Muscles

There are four paired muscles that form the abdominal wall together with their ___ and ___. They work together to ___ the abdominal organs and promote any action that needs an increased intraabdominal pressure, such as ___ for example.

fasciae aponeuroses protect urination

The four strap-like ____ muscles are located inferiorly to the hyoid; they ___ the larynx and hyoid bone at the end of __ and during ___

infrahyoid depress swallowing speaking

Since it crosses the hip ___, the iliopsoas muscle is the prime mover for hip ___. It is comprised of two muscles: the ___and ___

anteriorly flexion iliacus psoas major

All of the muscles of the posterior leg ___ flex the ankle because they cross the ankle ___

plantar posteriorly

The intrinsic muscles of the vertebral column all attach to the vertebrae and help to maintain ____. The erector spinae muscles are the prime movers for _____ of the vertebral column. Unilaterally, they ____ the vertebral column ____

posture extension bend/flex laterally

The two pronators of the forearm are the ___ and __. The supinator of the forearm is the ___; the ____ muscle also supinates the forearm.

pronator teres pronator quadratus supinator biceps brachii

The muscles of the medial thigh all originate from the ___ bone and most insert into the ___. This makes them ___ of the hip.

pubic femur adductors

The ____ femoris (group) consists of four muscles: ___

quadriceps rectus femoris vastus lateralis intermedius medialis

Which two muscles will help you lift your arms up high and which ones to pull them down again?

Deltoid and supraspinatus Latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major

Two of them have oblique fibers. The __ oblique muscle fibers run from superior to inferior (downward direction), whereas the ___ oblique muscle fibers run from inferior to superior (upward direction).

External internal

Paralysis of which muscle group would make an individual unable to flex the knee?

Hamstrings

Your brother suddenly cannot close his left eye anymore, This points to paralysis of which muscle?

Orbicularis oculi

Which two facial muscles do you need if you want to whistle?

Orbicularis oris and buccinators

The two muscles of the lateral leg (fibularis longus qnd brevis) help to ___ the ankle, but they are the prime movers for _____ of the foot.

Plantar flexion Eversion

Which two muscles, one on the thigh and one on the lower leg, have to spring into action if you want to extend your leg and plantar flex the foot kick a ball?

Quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior

Which muscle(s) do you use when you bend over to touch your toes?

Rectus abdominis

I am a flexor of the hip and an extensor of the knee. I am the longest and straightest muscle in a quartet. Can you guess my name?

Rectus femoris

Most of the muscles of the anterior neck and throat are involved in ___ and ___. They are subdivided into two groups: the _____ and _______ muscles.

Speech Swallowing Suprahyoid Infrahyoid

Explain the sequence of muscle action. Which neck muscle(s) do you use to look both ways before crossing a road?

Sternocieidomastoid muscles. Contracting the right Sternocleidomastoic muscle turns the head to the left. While contracting the left turns the head to the rignt

You grab a door knob with your right hand. Which muscle(s) will help you turn the knob to open the door? Which mus- cle(s) would you need to open the same door with your left hand?

Supinator and brachioradials Pronator teres

The four ___ muscles form the floor of the mouth (a.k.a. ___ cavity) and are mainly involved in ___. These muscles anchor the tongue and elevate the ___ and ___ bone.

Suprahypid Oral Swallowing Larynx Hyoid

Name two muscles that abduct the thigh when you do jumping jacks.

Tensir fasciae latea, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

The pelvic floor or ___ is composed of two muscles called the ___ and ___. The mains tasks are to ___ the pelvic organs.

diaphragm coccygeus levator ani support

The three main muscles of the anterior leg ___ the ankle, specifically the ___ ___ muscle, which is also a prime mover for ___ of the foot

dorsiflex tibialis anterior inversion

The extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus are the prime movers for ___ of the toes.

extension

All gluteal muscles cross the hip and attach to two bones: the ___ and ___. The two major actions of gluteus maximus are ___ and ____ of the hip. The gluteus medius and minimus ____ and ___ rotate the femur.

femur ilium extension lateral rotation abduct medially

We can ___ and ___ our toes, and ____ and ____ our ankle.

flex extend plantar flex dorsiflex

Muscles that cross the elbow joint can either cause ___ or ___ because the joint is a ___ synovial joint. Muscles crossing the joint anteriorly cause ___ of the elbow, muscles crossing posteriorly cause ___ of the elbow.

flexion extension hinge flexion extension

The sternocleidomastoid muscles are the prime movers for ___ of the head/neck; this occurs with bilateral contraction. Unilateral contraction ___ the head to the ___ side.

flexion rotates opposite

Thigh muscles that cross the hip anteriorly are ____ of the hip.

flexors

The muscles in the anterior arm compartment are all ____. The __ and ___ are the prime movers for ___ of the elbow.

flexors biceps brachii brachialis flexion

The anterior forearm muscles are mostly ___ of the wrist and digits; the posterior forearm muscles are mostly ___ of the wrist and digits.

flexors extensors

Two of the posterior leg muscles are the prime movers for ankle plantar flexion ( ___ and ___ ). They insert into the ____ via the strongest and longest tendon of the body, which is known as the ____ or ____ tendon. The two muscles are collectively known as ____ surae

gastrocnemius soleus calcaneus calcaneal Achilles triceps

The three muscles on the posterior thigh are collectively known as the ___. They all originate on the ___ tuberosity. They ___ the hip, but ___ the knee, because they cross the hip and knee ____

hamstrings ischial extend flex posteriorly

Only one of them (the ___ muscle) crosses the hip and, thus, ___ the hip and is a ____ to the iliopsoas.

rectus femoris flexes synergist

The primary function of the deep muscles of the thorax is to aid in ___. The most important muscle for breathing is the ___. It separates the ___ and ____ cavities.

respiration diaphragm thoracic abdominal

The ___ muscle is also located in the anterior thigh compartment. It is important for crossing the leg in a ___ position.

sartorius sitting

The ____ medially rotates the humerus, because it attaches to the ____ tubercle. The ___ and ___ rotate the humerus laterally because they attach to the ____ tubercle on the posterior side of the humerus.

subscapularis lesser infraspinatus teres minor greater

The four rotator cuff muscles are:

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

All four quadriceps muscles cross the knee anteriorly and insert into the ____ tuberosity via the ___ Therefore, they ___ the knee.

tibial patellar tendon extend

The ____ is a prime mover for inversion of the foot, whereas the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus ___ the toes since they insert on the plantar/inferior surface of the toes.

tibialis posterior flex

The fibers of the ________ muscle run horizontally, the fibers of _____ muscle vertically.

transversus abdominis rectus abdominis

The prime mover for extension of the elbow is the ____ because it crosses the elbow ___ and inserts into the ___ process of the ___

triceps brachii posteriorly olecranon ulna