NFS 1110 Chapter 2 Questions

To manage weight and prevent unhealthy weight gain, the MyPlate guide recommends: A. a minimum of 150 minutes of activity weekly B. 30 minutes most days of the week. C. 60 minutes 3 days of the week. D. 75-100 minutes of vigorous activity every 10 days.

A. a minimum of 150 minutes of activity weekly

What are the factors used to calculate the Estimated Energy Requirements (EERs)? A. age, gender, weight, height, activity B. age, macronutrient intakes, activity C. gender, weight, height, ethnicity D. age, weight, height, state of health

A. age, gender, weight, height, activity

Empty calories are: A. from added sugars and/or solid fats. B. contributed by junk foods and are completely banned in a healthy diet. C. suggested to be limited to ≤ 50% of the kcals in a healthy diet. D. the kcals consumed when an eating plan other than MyPlate is followed.

A. from added sugars and/or solid fats.

The purpose of the AMDRs is to: A. make recommendations for the proportions of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins that make up a healthy diet. B. inform people how to choose from all the different food groups. C. allow individuals to calculate their energy needs and to determine how their diet meets these needs. D. encourage individuals to make healthy food choices.

A. make recommendations for the proportions of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins that make up a healthy diet.

The recommendation of moderation in healthy diets: A. means limiting portion sizes and choosing nutrient-dense foods. B. means choosing nutrient dense foods as often as energy-dense foods. C. relates to consuming moderate amounts of complex carbohydrates. D. All of these statements are true.

A. means limiting portion sizes and choosing nutrient-dense foods.

Which health claim on a food label is NOT allowed? A. Diets low in fat and rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of some types of cancer. B. Diets rich in vitamin C will reduce the incidence of colds and flu. C. Adequate calcium intake throughout life helps maintain bone health and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. D. Diets high in sodium may increase the risk of high blood pressure in some people.

B. Diets rich in vitamin C will reduce the incidence of colds and flu.

Which is TRUE regarding Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs)? A. For some groups, there is an established benefit of consuming nutrients at this level. B. It is a not a recommended level for consumption. C. Consuming nutrients at this level will probably cause adverse health effects. D. The UL is set at the level of intake that causes adverse effects in 5% of the population.

B. It is a not a recommended level for consumption.

What is true about the ingredient list in a food label? A. The ingredients are listed by volume. B. The ingredients are listed by weight. C. The ingredients are standardized by the FDA. D. The FDA proved that the ingredients safe for consumption.

B. The ingredients are listed by weight.

Which of the following is true regarding "qualified" health claims? A. They result from significant scientific agreement B. They must be accompanied by a statement of explanation. C. Their use on food labels does not require FDA approval. D. They can only be used on dietary supplements.

B. They must be accompanied by a statement of explanation.

The variables used to calculate Estimated Energy Requirements include: A. age, BMI, weight and gender. B. age, gender, weight, height, and physical activity level. C. physical activity level, gender and BMI. D. gender, age, weight, physical activity level and proportions of kcals consumed as fats.

B. age, gender, weight, height, and physical activity level.

The focus of the Dietary Guidance has changed in recent years to match A. an increase in overt nutrient deficiencies. B. an increase in chronic diseases such as diabetes. C. an increase in the number of recommended food groups. D. a decrease in the amount of information found on food labels.

B. an increase in chronic diseases such as diabetes.

Choose Your Foods, formerly called Exchange Lists: A. are the basis of MyPlate. B. group foods according to macronutrient and energy content. C. simplify MyPlate for the general population. D. were first developed to help people lose weight.

B. group foods according to macronutrient and energy content.

Which statement regarding foods selected in a restaurant is FALSE? A. A menu item labeled "low fat" must meet the same criteria as a packaged product with a "low fat" label. B. Nutrient claims about menu items must be backed up with appropriate nutrition information. C. A restaurant cannot make a health claim on its menu. D. Restaurants are not required to have food labels unless the establishment has 20 or more locations.

C. A restaurant cannot make a health claim on its menu.

Which is NOT included in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans? A. Limit your intake of saturated fat, cholesterol, and *trans fat*. B. Limit consumption of foods containing refined grains and added sugars. C. Exercise three times a week. D. Balance calories to maintain weight.

C. Exercise three times a week.

Which is the FALSE statement regarding RDAs? A. RDAs recommend amounts of nutrients that can serve as a goal for individual intake. B. The RDAs are one component of the DRIs. C. The EARs are derived from the RDAs. D. RDAs are often used in menu planning.

