M/S - WB Chapter 30
in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), any age group can be affected, although it infrequently occurs before the age of ________ and the incidence rises with age with a peak incidence at the age of _______ years
55; 67
which patient assessed by the nurse is at greatest risk for the development of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) a. 24 YO female taking oral contraceptives b. 40 YO patient with a HX of HTN c. 52 YO patient with acute kidney injury d. 72 YO patient with a HX of CA
72 year old patient with a history of cancer
multiple myeloma is malignancy of the most mature form of ________, the plasma cell
B lymphocytes
myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of clonal disorders of the myeloid stem cell that cause _________ in one or more types of cell lines
dysplasia
stem cell disease within the bone marrow
essential thrombocythemia
a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is having a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with radiation therapy. which complication will recognize the donor's lymphocytes as foreign and set up reactions to attack the foreign host acute respiratory distress syndrome graft-versus-host disease remission bone marrow depression
graft-versus-host disease
unicentric in origin and is initiated in a single bode
hodgkin lymphoma
a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is having aggressive chemotherapy to attempt to achieve remission and is aware that hospitalization will be necessary for several weeks. which type of therapy will the nurse educate the patient about
induction therapy
a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a neutrophil count that persists at less than 100/mm3. which will the nurse cautiously monitor this patient for abd cramps hypotension SZ activity infection
infection
what do the signs and symptoms of AML result from
insufficient production of normal blood cells
the nurse is administering packed RBC transfusions for a patient with MDS. the patient has had several transfusions and is likely to receive several more. which is a priority for the nurse to monitor related to the transfusions? creatinine and BUN iron mag potassium
iron levels
the common feature of the ________ is an unregulated proliferation of leukocytes in the bone marrow
leukemias
a patient is taking hydroxyurea for the treatment of primary myelofibrosis. while the patient is taking this medication, which lab studies will the nurse monitor to determine effectiveness? leukocyte and platelet count BUN and creatinine levels AST and ALT hemoglobin and hematocrit
leukocyte and platelet count
the leukemias are commonly classified according to the stem cell line involved, either
lymphoid or myeloid
malignant disease of the most mature form of B lymphocyte, the plasma cell
multiple myeloma
heterogeneous group of cancers that originate from the neoplastic growth of lymphoid tissue
non-hodgkin lymphoma
the nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking long-term bisphosphonate therapy. why is it important for the nurse to encourage the patient to receive a thorough evaluation of dentition, including panoramic dental x-rays? patient is at risk for tooth decay patient will develop gingival hyperplasia patient can develop osteonecrosis of the jaw
patient can develop osteonecrosis of the jaw
a patient with polycythemia vera has a high RBC count and is at risk for the development of thrombosis. which treatment is important to reduce blood viscosity and to deplete the patient's iron stores blood transfusions radiation phlebotomy
phlebotomy
the nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and observes multiple areas of ecchymosis and petechiae. which lab study will the nurse be most concerned about WBC 4200 hematocrit 38% platelet count 9000 creatinine 1.0
platelet count of 9000/mm3
proliferative disorder of the myeloid stem cells
polycythemia vera
the nurse is assessing a patient with polycythemia vera. which skin assessment data will the nurse identify as a normal finding for this patient pale skin with mucous membranes bronze skin tone ruddy complexion
ruddy complexion
chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) arises from a mutation in the myeloid _________
stem cell
the nurse is educating a patient taking imatinib mesylate for treatment of leukemia. which will the nurse be sure to include when educating the patient about the best way to take the medication that will optimize absorption a. take the medication with a source of vitamin C to enhance absorption b. take antacids if needed for gastrointestinal (GI) upset 2 hours after taking the medication c. take the medication with food to enhance absorption
take antacids if needed for GI upset 2 hours after taking the medication
if bone marrow analysis is performed on a patient with AML, what results are seen
the results will show an excess of immature blast cells. which is the hallmark of the diagnosis
what is the gaol of treatment in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
to obtain remission without excess toxicity and with a rapid hematologic recovery so that additional therapy can be administered if needed
results from an uncontrolled proliferation of immature cells derived from the lymphoid stem cell
acute lymphocytic leukemia
results from a defect in the hematopoietic stem cell that differentiates into all myeloid cells
acute myeloid leukemia
the leukemias are also classified as
acute or chronic
the nurse is caring for a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with high uric acid levels. which medication administered by the nurse will prevent crystallization of uric acid and stone formation allopurinol filgrastim hydroxyurea asparaginase
allopurinol
the development of hematologic neoplasms is complex. understanding the processes and the rationale for treatments is important so that nurses may appropriately ______ with patients who have hematologic neoplasms
assess, monitor, educate, intervene
why is caring for a patient with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) such a challenge
because the illness is unpredictable
complications of AML include ________, the major causes of death from this condition
bleeding and infection
hematopoietic malignancies are often classified by the _______ involved
cells
the nurse is caring for a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) taking imatinib mesylate. in which phase of the leukemia is this medication most useful to induce remission chronic transformation accelerated blast crisis
chronic
derived from a malignant close of B lymphocytes
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
arises from a mutation in the myeloid stem cell
chronic myeloid leukemia