NFS 1110 CH 7

Which of the following does NOT increase in an individual's basal metabolic rate? a. Increasing age over 50 b. An increase in muscle mass c. An increase in body weight d. Running a fever

a. Increasing age over 50

If a serving of tuna contains 1 gram fat, 0 carbohydrates and contains 69 calories, how many grams of protein are in one serving? a. 15 b. 30 c. 44 d. 60

a. 15

To determine how many kcalories are in a food item, the food undergoes combustion in a chamber surrounded by water. What information is most important to know in order to establish the caloric content of the food item? a. Change in temperature of the water surrounding the chamber b. Volume of the food item c. Surface area of the food item d. Density of water surrounding the chamber

a. Change in temperature of the water surrounding the chamber

______________ is produced in the stomach and stimulates food intake. a. Ghrelin b. Cholecystokinin c. Peptide PYY d. Gastrin

a. Ghrelin

Which is TRUE regarding the disadvantages of using Body Mass Index as a means of assessing chronic disease risk? a. Someone with a large amount of muscle mass will have a high BMI. b. BMI uses measurements which are cumbersome to obtain. c. Calculating BMI is relatively expensive. d. BMI calculations for men and women require different formulas.

a. Someone with a large amount of muscle mass will have a high BMI.

The energy content of a food is determined: a. by bomb calorimetry. b. with a specially adapted convection oven. c. using an indirect calorimeter. d. by underwater volumetric analysis.

a. by bomb calorimetry.

Which type of calorimetry used for measuring energy expenditure quantifies heat production? a. Direct b. Indirect c. Thermic d. Bomb

a. direct

A common problem associated with losing weight by drinking only low kcalorie weight loss products is: a. eating habits are not changed. b. the formula is available by prescription only, making the program inconvenient. c. formula plans are expensive. d. mixing the formulas require extensive calculation.

a. eating habits are not changed.

The amount of visceral fat is best determined by: a. sophisticated imaging methods such as DXA. b. dilution methods. c. skinfold thickness. d. underwater weighing.

a. sophisticated imaging methods such as DXA.

David would like to lose weight. His energy needs are 2400 kcal/day. If he eats ~1900 kcals/day, in four weeks approximately how much weight will David have lost? a. 2 pounds b. 4 pounds c. 9 pounds d. 12 pounds

b. 4 pounds

As dietary nutrients are broken down to provide energy they are all converted to which metabolic intermediate? a. Pyruvate b. Acetyl CoA c. Lactate d. Ketone bodies

b. Acetyl CoA

Which statement about the relationship of obesity to activity is correct? a. Lean people use fewer calories for NEAT. b. Individuals with the most body fat tend to have the lowest levels of overall activity. c. When normal weight individuals are overfed, they all respond with similar increases in unplanned activity. d. Involuntary activity typically burns <100 kcal /day.

b. Individuals with the most body fat tend to have the lowest levels of overall activity.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. A waist measurement >40 inches in men indicates a health risk. b. The distribution of fat in a person is determined by primarily by exercise habits. c. A waist measurement >35 inches in women indicates a health risk. d. Visceral fat storage is more common in men than in women.

b. The distribution of fat in a person is determined by primarily by exercise habits.

The three components of energy expenditure are: a. basal metabolism, energy consumption and protein metabolism. b. basal metabolism, physical activity and diet-induced thermogenesis. c. basal metabolism, resting heat conductance and consumptive capacity. d. physical activity, sleeping and eating.

b. basal metabolism, physical activity and diet-induced thermogenesis.

The recommended approach to dealing with overweight children is to: a. strictly limit kcalorie intake. b. encourage physical activity and moderate kcalorie intake. c. institute moderate levels of drug therapy. d. encourage liquid weight loss products at lunch.

b. encourage physical activity and moderate kcalorie intake.

If no food is eaten for more than a few hours, gluconeogenesis occurs, forming glucose from: a. stored amino acids. b. functioning body protein. c. fatty acid deposits in adipose tissue. d. glycogen stores.

b. functioning body protein

According to BMI criteria, an individual with a body mass index (BMI) of 22 would be defined as: a. underweight. b. healthy weight. c. overweight. d. obese.

b. healthy weight.

