Network Security

Which of the following statements are true for artificial intelligence (AI)? [Choose all that apply]`

A self-driving car is an example of AI Machine Learning or ML is a subset of AI AI focuses on the broad idea of making a system execute a task

directory listing

An application lists all the files and subdirectories in its web folder. This indicates which of the following weaknesses on the application?

Embedded system

Are devices that contain a central processing unit of their own. This CPU runs an operating system and some applications to perform certain specialized functions. Examples of embedded systems include: Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) Printers Digital watches

Man in the browser

At attack that infects vulnerable web browsers. It can allow the attacker to capture browser session data, including keystrokes. Usually begins with a trojan infecting the computer and installing an extension.

Session Hijacking

Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier which allows an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions, describes which of the following

Layer 2 attacks

Data Link Layer (transfers data frames b/n systems) A compromise at layer 2 can affect the entire communication - Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) poisoning - Media access control (MAC) flooding - MAC cloning

Development

In which type of software environment are you most likely to find Microsoft Visual Studio and Eclipse?

Fork Bomb

Is a virus that goes into an infinite loop that does not stop.

Visual Basic for

Is an event driven Microsoft programming language. refers to a programming language you can use to create macros. It is a descendant of the BASIC programming language that is used in all Office products, as well as some other types of software.

DNS hijacking

Is intended to infect an external DNS server with IP addresses that point to malicious sites. attacker sets up a rogue DNS server that responds to legitimate requests with IP addresses for malicious or non-existent websites

worm

Known as a network virus

Media Access Control (MAC) attacks

MAC cloning - threat actors discover a valid MAC address of a device connected to a switch. they spoof the address on the switch changes its MAC address

Session Replay

Makes a copy of legitimate transmission before sending it to the recipent. Attackers use the copy at a later time

6NF sixth normal form

What is the highest level of normalization that you can achieve with a database?

error based sql injection

Which of the following attack type confirms the vulnerability by revealing database-specific exceptions or error messages to the end-user or attacker?

CSRF(Cross-Site Request Forgery)

Which of the following attacks is based on the principle that when a user is currently authenticated on a website and then loads another webpage, the new page inherits the identity and privileges of the first website?

Dynamic link library injection attack (DLL)

Which of the following attacks targets the external software component that is a repository of both code and data?

cross site scripting

Which of the following enables attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users?

path traversal

Which of the following is also known as a "dot dot slash" attack?

Until loop

Which of the following loop runs until a statement becomes true?

Server-side request forgery

Which of the following manipulates the trusting relationship between web servers?

horizontal privilege escalation

Which of the following provides unauthorized access to another user's system resources or application files at the same level/role within an organization?

You can add more resources to the system to gain optimal application performance

Which of the following statements is true for the scalability of a system?

buffer overflow

Which type of attack occurs if an application overruns the allocated buffer boundary and writes to adjacent memory locations?

fileless virus

Which type of malware relies on LOLBins?

Capture and Replay tools

Wireshark - popular GUI packet capture and analysis tool Tcpdump- command line packet analyzer Tcpreplay- tool for editing packets and then replaying the packets back onto the network to observe their behavior

Check out the existing code

You have a version control system installed. Several developers work with this system. A new developer wants to work on the code. What is the first task that the developer must perform?

field prgrammable gate array (FPGA)

a programmable chip that does not have any pre-programmed functions, unlike many other chips. It can be programmed as required. When FPGA needs to be used, it needs to be first programmed and configured as per need. For example, any chip that you find in a system or any device has a pre-defined function.

What is the file extension for a Cryptographic Message Syntax Standard based on PKCS#7 that defines a generic syntax for defining digital signature and encryption? a. .P7B b. .cer c. .P12 d. .xdr

a. .P7B

What is the name of the device protected by a digital certificate? a. CN b. TLXS c. RCR d. V2X2

a. CN

Which block cipher mode of operating requires that both the message sender and receiver access a counter that computes a new value whenever a ciphertext block is exchanged? a. CTR b. CN c. CD d. CXL

a. CTR

What is the strongest technology that would assure Alice that Bob is the sender of a message? a. Digital signature b. Encrypted signature c. Digest d. Digital certificate

a. Digital certificate

How is confidentiality achieved through IPsec? a. ESP b. AHA c. ISAKMP d. AuthX

a. ESP

Denial of service attack

attack is deliberate attempt to prevent authorized users from accessing a system by overwhelming it with requests. Distrubted denial of service (DDos)- Using hundreds or thousands of devices flooding the server with requests.

