music chapter 10-17
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding Schubert's career.
During his early adult years, he traveled around Germany and Austria as a touring virtuoso.
Which statement does NOT apply to Eine kleine Nachtmusik?
Mozart composed it for the outdoor wedding reception of a friend.
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding Mozart's life in Vienna during the 1780s.
Mozart was responsible for an orchestra that was never larger than twenty-five musicians and saw to it that all musicians appeared in uniform and followed instructions.
All of the following statements regarding the early years of Mozart are accurate EXCEPT that:
Mozart's father served as court composer to Joseph II of Austria, and he later gave composition lessons to Beethoven.
Who was Lorenzo da Ponte?
Mozart's principal librettist during the 1780s
Which composers are representative of the Classical period?
Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven, and Schubert
Which statement regarding Clara Schumann is FALSE?
Recognizing Robert's genius, Clara's father encouraged her relationship with him and was pleased when they finally married.
In which town was Mozart born?
Salzburg
In which manner did Romantic composers typically use rhythm?
Tempo is cut loose from the restraints of a regular beat and can fluctuate greatly (rubato).
Identify the statement that does NOT apply to the "Eroica" ("Heroic") Symphony.
The Austrian emperor asked Beethoven to change the title from "Bonaparte" to "Eroica"; Beethoven complied but demanded an extra fee.
From 1781 until his death in 1791, Mozart lived almost exclusively in which city?
Vienna
Identify the statement that does NOT apply to Vienna during the late eighteenth century.
Vienna was the largest city in Europe.
What is the correct definition for Singspiel?
a German musical comedy with spoken dialogue, tuneful songs, and topical humor
A "diminished chord" is
a chord made up entirely of minor thirds that produces a tense, unstable sound.
Which of the following definitions best suits the meaning of "song cycle"?
a collection of several songs united by a common textual theme or literary idea
The best definition for "solo concerto" is
a composition in which an orchestra and a single performer in turn present and develop the musical material in the spirit of harmonious competition
In Don Giovanni, the character of Leporello is
a faithful, though reluctant, servant.
What is "double exposition form"?
a form, originating in the concerto of the Classical period, in which first the orchestra and then the soloist present the primary thematic material
What is a "comic opera"?
a genre of opera originating in the eighteenth century that portrayed everyday characters and situations , used spoken dialogue and simple songs, and often included sight gags, bawdy humor, and social satire
Which definition accurately describes the term sinfonia?
a one-movement orchestral work in three sections (fast-slow-fast) that originated as an overture in seventeenth-century Italian opera
What is a "cadenza"?
a showy passage for the soloist appearing near the end of the movement in a concerto
What is a "Schubertiad"?
a social gathering for music and poetry that featured Schubert's songs and piano music
The term sonata refers to a genre performed by
a solo instrument.
What is an art song?
a song for solo voice and piano with high artistic aspirations
What is the unexpected occurrence in Haydn's Symphony No. 94 that gave it the name "Surprise"?
a sudden fortissimo chord
Schubert intended the accompaniments for his Lieder to be evocative of the text. What is this accompaniment passage meant to suggest?
a wild ride on horseback
Which response accurately describes the term sonata?
a work, usually in three movements, for keyboard or other solo instrument
"Sonata-allegro form" is
all of the above
Identify the answer that most appropriately describes the operatic vocal ensemble.
all of the above
Which quality contributed to the dynamic style of Classical music?
all of the above
Which response best describes the term string quartet?
all of the above
Which statement regarding Köchel (K) numbers is most accurate?
all of the above
In a Classical string quartet or symphony, the third movement is usually
all of the above.
Which statement best describes chromatic harmony?
all of these choices
What is a "virtuoso"?
an instrumentalist or singer possessing extraordinary technical facility
How does Clara Schumann indulge in word painting in this excerpt from "Liebst du um Schönheit"?
by setting the word not (nichts) with a sudden minor chord
What was the average size of the orchestra during the Romantic period?
close to 100
Which theme in sonata-allegro form typically oscillates between the dominant and tonic chords?
closing theme
The "heroic" period is when Beethoven
composed six of his nine symphonies.
Which term best characterizes the B section in ternary form?
contrast
What is likely the most direct influence that caused composers to suddenly show a great interest in writing art songs during the nineteenth century??
great authors were writing poetry at a frenzied pace
The texture of Classical period music is generally
homophonic, with a thinner bass and a middle range; hence, it is light and transparent.
