NSG 209 Test #3 HIV and Hypersensitivity practice questions

A client received 2 units of packed red blood cells while in the hospital with rectal bleeding. Three days after discharge, the client experienced an allergic response and began to itch and break out with hives. What type of reaction does the nurse understand could be occurring? -Delayed hypersensitivity response -Anaphylactic reaction -Sensitization -An immediate hypersensitivity response

-Delayed hypersensitivity response

When preparing a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for discharge to home, the nurse should be sure to include which instruction? -"Put on disposable gloves before bathing." -"Sterilize all plates and utensils in boiling water." -"Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors." -"Avoid eating foods from serving dishes shared by other family members."

-"Avoid sharing such articles as toothbrushes and razors."

A nurse who is 6 months pregnant is assigned to a client with a diagnosis of HIV. The nurse tells the manager that she is unable to care for the client because it would be a risk to her baby. Which of the following is the most appropriate statement by the manager? -"I will ask that you be transferred to another unit while you are pregnant so there is no risk to you or your baby." -"There will be no problem with this assignment if you wear a mask and gloves while providing all direct client care." -"You can decrease the risk of exposure to the virus if the client uses disposable plates and utensils when eating." -"You will be OK if you follow standard precautions and use protective equipment to avoid contact with blood and body fluids when providing care."

-"You will be OK if you follow standard precautions and use protective equipment to avoid contact with blood and body fluids when providing care."

A client who has been exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests negative. Which explanation by the nurse would be most appropriate? -"Congratulations, a negative result means that you're not infected with the virus." -"You're one of the lucky ones who are immune to the virus." -"You might still go on to develop AIDS even with negative results." -"Your body may not have developed antibodies yet, so we need to follow up."

-"Your body may not have developed antibodies yet, so we need to follow up."

The nurse has four clients that come to the clinic for healthcare. Which one of these clients has the highest risk factor for HIV infection? -A 46-year-old female who has been in a monogamous relationship for 9 years -A 22-year-old heterosexual male who has had one relationship for 2 years -A 34-year-old female who has donated blood on several occasion -A 26-year-old inmate who receives tattoos in prison

-A 26-year-old inmate who receives tattoos in prison

Which adolescent would the nurse consider at greater risk for developing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? -A teen who lives in crowded housing with poor ventilation -A young sexually active client with multiple partners -A homeless adolescent who lives in a shelter -A young sexually active teen with 1 partner

-A young sexually active client with multiple partners

Ten minutes after receiving a medication, a client's eyes, lips, and face begin to swell, and the nurse hears stridor. What priority measure should the nurse prepare to do? -Intubate the client -Perform an electrocardiogram (ECG) -Assess the client's vital signs -Administer epinephrine

-Administer epinephrine

A nurse has a client at 30 weeks' gestation who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What should the nurse tell the client when she says that she wants to breast-feed her neonate? -Encourage breast-feeding so that the client can get her rest and get healthier. -Encourage breast-feeding because it's healthier for the neonate. -Encourage breast-feeding to facilitate bonding. -Discourage breast-feeding because HIV can be transmitted through breast milk.

-Discourage breast-feeding because HIV can be transmitted through breast milk.

A client who is dying of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit because he attempted suicide. His close friend recently died of AIDS. The client begins to talk about his feelings related to his illness and the loss of his friend. He begins to cry. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? -Give the client some tissues, and tell him it's okay to cry. -Tell the client to stop crying and that everything will be okay. -Sort the client's mail to distract him. -Change the subject.

-Give the client some tissues, and tell him it's okay to cry.

Which of the following is a primary chemical mediator of hypersensitivity? -Serotonin -Bradykinin -Histamine -Heparin

-Histamine

A client presents with an anaphylactic response to unknowingly ingesting nuts at a family celebration. After stabilizing her, you speak with her family and assure them that she will recover. In your nursing management, what was of primary importance to her care upon admission? -Maintaining airway -Inducing vomiting to rid body of allergen -Encourage fluids to dilute allergen -No options are correct

-Maintaining airway

A nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To adhere to standard precautions, the nurse should wear gloves when: -Entering the room -Taking a blood pressure -Providing mouth care -Delivering the client's food tray

-Providing mouth care

An infant is born to a mother who had no prenatal care during her pregnancy. What type of hypersensitivity reaction does the nurse understand may have occurred? -Bacterial endocarditis -Rh-hemolytic disease -Lupus erythematosus -Rheumatoid arthritis

-Rh-hemolytic disease

A nurse is administering a chemotherapeutic medication to a client, who reports generalized itching and then chest tightness and shortness of breath. The nurse immediately -Stops the chemotherapeutic infusion -Administers diphenhydramine (Benadryl) -Gives prednisolone (Solu-medrol) IV -Places the client on oxygen by nasal cannula

-Stops the chemotherapeutic infusion

Emergency treatment for a client with impending anaphylaxis secondary to hypersensitivity to a drug should include which action first? -Insert an IV catheter -Take vital signs -Obtain a Complete Blood Count (CBC) -Administer oxygen

-Administer oxygen

Which of the following is the most severe form of hypersensitivity reaction? -Anaphylaxis -Cytotoxic -Immune complex -Delayed-type

-Anaphylaxis

Which intervention has the most impact in delaying the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) once a client has been infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? -Monthly plasmapheresis -Eating a balanced, nutritious diet -Compliance with the complete therapeutic regimen -Getting adequate rest and sleep

-Compliance with the complete therapeutic regimen

What nursing instruction would best identify foods to which a child is allergic? -Thoughtful elimination of dietary choices -Hyposensitivity testing in the arm -Complete dietary protein restriction -Corticosteroid challenge testing

-Thoughtful elimination of dietary choices