C. The EARs are derived from the RDAs.

Which of the following statements about the assessment of food intake is FALSE? A. Food frequency questionnaires do not give specific information about an individual's food intake. B. Food records are reliable but individuals may change their usual intake while recording his or her intake. C. The most common error made in reporting food intake is to overestimate portion sizes. D. Food intake records should include one weekend day for greatest accuracy.

C. The most common error made in reporting food intake is to overestimate portion sizes.

What is true about dietary supplements? A. The amounts of ingredients are standardized. B. They are evaluated by U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP). C. They are classified as food and not drugs. D. The FDA proved that they are effective and safe.

C. They are classified as food and not drugs.

Which of the following is true regarding the current Dietary Guidelines for Americans? A. Recommendations are made for specific amounts of individual nutrients. B. The DGA is based on the DRIs. C. They are intended to promote health and reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the risk of chronic disease. D. These recommendations are designed for Americans 19 years and older.

C. They are intended to promote health and reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the risk of chronic disease.

Computer software can be used to analyze diets. The most appropriate time to use a nutrition analysis program would be when: A. checking for a clinical symptom of nutritional deficiency. B. you wanted to know how many third graders in a classroom ate breakfast. C. comparing the planned menu for children in an elementary school to the RDAs. D. determining the estimated energy requirements of senior citizens.

C. comparing the planned menu for children in an elementary school to the RDAs.

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels are most likely to be exceeded when: A. large quantities of food are consumed by highly trained athletes. B. people are recovering from surgery and need more kcalories. C. dietary supplements are taken. D. people eat meat from wild game animals.

C. dietary supplements are taken.

The MyPlate plan separates foods into groups to help Americans apply the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines to their individual diets. These groups are: A. milk, meat, grains, fruits & vegetables, and legumes. B. meat, milk, beans & nuts, grains and fruits, & vegetables. C. fruits, vegetables, grains, protein foods, and dairy. D. grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy and meat, beans & nuts.

C. fruits, vegetables, grains, protein foods, and dairy.

Which of the following methods is MOST likely to provide accurate information about what a person typically eats? A. A computerized food frequency questionnaire B. A 3-day food record that includes a weekend day kept by the individual C. Analyzing all grocery store and restaurant receipts kept over a 60 day time period D. A diet history that includes a 24 hour recall and a food frequency questionnaire

D. A diet history that includes a 24 hour recall and a food frequency questionnaire

Which of the following statements is true about the Daily Values standards? A. DVs help consumers know if a food is a good source of a particular nutrient. B. A DV of 5% or less on a food label indicates that the food is low in that nutrient. C. The DVs may overestimate nutrient needs for some populations but they would never underestimate the requirements for any group. D. All of these statements are true.

D. All of these statements are true.

Which statement about proportionality is true? A. Proportionality means we need to eat more of some types of foods than others. B. Proportionality is represented by the area covered on the MyPlate logo. C. Proportionality indicates that grains, vegetables, fruits, and dairy are the groups from which to eat the most foods. D. All of these statements are true.

D. All of these statements are true.

Scientists currently recommend Nutrition Facts labels include information about which vitamins of concern? a. A & D b. A & E c. A & C d. C & D

a. A & D

______ are used when not enough information is available to establish an EAR for a particular nutrient. a. AIs b. DRIs c. RDAs d. ULs

a. AIs

Nutrition Facts labels contain information about which minerals? a. Calcium and iron b. Calcium and zinc c. Iron and magnesium d. Iron and zinc

a. Calcium and iron

The amount of a nutrient estimated to meet the needs of 50% of people in the same gender and life stage group is the: a. EAR b. RAE c. AI d. RDA

a. EAR

Which is NOT a goal of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? a. Prescribing what a person should eat each day b. Prevention of nutrient deficiencies c. Promotion of healthful eating d. Reduction of chronic diseases

a. Prescribing what a person should eat each day

What is an advantage of using a 24-hour dietary recall for assessing food intake? a. Repeated recalls of the same person are more accurate estimates of typical intake. b. All food consumed must be weighed and measured. c. A written record is required for all food and beverages consumed in a single day. d. They provide a general picture of a person's typical pattern of food intake.

a. Repeated recalls of the same person are more accurate estimates of typical intake.

Which statement about dietary supplements is true? a. The label must include all the ingredients in the dietary supplement. b. All dietary supplements are produced according to the same strict laws that govern drug manufacturing. c. All dietary supplements must be approved by the FDA to ensure safety and effectiveness. d. Dietary supplements cannot be removed from the market once they are introduced.

a. The label must include all the ingredients in the dietary supplement.

