NCA - Test #4 - PrepUs

a) renal calculi.

A client presents to the emergency department complaining of a dull, constant ache along the right costovertebral angle along with nausea and vomiting. The most likely cause of the client's symptoms is: a) renal calculi. b) interstitial cystitis. c) an overdistended bladder. d) acute prostatitis.

b) Infection

A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect? a) Obstruction of the lower urinary tract b) Infection c) Nephrotic syndrome d) Acute renal failure

b) Ureters

A group of students is reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal system. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract? a) Pelvic floor muscles b) Ureters c) Bladder d) Urethra

b) Increased serum creatinine

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? a) Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) b) Increased serum creatinine c) Decreased potassium d) Increased serum albumin

c) Costovertebal angle tenderness

The client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find? a) Perineal pain b) Suprapubic pain c) Costovertebal angle tenderness d) Pain after voiding

a) Maintain the client on bedrest

The client is admitted to the nursing unit for a biopsy of the urinary tract tissue. When planning nursing care for the postoperative period, which nursing intervention documents the prescribed activity level? a) Maintain the client on bedrest b) Activity as tolerated c) Assist the client for bathroom privileges d) Ambulate the client in the hall

c) Functional capacity

When the bladder contains 350 mL or more of urine, this is referred to as which of the following? a) Renal clearance b) Specific gravity c) Functional capacity d) Anuria

d) "You don't need to do any fasting before this noninvasive test."

A client is scheduled for a renal ultrasound. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining this procedure to the client? a) "An x-ray will be done to view your kidneys, ureters, and bladder." b) "You'll have a pressure dressing on your groin after the test." c) "A contrast medium will be used to help see the structures better." d) "You don't need to do any fasting before this noninvasive test."

c) All options are correct.

A 32-year-old client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography and you are in the midst of completing client education about the procedure and postprocedural assessments. What postprocedural assessment will you perform on the client? a) Hypersensitivity response b) Palpate pedal pulses. c) All options are correct. d) Monitor site condition.

a) Glucose

A 42-year-old client is being seen by a urologist in the group where you practice nursing. She is experiencing some secretion abnormalities, for which diagnostics are being performed. Which of the following substances are typically reabsorbed and not secreted in urine? a) Glucose b) Chloride c) Creatinine d) Potassium

b) Cystoscopy

A client has undergone diagnostic testing that involved the insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens. The nurse identifies this test as which of the following? a) Renal angiography b) Cystoscopy c) Intravenous pyelography d) Excretory urogram

a) check the client's pedal pulses frequently.

A client in a short-procedure unit is recovering from renal angiography in which a femoral puncture site was used. When providing postprocedure care, the nurse should: a) check the client's pedal pulses frequently. b) apply pressure to the puncture site for 30 minutes. c) remove the dressing on the puncture site after vital signs stabilize. d) keep the client's knee on the affected side bent for 6 hours.

a) "This medication will relieve your pain."

A client is prescribed flavoxate (Urispas) following cystoscopy. Which of the following instructions would the nurse give the client? a) "This medication will relieve your pain." b) "This medication prevents infection in your urinary tract" c) "This medication will treat the blood in your urine." d) "This medication prevents urinary incontinence."

d) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test? a) Evaluate the client for periorbital edema. b) Assess the client's mental changes. c) Monitor the client for signs of electrolyte and water imbalance. d) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.

b) Pruritus

A client is scheduled for a renal arteriogram. When the nurse checks the chart for allergies to shellfish or iodine, she finds no allergies recorded. The client is unable to provide the information. During the procedure, the nurse should be alert for which finding that may indicate an allergic reaction to the dye used during the arteriogram? a) Unusually smooth skin b) Pruritus c) Hypoventilation d) Increased alertness

c) Asses the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding.

A patient has undergone a renal biopsy. After the test, while the patient is resting, the patient complains of severe pain in the back, arms, and shoulders. Which of the following appropriate nursing interventions should be offered by the nurse? a) Enable the patient to sit up and ambulate. b) Distract the patient's attention from the pain. c) Asses the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding. d) Provide analgesics to the patient.

c) Creatinine clearance level

A patient is being seen in the clinic for possible kidney disease. What major sensitive indicator of kidney disease does the nurse anticipate the patient will be tested for? a) Blood urea nitrogen level b) Serum potassium level c) Creatinine clearance level d) Uric acid level

b) Bladder ultrasonography

A patient is having a problem with retention of urine in the bladder. Which of the following diagnostic tests measures the amount of residual urine in the bladder? a) Nuclear scan b) Bladder ultrasonography c) IV urography d) Cystography

d) "I am allergic to shrimp."