What is the total energy content of a serving of granola that contains 7 grams of fat, 40 grams of carbohydrate and 4 grams of protein? a. 51 kcals b. 145 kcals c. 239 kcals d. 319 kcals

c. 239

Basal metabolism in a typical person accounts for approximately what percentage of total energy expenditure? a. 10-25 b. 40-55 c. 60-75 d. >90

c. 60-75

Which of the following does not affect basal metabolic rate? a. Gender b. Lean body mass c. Level of physical activity d. Age

c. Level of physical activity

What is TRUE about low-fat diets for weight loss? a. They tend to provide a smaller volume of food for less energy. b. Low-fat foods are low in kcalories. c. Low-fat diets satisfy hunger after less energy is consumed. d. Kcalories from dietary fat are stored less efficiently than excess kcalories from carbohydrate

c. Low-fat diets satisfy hunger after less energy is consumed.

Which guideline about weight loss is correct? a. All individuals with a BMI >25 should lose weight. b. If a child is obese, weight should be lost as quickly as possible so it doesn't interfere with development. c. Most people can reduce health risks with a 5-15% weight loss. d. The health benefits of weight loss do not begin to accrue until normal weight is achieved.

c. Most people can reduce health risks with a 5-15 percent weight loss.

Which statement about obesity genes is FALSE? a. Abnormal obesity genes result in abnormal amounts of body fat. b. Obesity genes encode proteins. c. Obesity genes are the main culprit behind rising obesity levels. d. Obesity genes regulate food intake, energy expenditure or the deposition of body fat.

c. Obesity genes are the main culprit behind rising obesity levels.

What is TRUE about the location of the body fat on health risk? a. Visceral fat is associated with a lower incidence of heart disease. b. Subcutaneous fat carries a higher health risk than visceral fat. c. People who carry fat in the hips and lower body have more subcutaneous fat. d. Visceral fat storage is more common in women than in men.

c. People who carry fat in the hips and lower body have more subcutaneous fat.

Which statement about the relationship of obesity to "thrifty metabolism" is FALSE? a. It allows more efficient energy use and fat storage. b. Those who inherited "thrifty genes" are more likely to be obese. c. Restricting food intake normally increases energy expenditure. d. Thrifty metabolism may have evolved to prevent starvation.

c. Restricting food intake normally increases energy expenditure.

Long term healthy weight loss is based on all the following principles EXCEPT: a. increasing physical activity. b. adopting lifelong changes in eating habits. c. eating foods in the "right" combinations to burn more calories. d. moderate portion sizes.

c. eating foods in the "right" combinations to burn more calories.

Being underweight: a. is always the result of an eating disorder. b. is never a concern since people suffer no health risks. c. is associated with an increased risk of early death. d. is an unnatural condition that should always be remedied.

c. is associated with an increased risk of early death.

Indirect calorimetry measures ______________and ______________ to estimate energy expenditure. a. food consumed, heat produced b. food consumed, water excreted c. oxygen consumed, carbon dioxide expired d. oxygen consumed, sweat produced

c. oxygen consumed, carbon dioxide expired

Which statement about BMI is correct? a. A BMI of 16-22 is defined as a healthy body weight. b. BMI is an excellent tool for predicting health risks for all body types. c. A BMI of <20 is classified as underweight. d. A BMI over 30 is considered obese.

d. A BMI over 30 is considered obese.

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of: a. gallbladder disease. b. sleep apnea. c. arthritis. d. All of these choices are correct.

d. All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following does NOT help to explain why Americans are now eating more kcals than 30 years ago? a. Appetite is often triggered by ads for foods or the easy accessibility of foods. b. Average portion sizes have increased in homes and restaurants. c. People tend to eat in units regardless of the size of the unit. d. Genetic changes over the last 3 decades have led to Americans being hungrier.

d. Genetic changes over the last 3 decades have led to Americans being hungrier.

Which statement about weight-loss surgeries is true? a. They may be appropriate for a person with a BMI greater than or equal to 26kg/m2 b. They are recommended for people who are able to perform daily activities. c. They alter the GI tract to increase nutrient absorption. d. Success requires a permanent change in eating habits.

d. Success requires a permanent change in eating habits.

What is TRUE about leptin levels in an obese individual? a. Leptin is secreted when blood glucose levels drop. b. Circulating insulin is inversely related to the amount of body fat. c. Leptin levels are controlled by calorie intake and energy expenditure. d. The amount of leptin is secreted in proportion to the amount of body fat.

d. The amount of leptin is secreted in proportion to the amount of body fat.

Which of the following types of people would benefit most from weight loss? Select one: a. Overweight and obese women at the beginning of their pregnancy. b. A person with a Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeds 28 kg/m2. c. No answer is correct d. A person with high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels. e. A person with other risk factors associated with excess body fat.

e. A person with other risk factors associated with excess body fat.