Which definition is correct for "Alberti bass"?
instead of having the pitches of a chord sound all together, notes are played in succession to provide a continual stream of sound
Which section of sonata-allegro form is slow, stately, and filled with ominous or puzzling chords?
introduction
The phrase that best describes the general shape of melody during the Romantic period is:
long, singable lines are flexible and increasingly irregular in shape; broad streams of sound move toward powerful climaxes
If a single feeling or sentiment pervaded the Romantic era, it was
love.
Which movement in a sonata, quartet, or symphony tended to be in a lyrical and tender mood?
second
Which movement of a sonata, quartet, or symphony was typically in a slow tempo?
second
How did composers treat melody during the Classical period?
short, balanced phrases create tuneful melodies; more vocal than instrumental in character
Identify the form that began during the Classical period.
sonata-allegro
Which form is often used for setting hymns and pop songs?
strophic form
What is a "Lied"?
the German genre of art song for voice and piano accompaniment, which originated around 1800
What does "rubato" mean?
the Italian word for "robbed"; in musical notation, an expression mark indicating that the performer may take great liberties with the tempo
The term "symphony" is derived from
the Italian word sinfonia, which denoted a popular form employed in Italy around 1700
Identify the correct definition for "development."
the center-most portion of sonata-allegro form, in which the thematic material of the exposition is developed and extended, transformed, or reduced to its essence
The "retransition" is
the end of the development section, where the tonality often becomes stabilized on the dominant in preparation for the return of the tonic and the beginning of the recapitulation.
What is the "coda"?
the final and concluding section of some musical compositions
Which idea did NOT emerge during the Enlightenment?
the importance of communicating passion no matter what sort of imbalance, contradiction, or formal inconsistency might result
What is meant by the term relative major?
the major key in a pair of major and minor keys that share the same number of sharps or flats
The "pianoforte" is
the original name for the piano.
Identify the correct definition for "exposition," as used in sonata-allegro form.
the principal section in which all thematic material is presented
Beethoven initially made his living in Vienna as a concert pianist, and in order to be acceptable to polite society, he bought new clothes, found a wig maker, and took dancing lessons.
true
During the Enlightenment, also referred to as the Age of Reason, thinkers gave free reign to the pursuit of truth and the discovery of natural laws.
true
In Classical compositions, the rondo is typically light, quick, and jovial in nature.
true
Mozart found the system of aristocratic patronage irritating, and after several unpleasant scenes with his patron, he cut himself free and moved to Vienna, determined to make a living as a freelance musician.
true
One of the hallmarks of the Romantic era was a lively interest in literature and especially poetry. Composers believed that music could intensify poetic sentiments by expressing things that words alone could not.
true
Spurred on by economic self-interest and the principles of Enlightenment philosophers, the middle class of France and America rebelled against the monarchy.
true
What did the trumpet and French horn lack in Haydn's day that is now "standard equipment" on modern instruments?
valves
What type of chord accompanies the death of the Commandant in Don Giovanni?
diminished chord
As a general rule, Classical composers restricted sonata-allegro form to the first movement of multimovement compositions.
false
Due to the physical power required to play the pianoforte, the most common players of the new instrument were professional male musicians.
false
From the listener's perspective, the most striking aspect of Romantic music is the dense polyphony and rhythmic intricacy of the music.
false
One of the ways Classical composers created variation within theme and variations form was by altering the length of the melody.
false
Rondo and sonata-allegro were the only two forms invented during the Classical period.
false
While Haydn toured Europe to acquire fame and fortune, what actually happened was that his compositions increased in breadth and substance because of his exposure to a wealth of musical styles.
false
Sonata-allegro form was most often used in which movements of a string quartet or symphony in the Classical period?
first and fourth
Which movement of a string quartet or symphony was typically a bright, light-hearted, and sometimes humorous movement set in sonata-allegro, theme and variations, or rondo form?
fourth
The new comic opera, the opera of the middle class, in Italy was called
opera buffa.
Which is the most accurate statement about musical form during the Classical period?
A few standard forms regulate much of the music.
What change occurred in the audience's perception of music and composers during the Romantic period?
All of these changes occurred.
Which statement about Beethoven's Heiligenstadt Testament is correct?
All of these choices
Which period is known as the Classical Period?
1750-1820
Which response is NOT an example of rondo form?
ABA
Which statement about Mozart's compositions and his childhood experiences touring Europe is INCORRECT?
As a result of Mozart's touring, he acquired fame and fortune, and he was court composer to Emperor Joseph II from 1780 until his untimely death in 1791.
Which statement does NOT apply to the career of Clara Schumann?
As a result of her ability as a composer and virtuoso, a wealthy industrialist provided her with an ample yearly stipend but under the condition that they never meet.
Which statement does NOT apply to Haydn's early years?