A patient is scheduled for a test with contrast to determine kidney function. What statement made by the patient should the nurse inform the physician about prior to testing? a) "I have had a test similar to this one in the past." b) "I take medication to help me sleep at night." c) "I don't like needles." d) "I am allergic to shrimp."

b) The client voids 75 cc four hours post cystoscopy.

Which nursing assessment finding indicates the client has not met expected outcomes? a) The client consumes 75% of lunch following an intravenous pyelogram. b) The client voids 75 cc four hours post cystoscopy. c) The client reports a pain rating of 3 two hours post-kidney biopsy. d) The client has blood-tinged urine following brush biopsy.

d) Oliguria

Which term best describes a total urine output of less than 500 mL in 24 hours? a) Nocturia b) Polyuria c) Dysuria d) Oliguria

d) Assist with warm sitz baths.

Following a cystoscopy, the client has a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to the trauma of the procedure to the urinary tract. An appropriate nursing intervention is to: a) Monitor for urinary retention. b) Administer prescribed antibiotics. c) Apply moist heat to the flank area. d) Assist with warm sitz baths.

c) Potassium

Retention of which electrolyte is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure? a) Calcium b) Phosphorous c) Potassium d) Sodium

b) Computed tomography with contrast

The nurse is assessing a client at the diagnostic imaging center. For which diagnostic test would the client assess for an allergy to shellfish? a) Cystoscopy b) Computed tomography with contrast c) Radiography d) Bladder ultrasonography

a) The cost vertebral angle

The nurse is caring for a client who has presented to the walk-in clinic. The client verbalizes pain on urination, feelings of fatigue, and diffuse back pain. When completing a head-to-toe assessment, at which specific location would the nurse assess the client's kidneys for tenderness? a) The cost vertebral angle b) The upper abdominal quadrants on the left and right side c) Above the symphysis pubis d) Around the umbilicus

b) Blood-tinged urine

The nurse is caring for a patient following a cystoscopic examination. Following the procedure, the nurse informs the patient that which of the following may occur? a) Nausea and emesis b) Blood-tinged urine c) Severe abdominal pain d) Diarrhea

d) A dull sound when percussing over the bladder

The nurse is completing a full exam of the renal system. Which assessment finding best documents the need to offer the use of the bathroom? a) Tenderness over the kidneys b) The ingestion of 8 oz of water c) Bruits noted over the abdominal area d) A dull sound when percussing over the bladder

b) Decreased fluid intake

The nurse is completing a routine urinalysis using a dipstick. The test reveals an increased specific gravity. The nurse should suspect which of the following? a) Increased fluid intake b) Decreased fluid intake c) Diabetes insipidus d) Glomerulonephritis

b) Drink liberal amounts of fluids.

The nurse is preparing a patient for a nuclear scan of the kidneys. Following the procedure, the nurse will instruct the patient to complete which of the following? a) Notify the health care team if bloody urine is noted. b) Drink liberal amounts of fluids. c) Maintain bed rest for 2 hours. d) Carefully handle urine as it is radioactive.

d) "I took my blood pressure medication with my morning coffee an hour ago."

The nurse is preparing the client for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the kidney. Which statement by the client requires action by the nurse? a) "I do not have a pacemaker, artificial heart valve, or artificial joints." b) "I did not take my multivitamin this morning." c) "I had my last cigarette 3 hours ago with my morning coffee." d) "I took my blood pressure medication with my morning coffee an hour ago."

b) Bleeding

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a kidney biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following? a) Dehydration b) Bleeding c) Infection d) Allergic reaction

d) Intake of medication such as phenytoin (Dilantin)

The nurse observes the patient's urine to be orange. Which additional assessment would be important for this patient? a) Infection b) Intake of multiple vitamin preparations c) Bleeding d) Intake of medication such as phenytoin (Dilantin)

b) Kidney stones

The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following? a) Fistula b) Kidney stones c) Neurogenic bladder d) Chronic renal failure

a) oliguria.

The term used to describe total urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours is a) oliguria. b) dysuria. c) nocturia. d) anuria.

d) Detrusor muscle

The wall of the bladder is comprised of four layers. Which of the following is the layer responsible for micturition? a) Submucosal layer of connective tissue b) Inner layer of epithelium c) Adventitia (connective tissue) d) Detrusor muscle

c) Control of water balance

When describing the functions of the kidney to a client, which of the following would the nurse include? a) Secretion of enzymes b) Regulation of white blood cell production c) Control of water balance d) Synthesis of vitamin K