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the MyPlate web site? a. The tools on the web site are only applicable to a 2000 kcal dietary requirement. b. Nutrition information can be personalized for individuals. c. The website allows individuals to analyze their diets for energy and nutrient intake. d. The website is of little use to those Americans without internet access.

a. The tools on the web site are only applicable to a 2000 kcal dietary requirement.

Which is NOT an anthropometric measurement? a. blood glucose level b. height c. weight in kilograms d. wrist circumference

a. blood glucose level

How is the order in which ingredients are listed on a food label determined? a. by contribution to total weight b. by contribution to total volume c. by nutrient density d. in alphabetical order

a. by contribution to total weight

The descriptor, Healthy, can legally be used on a food product when the product contains adequate levels of at least one selected nutrient and is low in: a. fat, saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol. b. fat, fiber, and protein. c. fat, sugar, and cholesterol. d. fat, sodium, and protein.

a. fat, saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol.

Food Disappearance Surveys are used to identify: a. general trends in food intake among a population. b. processing losses. c. at-risk groups in the population. d. marketing trends.

a. general trends in food intake among a population.

Which foods or beverages are recommended to be increased in order to maintain and achieve a healthy body weight? a. peas and beans b. cheese and fruits c. fruit drinks d. alcoholic beverages

a. peas and beans

Recommended Dietary Allowances were first published in which decade? a. 1920s b. 1940s c. 1960s d. 1980s

b. 1940s

The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for a selected nutrient would meet the needs of approximately what percentage of individuals in a population? a. 33% b. 50% c. 75% d. 99%

b. 50%

Which of the following statements is true about using the MyPlate Daily Food Plan? a. The amount of grains recommended is expressed in cups. b. Calorie needs are used to determine food group amounts. c. Peas and beans are counted as protein, not vegetables. d. There is no recommendation for fat on MyPlate.

b. Calorie needs are used to determine food group amounts.

Which is typically not found on a Nutrition Facts label? a. Calories from fat b. Calories per serving as compared to comparable products c. Percent daily values for key nutrients d. Serving size

b. Calories per serving as compared to comparable products

Which of the following is true about early nutritional recommendations made in the U.S? a. They were developed in response to widespread obesity during World War II. b. Levels of intake were based on amounts to prevent nutrient deficiencies. c. They were maximal standards to promote growth and development. d. The original dietary standards were the Dietary Reference Intakes.

b. Levels of intake were based on amounts to prevent nutrient deficiencies.

Which is the FALSE statement regarding the MyPlate guidelines? a. No matter your caloric requirements, MyPlate can be effectively used as a guide for eating. b. MyPlate Daily Food Plan does NOT include recommendations for physical activity. c. The amount of the plate covered by each food group is proportional to the amount each group should contribute to a healthy diet. d. MyPlate emphasizes proportionality, variety, moderation, and nutrient density.

b. MyPlate Daily Food Plan does NOT include recommendations for physical activity.

The nutritional analysis of a diet that follows The MyPlate recommendations would most closely resemble which DRI group? a. EARs b. RDAs c. AIs d. ULs

b. RDAs

A question such as "Who does the grocery shopping in your house?" would most appropriately be included in a: a. 24-hour recall. b. diet history. c. food frequency questionnaire. d. food record.

b. diet history.

The Healthy People Initiative: a. is revised every two years. b. encourages community intervention and breast feeding. c. encourages the consumption of a plant-based diet. d. is a plan for adults to avoid chronic disease such as heart disease.

b. encourages community intervention and breast feeding.

Analysis of blood can be used to determine: a. what someone ate the previous day. b. glucose and cholesterol levels. c. an individual's overall nutritional status. d. bone mineral density.

b. glucose and cholesterol levels.

On the MyPlate guide, oils are: a. listed in the fat group. b. included and recommendations are given in teaspoons. c. not given specific consideration. d. considered empty calories.

b. included and recommendations are given in teaspoons.

The current Dietary Guidelines for Americans considers all of the following healthy eating patterns EXCEPT: a. USDA Food Patterns. b. the Asian Cultural Food Consumption Program. c. Mediterranean-style eating pattern. d. the DASH Eating Plan.

b. the Asian Cultural Food Consumption Program.

Daily Values are based on a ______ kcalorie diet. a. 1,000 b. 1,500 c. 2,000 d. 2,500

c. 2,000

Which statement is true about restaurant and vending machine food labeling? a. All restaurants must include calorie counts on their menus. b. Vending machine food does not require food labels. c. Calorie information must be posted at the drive through window of fast food chains. d. Fast food chains must print fat content of foods on the menus.

c. Calorie information must be posted at the drive through window of fast food chains.