Because Haydn displayed great musical talent as a child, his father forced the boy to practice at all hours with the intent of exploiting him as a child prodigy.
Which of the following statements about Beethoven's music is true?
Beethoven embraced the use of Classical forms and genres in his music, but the spirit of his music is one that foreshadows the musical style of the Romantic era.
Which Mozart opera is a German Singspiel?
Die Zauberflöte
Mozart's Variations on "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" are based on a(n)
French folksong.
Which instrument was especially favored during the Romantic period because of its dark, rich tone and associations with the hunt—and, by extension, nature?
French horn
Which answer accurately describes harmony during the Romantic period?
Greater use of chromaticism makes the harmony richer and more colorful; sudden shifts to remote chords are used for expressive purposes; more dissonance is used to convey feelings of anxiety and longing.
Which statement does NOT apply to Haydn's Opus 76, No. 3, the "Emperor" Quartet?
Haydn disliked composing patriotic music and was embarrassed by the popularity it achieved.
Which statement about Beethoven's later years is INCORRECT?
He made two visits to London, where he was treated as a celebrity and awarded an honorary degree from Oxford.
His career as a virtuoso was cut short due to an injury to his right hand, but he thereafter focused his attention on writing sonatas for left-handed pianists.
He served as court composer to Joseph II of Austria.
Identify the statement that does NOT apply to Beethoven's early biography.
He toured northern Europe for three years and heard his first two symphonies performed in London when he was only eight years old.
Which statement does NOT apply to Beethoven's style of playing the piano?
His career as a virtuoso was cut short due to an injury to his right hand, but he thereafter focused his attention on writing sonatas for left-handed pianists.
All of the statements apply to Schubert EXCEPT which of the following?
His father planned that his son would become a physician.
All of the following statements are true about Beethoven's legacy EXCEPT for which one?
His music is inherently theatrical and perfectly suited to the genre of opera.
Which statement regarding Schubert is FALSE?
His tone poem, the "Unfinished," became a model for other Romantic period orchestral compositions.
Which statement does NOT apply to Symphony No. 94, the "Surprise" Symphony?
It expresses an introspective mood of tragedy and despair.
Which trait is NOT characteristic of the transition theme as it occurs during the exposition of a sonata-allegro form?
It generally has a strong melodic identity of its own.
Identify the INCORRECT statement about Ode to Joy.
It is based on a text written by Voltaire, the Enlightenment philosopher.
Which statement does NOT apply to Beethoven's Symphony No. 5?
It is the first symphony to use theme and variations form as one of
identify the response that most accurately applies to "The Emperor's Hymn."
It was written to serve as the Austrian national anthem.
Why did orchestras begin requiring a conductor during the early years of the nineteenth century?
Someone was needed to coordinate the efforts of the enlarged ensemble.
Which musical tradition was NOT influential in the development of Mozart's musical style?
Spanish flamenco
Identify the statement that correctly describes the harmonic style of the era.
The harmonic rhythm varies dramatically, creating a dynamic flux and flow; simple chordal harmonies are made more active by an "Alberti" bass.
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding Classical operas.
The pianoforte accompanies recitatives.
Which answer correctly describes the rhythm of Classical period music?
The rhythm becomes more stop-and-go, and there is greater rhythmic variety within a single movement.
Which statement about Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor is INCORRECT?
The sadness in the symphony reflects the composer's difficult personal circumstances—the death of his father and children—during the period immediately preceding the composition of the work.
Identify the INACCURATE statement regarding the typical recapitulation in sonata-allegro form.
The second theme is played in the dominant or relative major key.
All of the following statements about the "Pathétique" Sonata are correct EXCEPT for which one?
The title "Pathétique" was intended to suggest French manners and moods
What is the mode of this excerpt from the introduction to Beethoven's "Pathétique" Sonata?
minor
Identify the correct definition of "through-composed."
music that exhibits no obvious repetitions or overt musical form from beginning to end
Which attitude or idea was NOT important during the Romantic era?
objective evaluation
With Beethoven's __________, the genre moved from one played by amateur performers in their homes to become standard repertoire for professional musicians.
piano sonatas
In rondo form, the A sections are called
refrains.
Which musical form was NOT important during the Classical period?
ritornello form
Identify the correct definition of "modified strophic form."
the repetitive form is modified briefly to accommodate a particularly expressive word or phrase in the text
Which movement(s) in a Classical period symphony is (are) nearly always in minuet and trio form?
third
About half of the mature symphonies of Haydn and Mozart have brief introductions before the exposition begins.
true
Because Don Giovanni is implicitly critical of the aristocracy, Mozart and da Ponte had to dance quickly to stay ahead of the imperial censor before production.
true