Music 195 Chapter 10 Pt One

teen market

American Bandstand catered towards the

Youth performers

Berry Gordy utilized _____ _____ such as Stevie Wonder (Stevie Wonder was 11 when Berry Gordy recorded him)

youth market

Berry Gordy wanted ____ _____ as oppose to African American market

Parallels between Spector and Gordy

Both producers exhibited an enormous amount of control over the product that he put up. Both producers used a lot of vocal groups.

Marvin Gaye

sang similar to Nat King Cole, "Prince of Soul," Motown artist "The Masquerade is Over"

Cameo-Parkway records

signed Chubby Checker

King Records

small Cincinnati R/B recording label that produced for Hank Ballard and The Midnighters. Teardrops on your Letter

The Twist

song released in 1958 by Hank Ballard and the Midnighters. individual noncontact dance. first significant non contact dance. breakaway section-lead to improvisation

"Lets Twist Again"

spin off of The Twist in 1961 by Chubby Checker.

Tamla records

started on January 12, 1959 by Berry Gordy Jr. using $800 borrowed from his family's loan fund. He originally wanted to name the label "Tammy", after the Debbie Reynolds film, but that name was already taken. First Motown label. Signed Marvin Gaye and Stevie Wonder,

Again

Less then a year after it became a number one hit, The Twist became a number one hit _____.

I Heard It Through The Grapevine

Marvin Gaye. The lyrics tell the story in the first person of the singer's feelings of betrayal and disbelief when he hears of his girlfriend's infidelity only indirectly "through the 'grapevine'". Whitfield overdubbed Gaye's vocals with that of the Andantes' background vocals, mixed in several tracks featuring the Funk Brothers on the rhythm track, and adding the string section from the Detroit Symphony Orchestra with an arrangement by Paul Riser.

Specific instrumental part

Motown always had a

Blues and gospel

Motown songs had influence from

Crucial

Vocal groups were ______ in Motown Sound.

James Jamerson

- renowned bassist in Funk Brothers - played only stuff he felt was creative - snuck around and played music when younger He was the uncredited bassist on most of the Motown Records hits in the 1960s and early 1970s. Motown did not list session musician credits on their releases until 1971

Philles Records

-Created by Phil Spector -Established a new important model for music production -Wall of Sound

Berry Gordy

-founder of MoTown Records -simple and direct -black r&b crossover to white pop -"shop around" Started his career making a jazz band record store. Goes out of business, goes into other form of music. Still had idea of working on one portion of music

Twist dance craze

1959 to the early sixties it became a worldwide dance craze, enjoying immense popularity while drawing controversies from critics who felt it was too provocative.

Motown Sound

A set of stylistic features heard in sixties Motown recordings: melodic saturation, a good mellow beat, a broad spectrum of sound and a predictable format, pop music, dance groove of rock and roll,

Differences between Gordy and Spector

Gordy wanted his performers to be breakout stars, while as Spector did not. Spector would not hire one of his singers to write the songs. Gordy allowed more expression of artists and would lead it up to creativity of the artists. Gordy's vocal groups were more widely known than Phil Spector's such as The Temptations, The Supremes, and The Jackson Five. Many of Gordy's artists like Diana Ross and Smokey Robinson branched off into their own solo career.

Dick Clark

Host of American Bandstand, his wife gave Chubby Checker his nickname.

American Bandstand

Hosted by Dick Clark started airing in 1957, was a Phili televised showcase of rock 'n' roll hits in which a live audience danced to recorded music. this spread of popularity of rock and made the host one of the best known figures among young Americans.

dance music

Music designed to accompany or inspire dancing. The Twist creates this genre as a subset of American Popular Music. Has its own chart category

Doo wop and 12 bar blues

Not really in Motown records

Chubby Checker

Originated from Pennsylvania. Stage name of Ernest Evans, who recorded "The Twist" in 1960. Got name from Fats Domino.

emphasized

Phil Spector _________ the producer as an artist

Vocal groups

Phil Spector preferred to work with. It offered him to work with many possibilities and gave him more options. Very anonymous. Easier to control

Los Angeles

Phil Spector recorded in ________, rather than NY. This city started to become more so a center.

Teddy Bears

Phil Spector was first a musician/singer and created his own band called the

Phil Spector

Pioneering and influential Ukrainian music producer from the Bronx associated with the "wall of sound" who founded Philles records at the age of twenty-one.

Brill Building

Rock 'n' roll's vertical Tin Pan Alley. It was home to many pop-rock songwriting teams during the early 1960s. Carole King. There you could write a song or make the rounds of publishers until someone bought it. Phil Spector was a producer to this place. 12 bar blues and 12/8 ballad

Do You Love Me

The Contours, first hit song of Motown, Rock and Roll, 1962, false ending, studio fade, spoken recitation, . is representative of Gordy's talent as a musician, producer, arranger, and songwriter. simple, geared towards the dance audience. mentions many 1960s fad dances such as The Twist

Uptown

The Crystals, 1962, Flexible tempo in opening, deals with issues of class and income injustice, social realism. Storytelling like music. The lyrics in "Uptown" about living in the slums created a "sophisticated and socially conscious" song that laid the framework for later rock and roll songs

Save the Last Dance for Me

The Drifters, song written by Doc Pomus and Martin Schuffman from the Brill Building

Dancing Machine

The Jackson Five (1973) popularized the physically complicated Robot dance technique, devised by Charles Washington in the late 1960s. Michael Jackson first performed the dance on television while singing "Dancing Machine" with the Jackson 5 on an episode of Soul Train.

Tin Pan Alley

The Rock N Roll of the 1960s was similar to this beginning genre, where the subject matter was light (Exception was folk music in the 60s)

Be My Baby

The Ronettes, 1963, Wall of Sound, Studio fade, showed how influential Phil Spector, the producer was

Will You Love Me Tomorrow

The Shirelles, Brill Building, written by Carole King, AABA form, sexually charged song,

You Can't Hurry Love

The Supremes 1966, Diana Ross, Groove helps tell part of the story and brings the audience to listen like Nat King's Cole Nature Boy uses the melody to tell the song. Billboard named the song number 19 on their list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time.

My Girl

The Temptations, (Smokey Robinson) popular song for Motown. built around 2 different hooks. First one is baseline, then another rhythm on top of the baseline. Brings layers of sound. Each chorus introduces a new layer of sound. modulates, expressive intensification

The Wrecking Crew

The studio musicians who worked regularly with Phil Spector at Gold Star Studios. Comfortable with a number of difference styles of music, learned how to perform Rock N Roll sounds. Behind the scene musicians

Motown Records

a black-owned record label founded in Detroit in 1959 by Berry Gordy that specialized in highly produced soul

Wall of Sound

a production technique developed and popularized by Phil Spector that involved the use of large instrumental groups, liberal doses of reverb, and multi-track overdubbing, multiple instruments would double track

shuffle groove

based on a triplet groove, a mid-tempo rhythmic pattern, typically in 4/4 time, in which each beat is subdivided into three pulse. used in the twist.

The Fat Boys featuring Chubby Checker

cover song by ________ made the twist popular and it developed into a craze.

1960s

golden age of the vocal groups

Hooks

memorable parts of the song

modulates

the process of changing from one key to another

The Jackson Five

vocal group of Motown, included Michael Jackson recorded by Berry Gordy

Motown vocal groups

were allowed to become solo artists and have a good solo career.

Hank Ballard and the Midnighters

were an American R&B, doo-wop group from Detroit, Michigan.

studio fade

when the volume gets softer. technique for studio recordings at the end of songs throughout 1960s-1970s.