What is the name of the fields in an X.509 digital certificate that are used when the parties negotiate a secure connection? a. Electronic Code Book (ECB) repositories b. Certificate attributes c. CTR d. PFX

b. Certificate attributes

What entity calls in crypto modules to perform cryptographic tasks? a. Certificate Authority (CA) b. Crypto service provider c. Intermediate CA d. OCSP

b. Crypto service provider

Which refers to a situation in which keys are managed by a third party, such as a trusted CA? a. Key authorization b. Key escrow c. Remote key administration d. Trusted key authority

b. Key escrow

Who verifies the authenticity of a CSR? a. Certificate signatory b. Registration authority c. Certificate authority d. Signature authority

b. Registration authority

Which is a protocol for securely accessing a remote computer in order to issue a command? a. Transport Layer Security (TLS) b. Secure Shell (SSH) c. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) d. Secure Hypertext Transport Protocol (SHTTP)

b. Secure Shell (SSH)

A USB can be used to drop which of the following types of malware? [Choose all that apply]

backdoor, trojan, keyboard loggers, worms

Which of the following type of attack is a pre-cursor to the collision attack?

birthday

Password spraying cyber-attack can be categorized as which of the following type of attack?

brute force

Which of the following is NOT a means by which a newly approved root digital certificate is distributed? a. Pinning b. OS updates c. Application updates d. Web browser updates

c. Application updates

Elton needs his application to perform a real-time lookup of a digital certificate's status. Which technology would he use? a. Certificate Revocation List (CRL) b. Real-Time CA Verification (RTCAV) c. Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) d. Staple

c. Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)

_________________ are symmetric keys to encrypt and decrypt information exchanged during the session and to verify its integrity. a. Digital digests b. Encrypted signatures c. Session keys d. Digital certificates

c. Session keys

Olivia is explaining to a friend about digital certificates. Her friend asks what two entities a digital certificate associates or binds together. What would Olivia say? a. The users' symmetric key with the public key b. The users' public key with their private key c. The users' identity with their public key d. A private key with a digital signature

c. The users' identity with their public key

What is the purpose of certificate chaining? a. To ensure that a web browser has the latest root certificate updates b. To look up the name of intermediate RA c. To group and verify digital certificates d. To hash the private key

c. To group and verify digital certificates

Which of the following can a digital certificate NOT be used for? a. To encrypt messages for secure email communications b. To encrypt channels to provide secure communication between clients and servers c. To verify the authenticity of the CA d. To verify the identity of clients and servers on the web

c. To verify the authenticity of the CA

Juan needs a certificate that must only authenticate that a specific organization has the right to use a particular domain name. What type of certificate does he need? a. Website validation b. Root c. Extended validation d. Domain validation

c.Domain validation

Which of the following attacks is based on a website accepting user input without sanitizing it?

cross site scripting XSS

Which is an IPsec protocol that authenticates that packets received were sent from the source? a. PXP b. DER c. CER d. AH

d. AH (Authentication Header)

A centralized directory of digital certificates is called a(n) _________________. a. Digital signature permitted authorization (DSPA) b. Authorized digital signature (ADS) c. Digital signature approval list (DSAP) d. Certificate repository (CR)

d. Certificate repository (CR)

Which is the first step in a key exchange? a. The browser generates a random value ("pre-master secret"). b. The web server sends a message ("ServerHello") to the client. c. The web browser verifies the server certificate. d. The web browser sends a message ("ClientHello") to the server.

d. The web browser sends a message ("ClientHello") to the server.

Domain Name System

is a name system for matching computer names and ip addresses. A dns based attack subsitiutes a DNS address so that the computer is silently redirected to a different device. URL redirction and Domain reputation are two consequences.

Dns poisoning

modifies a local lookup table on a device to point to a different domain. Two locations for DNS poisoning local host table and external DNS server

PUP

potenially unwanted program or potentially unwanted application

Bash

programming language interpreter for linux/unix OS. Used to create BASH scripts

Python

programming language that can run on several platforms.

Which of the following malware does not harm the system but only targets the data?

ranomware

PowerShell

task automation tool from Microsoft. Administrative tasks are performed by cmdlets, which are specialized .NET classes that implement a specific operation PowerShell allows attackers to inject code from the Powershell environment into other processes without first storing any malicious code on the hard disk.

Keyloggers

tools that log user activity by capturing keystrokes, collecting screenshots, and recording application windows opened by a user.