Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac Arrest

"electrical issue" heartbeat is controlled by the internal electrical system in the heart -When the heart stops beating, blood stops pumping to the body

Cardiovascular disease and communication

1. Vocabulary changes are unlikely 2. may have word retrieval deficits 3. progressive auditory comprehension difficulties at sentence-level

Risk factors for MI and Cardiac arrest

1. high blood pressure 2. high cholesterol 3. obesity 4. smoking 5. diabetes 6. family history of heart disease 7. lack of physical activities

Symptoms of cardiac arrest

1. loss of consciousness with no heartbeat or pulse 2. rapid heartbeat, dizzy, or light-headed right before fainting 3. within an hour before: -chest pain - shortness of breath -nausea -vomiting **can also occur with NO WARNING

Role of SLP and MI/CA

1. provide education 2. therapy (cog-ling tx for deficits, compensatory strategies or devices)

Arrhythmia

abnormal heart rhythms characterized by rapid, delayed, or absence of heart beats

Cardiovascular diseases and CVA

increased risk of a stroke after MI or CA -can present with co-occuring conditions

Atherosclerosis

thickening or hardening of the arteries as a result of plaque buildup

MI facts

Myo = death; cardial = heart ICD 10 code: 121 -Commonly referred to as a heart attack -over 1 million people/year in US/half die

MI definition

1. Blood flow is blocked 2. starved tissue begins to die from lack of oxygen 3. damages irreversible w/in 20-40 minutes (continues 6-8 hours until the heart attack is complete) 4. dead heart muscle replaced by scar tissue

MI Symptoms

1. Chest pains Mild heart attacks may be mistaken for heartburn Severe heart attacks may feel like giant fist enclosing and squeezing heart Pain may be constant or intermittent 2. Shortness of breath 3. Dizziness 4. Faintness 5. Nausea

Cardiovascular Disease and cognition

1. Deficits in attention (processing speed, sustained attention, switching attention) 2. Memory (immediate and delayed verbal recall, visual memory, learning efficiency) 3. Executive functioning (planning, reasoning)

Cardiac Arrest Facts

ICD 10 code: 146.9 -More than 350K deaths in US/year -95% die mainly as result of inaccessible treatment