NTR 100 module 2 quiz (ch 3+4)

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the enzyme

amylase

The primary enzyme in saliva is salivary

amylase

Once a bolus of food mixes with gastric juices in the stomach, it becomes

chyme

The most nutritious, high-fiber carbohydrates are

complex carbohydrates

During the process of digestion, ________ are converted to glucose.

disaccharides

The food mass passes through the gastrointestinal tract in this order

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide

energy

Blood glucose levels are regulated by

hormones

Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignins represent

insoluble fiber

Low-carbohydrate diets are linked to

ketosis

Lactose intolerance can be caused by minimal production of

lactase

Starch is the storage form of glucose in ________, glycogen is the storage form in ________.

plants; animals

Nondigestible starch found in plant foods that promotes the growth and health of your GI flora are

prebiotics

The ________ prevents chyme from exiting the stomach too soon and blocks the intestinal contents from returning to the stomach.

pyloric sphincter

villi are located in the

small intestine

This organ mixes, prepares and stores food for digestion

stomach

Individuals who produce less saliva than usual are likely to have trouble

swallowing

The most effective way to normalize blood sugar levels is to have more

vegetables

The fingerlike projections which line the small intestine increase the surface area to maximize absorption and help mix the partially digested chyme with intestinal secretions are

villi

The large intestine absorbs

water