New Testament Survey Exam 1
The prologue of the Fourth Gospel uses what title to refer to Jesus?
I Am
What is the time in Jewish history between the return from the Babylonian Exile (515 BCE) and the destruction of the Jerusalem temple (70 CE) called?
The second temple Judaism
What is a pronouncement story?
climactic stories that end in a punch line or important anecdote/teaching
Which Gospel is the only one to refer "the church" or ekklesia?
luke
Who, according to Papias, was the interpreter of Peter?
mark page 128
In John's Gospel, to whom does the term "the world" refer?
people who don't accept Jesus
How does the Gospel of Mark end?
the longer ending
What do the women in the genealogy, Jesus' escape to Egypt, and the Magi demonstrate in Matthew?
nobody is perfect and Jesus didn't come from a "pure" lineage
What social groups are of special concern to Luke?
outcasts, marginalized, and oppressed people
The Gospel of Matthew was probably written in what place and time?
70 CE
What are some of the methods Jesus' used in his teaching?
-Hyperboles -puns -metaphors -proverbs -parables -prophetic acts
Give examples of Mark's focus on the human portrayal of Jesus
-he portrays him as frail, hungry, and exhibiting a range of human emotions
What are some characteristics of the genre of New Testament Gospel?
-parables -miracle stories -pronouncement stories -sayings of Jesus -passion and resurrection narratives
What are the differences between John and the Synoptic Gospels?
-synoptic have parables/John has long discourses -John doesn't include temptation, exorcisms, the transfiguration, and the Lord's supper
What famous parables appear only in Luke?
-the good samaratin -the prodigal son -Jesus' encounter with Zacheeaus
According to the textbook, what are the major social and religious features of the Hellenistic world that impacted the Jewish diaspora in the first century?
-they started to seek religious practices in the synagogues rather than the temple -hebrew wasn't their language, they took up Aramaic -reclining at meals
In what year was the New Testament canon finalized by the Council of Carthage?
397 CE
Why did Martin Kähler described Mark's Gospel as "a passion narrative with an extended introduction"?
A greater percentage of the Gospel of Mark is devoted to the Passion, and everything else leads up to it
What Seleucid ruler sought to impose Greek religion and culture on the Jews in the second century BCE?
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
In Matthew, which word means "God is with us"?
Emmanuel
Which dynasty (established by the Maccabees) ruled the Jewish state for about a century prior to conquest by the Roman Empire in 63 BCE?
Hasmonean Dynasty
What is a "low Christology"?
Jesus' suffering death is emphasized
Which Gospel emphasizes the theme of salvation as liberation in the present?
John
Which Gospel has no parables?
John
Which Gospel is traditionally known as the "spiritual gospel?
John
Which Gospel uses the motif of food to demonstrate forgiveness, reconciliation, and other themes?
John
What stories are unique to John's Gospel?
John adds new material slide
Which Gospel contains the story of Jesus and Zaccheus?
Luke
What is the name of the Christian who lived in the second century and created a canon that consisted of the Gospel of Luke and a collection of Paul's letters?
Marcion
Which Gospel uses intercalation or "sandwich technique"?
Mark
Which Gospel most obviously portrays the disciples as clueless and unfaithful?
Matthew
In which chapters of which Gospel can we find the Sermon on the Mount?
Matthew 5-7
What Old Testament figure does Matthew purposely compare Jesus to throughout his Gospel?
Moses
Which Greek word refers to the second coming of Christ?
Parousia
What are the characteristics of the Pharisees, Sadducess, and Essenes?
Pharisees -deeply pious -incorporated temple purity law into everyday lives -usually mentioned as primary opponents of Jesus Sadducees -most powerful group -educated, wealthy, politically connected elites -controlled the temple system Essenes -not mentioned in the Bible - separated themselves and formed a community in the desert -known for their strict dietary laws
Which Jewish groups were living in Jerusalem at the time of Herod the Great?
Pharisees, sadducees, and the Essenes
What is text criticism?
Reconstructing early christian manuscripts
To what kind of audience was Mark writing his Gospel?
a Gentile community
What is a canon?
a list of books considered to be authoritative scripture by a particular religious community
How does Matthew emphasize discipleship in his Gospel?
hardships will occur but it will be worth it
What are the characteristics of Apocalypticism?
in the book on page 34-35
What does "synoptic" mean and what are the Synoptic Gospels?
seeing together
What are the characteristics of Jesus' ministry on earth?
teaching that the Kingdom of God is near and that he is there to be the law not to make new law
What did Jesus mean when he preached that "God's kingdom is near"?
that the second coming of christ is coming soon
Which disciple unseats Peter and is presented as the disciple closest to Jesus in John's Gospel?
the beloved disciple (John)
How do scholars characterize the author of Luke's Gospel?
the beloved physician
How does the Gospel of Mark end (according to the best manuscripts)?
the shorter ending
What is redaction criticism?
was an attempt to determine the intent of the new testament page 56
What is the Apocrypha?
writings that were not accepted as part of the canon