How is the nutritional health of populations monitored? a. Compilations of medical records. b. Monitoring of food wastes. c. Comparisons of trends in food intake and health. d. Estimation of food intake among healthy individuals.

c. Comparisons of trends in food intake and health.

Which is the least logical use of information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)? a. Determining priorities for funding government health programs b. Determining effectiveness of existing programs c. Establishing daily requirements for major nutrients in selected population groups d. Planning public policy and goals

c. Establishing daily requirements for major nutrients in selected population groups

Which is NOT a goal or objective of the Healthy People Initiative? a. Eliminating health disparities among Americans b. Decreasing prevalence of obesity among adults c. Increasing the number of formula-fed infants in the U.S. d. Reduction of deaths due to heart disease

c. Increasing the number of formula-fed infants in the U.S.

Which would most likely be used to plan menus for a school breakfast and lunch program? a. AIs b. DRVs c. RDAs d. ULs

c. RDAs

Which of the following is true of structure/function claims? a. FDA approval is required. b. They do NOT have to be accompanied by a disclaimer. c. Some describe a benefit in relation to a nutrient-deficiency disease. d. Common examples are "high fiber and "fat free".

c. Some describe a benefit in relation to a nutrient-deficiency disease.

What do foods in the same exchange list have in common? a. They contain about the same amount of food by weight. b. They contain about the same volume of food. c. They contain about the same number of kilocalories. d. They all contribute about the same amount of vitamins and minerals.

c. They contain about the same number of kilocalories.

What is the purpose of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans? a. They encourage Americans to eat acceptable foods and limit variety. b. They specify amounts of nutrients and food components Americans should consume. c. They suggest overall diet and lifestyle choices to promote health. d. They target people with chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.

c. They suggest overall diet and lifestyle choices to promote health.

How would donuts be categorized in the MyPlate food plan? a. grains & dairy b. protein & grains c. grains & empty calories d. empty calories & vegetables

c. grains & empty calories

A complete nutritional assessment would include all of the following EXCEPT: a. laboratory measurements b. past and present dietary intake information c. setting nutritional goals d. anthropometric measurements

c. setting nutritional goals

The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are estimated to meet the nutrient needs of what percentage of a healthy population group? a. 33% b. 50% c. 75% d. 97-98%

d. 97-98%

A food frequency questionnaire reveals that an individual has very low energy intake. What other information would be needed before a diagnosis of malnutrition could be made? a. Anthropometric measurements b. Medical history c. Physical exam d. All of these analyses would be required.

d. All of these analyses would be required.

Which of the following tools is most accurate in assessing nutritional status? a. 24-hour recall b. Anthropometric measurements c. Food intake record d. Food frequency questionnaire

d. Food frequency questionnaire

A system that scores the average American diet is the: a. Dietary Guidelines. b. Food Guide Pyramid. c. Exchange List. d. Healthy Eating Index.

d. Healthy Eating Index.

Using dietary information provided by ______________ would be the most practical approach to evaluate your own diet. a. Exchange Lists b. Dietary Guidelines for Americans c. DRVs d. MyPlate

d. MyPlate

What is a purpose of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? a. They are nutrient requirements that must be consumed each day. b. They can be used as the standard only for people with chronic disease. c. They include values for different ethnic and occupation groups. d. They expand on the RDAs to address excesses as well as deficiencies.

d. They expand on the RDAs to address excesses as well as deficiencies.

How do the Dietary Guidelines for Americans address the problem of obesity? a. They promote a specific weight reduction program. b. They emphasize that the proportions of macronutrients are important in weight management. c. They recommend at least 60 minutes of intensive vigorous physical activity daily. d. They recommend balancing kilocalories consumed with the kilocalories expended in activity.

d. They recommend balancing kilocalories consumed with the kilocalories expended in activity.

Which of the following is NOT an authorized health claim associating intake with a health consequence? a. Soluble fiber and coronary heart disease b. Dietary fat and cancer risk c. Sodium intake and blood pressure d. Vitamin A intake and risk of cataracts

d. Vitamin A intake and risk of cataracts

A healthy eating pattern emphasizes all of the following EXCEPT: a. nutrient-dense foods b. medium amounts of high protein foods. c. consuming more oil than solid fats d. eating 3 servings of foods containing refined grains per day

d. eating 3 servings of foods containing refined grains per day

The three main categories in the Exchange List are carbohydrate, meat and meat substitutes (protein), and: a. protein b. fiber c. fruits and vegetables d. fat

d. fat