Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action

Origin: Proximal portion of posterior humerus, superior to the radial groove Insertion: Posterior Olecranon Process of Ulna Action: Extends forearm

Triceps Brachii (lateral head)

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: Radial tuberosity Action: Flexes and supinates forearm at elbow

Biceps Brachii (long head)

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Radial tuberosity Action: Flexes and supinates forearm at elbow

Biceps Brachii (short head)

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia Action: knee flexion

Biceps Femoris

Origin: Anterior distal half of humerus Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna Action: Flexes forearm at elbow

Brachialis

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: Styloid process of radius Action: Flexes forearm at elbow

Brachioradialis

Origin: molar region of the maxilla and mandible Insertion: lateral edge of the orbicularis oris Action: pulls the corner of the mouth laterally

Buccinator

Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: Posterior Olecranon Process of Ulna Action: Extends forearm at elbow

Triceps Brachii (long head)

Origin: Inferior 2/3 of posterior humerus Insertion: Posterior Olecranon Process of Ulna Action: Extends forearm at elbow

Triceps Brachii (medial head)

Origin: Infraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus (middle facet) Action: lateral Shoulder rotation

Infraspinatus

Origin: attaches through lumbodorsal fascia to the spinous process of vertebra T7 - L5, also the anchors to iliac crest and tubercles of ribs 9 to 12 Insertion: twists around the teres major and anchors onto the intertubercular groove of the humerus Action: shoulder adduction, extension, medially rotates the shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus (top facet) Action: abducts shoulder

Supraspinatus

Origin: temporal fossa Insertion: anterior border of the ramus of the mandible Action: elevates the mandible and holds the jaw at rest

Temporalis

Origin: Caudal facet on angle (inferior) of dorsal scapular Insertion: Medial edge of the bicepital groove of humerus Action: Rotates, extends and adducts shoulder

Teres Major

Origin: Lateral margin of scapula (midway) Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus (most dorsal facet) Action: Shoulder lateral rotation

Teres Minor

Origin: Superior aspect of pubis, below pubic tubercle Insertion: middle third of linea aspera of femur long medial lip Action: Adducts and flexes hip

Adductor Longus

Origin: Medial head: Medial condyle of femur and area just above condyle Lateral head: Lateral condyle of f femur and area just above condyle Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Surface of ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line and posterior inferior surface of sacrum and coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur Action: Hip extension and lateral rotation

Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Trasverse processes of vertebrae C1 - C4 Insertion: Superior medial border of the scapula and the superior angle Action: Elevates scapula and/or bends neck and rotates head - "I don't know" muscles (shrug)

Levator Scapula

Origin: posterior edge of the zygomatic bone Insertion: vertical mandibular ramus and angle of the jaw Action: Bite Muscle

Masseter

Origin: medial palpebral ligament to attachments formed on subcutaneous tissue Insertion: skin and fascia of the eyelids Action: closes the eyelids

Orbicularis Oculi

Origin: shared fascia with other facial muscles and indirectly anchors to the mandible and maxilla Insertion: skin and muscle of the lips Action: moves the lips to pronounce words and enhance facial expressions

Orbicularis Oris

Origin: Ventral Side of ribs 3-5 Insertion: Coracoid process of Scapula Action: Pulls the scapula forward and downward

Pectoralis Minor

Origin: aponeurosis of external oblique muscle over the medial parts of ribs 5-7 Insertion: lateral edge of the highest part of the intertubercular groove Action: rotates medially, extends, and adducts the shoulder

Pectoralis major pars abdominalis

Origin: ventral surface of the clavicle Insertion: the bottom of the intertubercular grove Action: adducts the arm upwards toward the face

Pectoralis major pars clavicularis

Origin: sternum and cartilage of ribs 1-7 Insertion: lateral edge of the middle part of the intertubercular groove Action: adducts the arm across the chest and pulls shoulder forward

Pectoralis major pars sternocostalis

Origin: crest of pubis Insertion: costal cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process of sternum Action: flexion of the lumbar spine

Rectus Abdominus

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium above the acetabulum Insertion: Quadricpes tendon to base of patella onto tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Action: hip flexion and knee extension

Rectus Femoris

Origin: Spinous process of vertebral T2 - T5 Insertion: Medial border of the scapula from the scapular spine to the inferior angle Action: Retracts the Scapula and rotates it downward

Rhomboideus Major

Origin: Posterior end of nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral border of the Scapula at the medial end of the scapular spine Action:Retracts the Scapula and rotates it downward

Rhomboideus Minor

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Proximal tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity Action: knee flexion

Sartorius

Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Proximal tibia, medial to tibial tuberosity Action: knee flexion

Semitendinosus

Origin: Lateral surface of ribs 1-9 Insertion: Medial boarder of Scapula Action: Pulls and rotates the scapula forward

Serratus Anterior

Origin: Proximal half of posterior surface of tibia, proximal 1/3 of posterior fibula Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot

Soleus

Origin: Lateral condyle & superior 2/3 of anteriolateral surface of tibia Insertion: Medial & Plantar surfaces of medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal along the medial & plantar surfaces Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot

Tibialis Anterior

Origin: Greater trochantor Insertion: Quadricpes tendon to base of patella onto tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Action:knee extension

Vastus Lateralis

Origin: Intertrochanteric line & medial lip of linea aspera of femur Insertion: Quadricpes tendon to base of patella onto tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Action:knee extension

Vastus Medialis

Origin: zygomatic bone of zygomatic arch Insertion: lateral corner of the Orbicularis Oris Action: Smile muscle

Zygomaticus: Major / Minor