NDFS Chpt 02- SmartBook Work

Observational epidemiological research includes...

1. Case-control studies. 2. Cohort studies.

Rank the following steps of the Scientific Method beginning with making observations that generate questions.

1. Make observations and generate questions 2. Formulate a hypothesis 3. Develop research experiments 4. Analysis of research and interpretation 5. Share results with peers 6. Conduct more research to confirm results

Cohort studies can be retrospective or ___.

Prospective

It is easier to ______.

disprove a hypothesis as being untrue than to verify one as true

A person in a scientific experiment who receives a non-placebo drug is a member of ____ group.

treatment, experimental

A control group is important for which of the following reasons?

1. It allows scientists to determine if a treatment had an effect. 2. It enables scientists to control the influence of control variables unrelated to the study. 3. It is important to the validity and accuracy of an experiment.

The study of dietary and disease patterns among various populations is referred to as ______.

Epidemiology

The study of the occurrence, distribution, and factors that may contribute to health problems in populations.

Epidemiology

Nutrition scientists conduct _____ epidemiological studies to obtain information about health conditions that may result from specific dietary practices.

Experimental

When scientists suggest possible explanations for a natural phenomenon, these are called___?

Hypothesis

An anecdote ______ considered scientific evidence.

IS NOT

What is the first step in the scientific method?

Observation of a natural phenomenon

A member of a treatment group...?

Receives a medication or exercise that is being evaluated.

What is the term used to describe a study that looks forward in time? Back in time?

Retrospective

A(n) ______ is a factor, such as a person's age, weight, or environment, that can change and influence an outcome.

variable

When a friend tells you she is taking a vitamin B complex supplement and she feels more energetic as a result, she is sharing ____, or a report of a personal experience.

Anecdote

Observational epidemiological studies cannot establish ______.

Causation

When two variables have a relationship they are said to be in ____ with each other but you cannot say there is a cause and effect relationship.

Correlation

The study of dietary and disease patterns among various populations is known as ____?

Epidemiology

A(n) ____ is a systematic way of testing a hypothesis.

Experiment