing. -Is caused by blocked drainage canals, resulting in a sudden rise in intraocular pressure. -Has a closed or narrow angle between the iris and cornea. -Develops very quickly. -Has symptoms and damage that are usually very noticeable. -Demands immediate medical attention.
How should the nurse advise a patient who has severe vertigo from labyrinthitis?
Lie immobile and hold the head in one position until the vertigo lessens.
Myopia
Nearsightedness.
What must a patient do following a left vitrectomy?
Position self in a face-down position for 4 to 5 days.
What should the nurse remind the hearing aid wearer to do when the nurse hears a whistling hearing aid?
Reinsert the ear mold.
The nurse clarifies that the difference between a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and a laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is that a LASIK:
Removes some internal layers of the cornea.
The patient tells the nurse that he is legally blind. How would this information impact the nurse's plan of care for this patient?
The nurse would need to determine how this patient's visual impairment affects normal functioning.
Cerumen
most common cause of hearing loss in adults.
salty sweet sensation
not at the tip of the toungue
Refraction and Dilation
not necessary to form an image.
retinal detachment
restrict excessive head movement.
What would a nurse do when the patient arrives in the PACU after a left stapedotomy?
A. Turn the patient to his right side. D. Leave the bed flat. E. Medicate immediately on the complaint of nausea.
Otitis media in a child
Does anyone in the house smoke? notice tugging at the ears.
What is a common mistake that hinders communication when communicating with the hearing impaired?
Over accentuating words.
A 2 year old with an infection what is the first thing you do?
put on gloves, cleanse the outer ear before you apply drops.