Nclex review

rational 4

Vaginal secretions increase and have a higher level of glycogen. Chadwick's sign is a bluish discoloration of the vagina caused by increased vascular congestion. The vaginal mucosa thickens. The vaginal secretions become acidic to prevent infections.

rational 3

Epispadias is a congenital defect that involves the abnormal placement of the urethral orifice of the penis. In clients with this condition, the urethral opening is located anywhere on the dorsum of the penis. This anatomical characteristic leads to the easy access of bacterial entry into the urine. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not characteristically noted with this condition.

rational 7

Epoetin alfa is an erythropoietic growth factor and generally is well tolerated, although hypertension can occur and is the most significant adverse effect. Occasionally, tachycardia also may occur as a side effect and may cause an improved sense of well-being. Fever, depression, and bradycardia are not adverse effects of epoetin alfa.

A client who has successfully adjusted to a colostomy declines the invitation to speak to a support group on the subject of alteration in body image. The client reports an extreme fear of public speaking. The nurse recognizes that this client is suffering from social phobia. Which are some other manifestations of social phobias? Select all that apply.

1. Performing badly on stage 2. Looking awkward while eating or drinking in public 3. Not being able to answer questions in a classroom 4. Fear of saying something that sounds foolish in public

The nurse is assisting in preparing to care for a child with a brain tumor who will be returning from the recovery room following debulking of the tumor. Which item should the nurse place at the bedside in preparation for the child's return from surgery?

A cooling blanket

rational 6

Common law results from judicial decisions made in courts when individual legal cases are decided. Malpractice, informed consent, and a client's right to refuse treatment all came from legal decisions. Statutory laws are created by elected legislative bodies. The nurse practice act arises from each state's statutory law and the Americans with Disabilities Act arises from Federal statutory law.

The licensed practical nurse knows that which items are examples of common law? Select all that apply.

1. Malpractice 2. Informed consent 3. Client's right to refuse treatment

A client receiving long-term therapy with lithium carbonate has a toxic serum lithium level of 1.5 and 2 mEq/L. Which organ functions are the major long-term risk factors? Select all that apply.

1. Renal function 2. Thyroid function

The primary health care provider is performing a vaginal examination on a pregnant woman. Which assessments are considered to be normal physiological changes in the vagina? Select all that apply.

1. The primary health care provider is performing a vaginal examination on a pregnant woman. Which assessments are considered to be normal physiological changes in the vagina? Select all that apply. 2. Bluish discoloration of the vagina. 3. Higher levels of glycogen in vaginal secretions.

The nurse arrives at the scene of a code and begins to assist in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an adult client. The nurse knows that interruptions in performing chest compressions should be limited to less than how many seconds?

10

The nurse is preparing to feed a 1-year-old hospitalized child. The nurse prepares the amount of formula to be given to this child, knowing that generally a 1-year-old consumes approximately which amount?

175 mL per feeding

A client is brought to the emergency department with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which finding should the nurse note as being consistent with this diagnosis?

High serum glucose level and low serum bicarbonate level

A client in renal failure is receiving epoetin alfa. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effect of this medication?

Hypertension

rational 9

When performing CPR, interruptions should be limited to less than 10 seconds (i.e., rotating compressors, delivering shock, pulse check). Five seconds would not give adequate time to deliver a shock and take pulse checks. The other options are too lengthy to limit chest compressions.

rational 1

n DKA the blood glucose level is higher than 250 mg/dL, and ketones are present in the blood and urine. The arterial pH is low (less than 7.35.) The plasma bicarbonate is also low. The client would exhibit polyuria and Kussmaul's respirations. The potassium level usually is elevated as a result of dehydration.

rational 5

The most common sign of bladder cancer is painless, intermittent hematuria. Other signs and symptoms include bladder irritability; infection, with dysuria, frequency, and urgency; and decreased stream of urine. Headache is not associated with bladder cancer and dull ache in the flank area is associated with renal cancer.

The nurse is collecting data from a client with a history of bladder cancer. Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect the client to report? Select all that apply.

1. Dysuria 2. Hematuria 3. Urgency of urination 4. Frequency of urination

The nurse is teaching the client with angina pectoris about disease management and lifestyle changes that are necessary in order to control disease progression. Which statements by the client indicate a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

1. I am going to switch to electronic cigarettes." 2. "It is best to exercise once a week for an hour."

The nurse collects a urine specimen preoperatively from a child with epispadias who is scheduled for surgical repair. The nurse reviews the child's record for the laboratory results of the urine test and would most likely expect to note which finding?

Bacteriuria

rational 8

Basal cell carcinoma appears as a pearly papule with a central crater and a rolled, waxy border. A melanoma is an irregularly shaped pigmented papule or plaque with a red, white, or blue color. Squamous cell carcinoma is a firm nodular lesion that is topped with a crust or a central area of ulceration. Actinic keratosis, which is a premalignant lesion, appears as a small macule or papule with a dry, rough, adherent yellow or brown scale.

The nurse is reviewing the health care record of a client with a lesion that has been diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma. The nurse should expect which characteristics of this type of lesion to be documented in the client's record? Select all that apply.

1. Lesion has a waxy border 2. An irregularly shaped lesion

rational 2

A 1-year-old child consumes approximately 175 mL (6 ounces) of formula per feeding. Options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect.