NTRS 418 ch 10

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance program

(SNAP; formerly Food Stamp Program) - entitlement program - redeem for groceries

what is a food bank

Food Banks - provide donated food to nonprofit and charitable groups Feeding America is largest supplier

National School Lunch Program

Lunch → Established under the National School Lunch Act (signed by President Harry Truman in 1946) → Federally assisted meal program operating in public and nonprofit private schools and residential child care institutions. → School lunch must meet meal pattern and nutrition standards based on the latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans (fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) → Includes reimbursement for snacks served to children in afterschool educational and enrichment programs for children up to 18 years old → Children from families with incomes at or below 130 % of the poverty level are eligible for free meals, while Incomes between 130 % and 185 % of the poverty level are eligible for reduced‐price meals (can be charged no more than 40 cents) → Children from families with incomes over 185 percent of poverty pay a full price, though their meals are still subsidized to some extent

Who is most likely to be food insecure? (10)

The poor The working poor - minimum wage is not high enough to prevent poverty The young - half of SNAP recipients are children Ethnic minorities Older adults Single moms Inner-city and rural dwellers Certain southern and western states Farmers The homeless

USDA's labels describe ranges of food security (4)

USDA responsible for 15 food assistance programs High food security (old label=Food security): Marginal food security (old label=Food security): Food Insecurity Low food security (old label=Food insecurity without hunger): Very low food security (old label

Food security -

access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life

Food pantrys

agencies that distribute bags of groceries to people in need

Nutrition Services Incentive Program

commodities to distribution centers for elderly

Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations

commodity foods and nutrition education

The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)

commodity foods to distributing agencies

Older Americans Act Nutrition Program

congregate meals, home-delivered meals

Food Distribution Disaster Assistance

food to relief agencies during emergencies

Food insecurity -

limited or uncertain ability to acquire or consume an adequate quality or sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways

Summer Food Service Program for Children

meals offered at sites to low-income children during summer

How do people become poor?

poverty highest identified reason for food insecurity

Child and Adult Care Food Program

reimburses for food served at care centers - reimburses for food served at care centers → Provides meals and snacks for children and adults in day care centers, making it more affordable for low-income families → Also helps to provide meals for children in emergency shelters and eligible afterschool care programs → Participants' must meet income eligibility guidelines based on income and household size

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

vouchers for food, nutrition education → Serves pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women, infants and children under the age of five who are low to moderate income (up to 185% of the federal poverty level) and at nutrition risk and provides the following: -Breastfeeding promotion and training -Counseling and classes -Nutrition education -Immunization screening and health care referral -WIC's monthly vouchers for food packages/supplemental foods → The purpose of the WIC Program is to prevent anemia, poor birth outcomes, such as infant mortality and low birth weight, childhood obesity and to improve the nutrition and health of participants. → Is a cost-effective public health program. → Participant's' gross income must fall at or below 185 percent of poverty

Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program

vouchers for produce

WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program

vouchers for produce from farmers' markets → Aim to familiarize WIC members with farmers markets with the goal is to provide mothers, mothers-to-be, and children with fresh, locally grown foods. → Coupons are used to purchase produce at farmers markets → Only WIC members, or those on the WIC waiting list are eligible

National School Breakfast Program

→ Federally funded program that assists schools and other agencies in providing nutritious breakfast at a reasonable price (public schools, nonprofit private schools, and residential child care institutions) → Children from families with incomes at or below 130% of the federal poverty level are eligible for free meals. Those with incomes between 150% and 185% percent of the poverty level are eligible for reduced price levels (no more than 30 cents)

After School Snack Program

→ Provides children with a nutritional boost during supervised education and enrichment activities that occur after the end of their regular school day. -Must serve snacks that meet federal requirements → Schools that choose to take part in the snack program receive cash subsidies from the USDA for each snack they serve (schools that participate in the NSLP are eligible) → Must offer free or reduced price snacks to eligible children → Participants must be 18 or younger, unless their nineteenth birthday occurs during the school year

Special Milk Program

→ Provides milk to children in schools, child care institutions and eligible camps that do not participate in other Federal child nutrition meal service programs - Schools in the National School Lunch or School Breakfast Programs may also participate to provide milk to children in half‐day pre‐kindergarten and kindergarten programs where children do not have access to the school meal programs → The program reimburses schools and institutions for the milk they serve → These milks must meet all State and local standards (contain vitamins A and D at levels specified by the FDA) → Any child from a family that meets income guidelines for free meals is eligible

Home-Delivered Nutrition Program

→ Provides nutritious meals, nutrition education and nutrition risk screening/counseling to individuals 60 years or older (and possibly their spouses) that are homebound due to illness or disability → Older Americans Act Elderly Nutrition Program (ENP) → Meals are delivered by volunteer drivers to seniors' houses five days a week → Aims to promote good health via nutrition and reduce social isolation. → Target individuals: low income, minority rural community, limited English, risk of institutional care

Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP)

→ Works to improve health of low-income elderly persons at least 60 years of age by supplementing their diets with nutritious USDA foods -Food packages include a variety of foods, such as nonfat dry and ultra-high temperature fluid milk, juice, farina, oats, ready-to-eat cereal, rice, pasta, peanut butter, dry beans, canned meat, poultry, or fish, and canned fruits and vegetables → Women, Infants, and Children are no longer included in this program. Even so, those already enrolled are provided assistance until they are no longer eligible. → Food is directly distributed (by state agencies such as department of health, social services, education, or agriculture) to local public and nonprofit agencies, where it is then given to eligible applicants → Participants must be state residents and be at or below 130 percent of the federal poverty income rate

Congregate Nutrition Program

→ congregate meals, home-delivered meals → Older Americans Act Elderly Nutrition Program (ENP) → involves both congregate and home-delivered meals as well as nutrition education/counseling components → Addresses dietary inadequacy and social isolation → 60+ years old individuals and in some cases, their spouses are eligible based on the following criteria: income, minority, isolated, at risk for institutional care → This program gives all participants the opportunity to contribute to the meal cost.

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

→ federally-funded through the USDA that offers nutrition education to limited-resource families and children. → Participants are trained and supervised by university and locally-based professional staff at community centers for 10-12 nutrition lessons