ms - prostate cancer
More symptoms
*Cancer in your prostate or the area around the prostate can cause: -Blood in your urine -Blood in your semen *Prostate cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes in your pelvis may cause: -Swelling in your legs -Discomfort in the pelvic area *Advanced prostate cancer that has spread to your bones can cause: -Bone pain that doesn't go away -Bone fractures -Compression of the spine
Risk Factors, Symptoms and Screening
-African American men are 56% more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer than Caucasian men and are nearly 2.5 times as likely to die from the disease. -The only well-established risk factors for prostate cancer are age, ethnicity and family history of the disease; however, high dietary fat intake may also be a significant risk factor. -The chance of being diagnosed with prostate cancer increases rapidly after age 50. More than 65% of all prostate cancers are diagnosed in men over the age of 65. -Early prostate cancer usually has no symptoms and is most commonly detected through prostate cancer screening tests such as the PSA blood test and digital rectal exam.
Prostate Cancer Risk Factors
-Age. -Race or ethnicity. -Family history. -Diet. -High testosterone levels.
Any of the following symptoms should be reported to the physician
-Blood in Urine -Blood in Semen -Swelling in the legs -Discomfort in the pelvic area
Tests and diagnosis
-Digital rectal exam (DRE). -Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. -Transrectal ultrasound. -Prostate biopsy. -Bone scan -Computerized tomography (CT) scan. -Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). -Lymph node biopsy. -Grading -Staging
Prevention
-Eat well. -Get regular exercise -Tell your patient to ask their doctor about taking an NSAID
Treatments and drugs
-External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) -Side effects of EBRT can include: -Radioactive seed implants -Hormone therapy -Radical prostatectomy -Retropubic surgery. -Perineal surgery. -Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) -Chemotherapy -Cryotherapy -Gene therapy and immune therapy
Treating Advancing Disease
-Hormone Therapy -Chemotherapy
Prostate Cancer symptoms
-No noticeable symptoms in early disease -Early signs and symptoms of prostate cancer can include urinary problems, caused when the prostate tumor presses on the bladder or on the urethra. However, urinary symptoms are much more commonly caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate infections. -Less than 5 percent of cases of prostate cancer have urinary problems as the initial symptom. When urinary signs and symptoms do occur, they can include: -Trouble urinating -Starting and stopping while urinating -Decreased force in the stream of urine
Treatments and Survival Rates
-Prostate cancer can be eliminated from the body by surgery or radiation - if diagnosed at an early stage. However, every year, 70,000 men require additional treatment due to a recurrence of prostate cancer. -Because approximately 90% of all prostate cancers are detected in the local and regional stages, the cure rate for prostate cancer is very high—nearly 100% of men diagnosed at this stage will be disease-free after five years.
The typical complications of prostate cancer and its treatments include:
-Spread of cancer -Pain -Difficulty urinating (urinary incontinence) -Erectile dysfunction (ED) -Depression
Treating Localized Disease
-Surgery -Radiation -Radiation emitting pellets -Prostatectomy
Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in America. One in six American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer, making men 35% more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer than women are to be diagnosed with breast cancer.
Prostate Cancer causes
What causes prostate cancer and why some types behave differently are unknown. Research suggests that a combination of factors may play a role, including heredity, ethnicity, hormones, diet and the environment.
