NURS 233 Exam #3 Questions

The nurse on a geriatric unit is assessing four clients. Which client is most likely to exhibit bacteriuria?

A client who has a urinary catheter in place due to confusion

Which individual likely faces the greatest risk for the development of chronic kidney disease?

A client with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes who does not monitor blood sugars or control diet

A 35-year-old client is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) and is started on hemodialysis. The client is concerned with the diagnosis and wants to know what to expect in the progression of this disorder. Which statement best addresses the client's concern?

"Acute kidney injury is abrupt in onset and often reversible if recognized early and treated appropriately."

An older adult client is scheduled for outpatient cataract surgery. While taking a presurgery history, which statement by the client correlates to the manifestations of cataracts, thereby verifying the client has received information about the condition?

"I have blurred vision in both my eyes and my vision is distorted."

A 31-year-old female has been recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is attending a diabetes education class. Which statement by the woman demonstrates an accurate understanding of her health problem?

"I'll have to control my blood sugars, my blood pressure, and my cholesterol in order to make sure I don't develop sight problems."

A client has recently been diagnosed with renal calculi and asks the nurse, "What should I be eating to prevent stone formation?" What is the most appropriate response to the client's statement?

"What you eat can influence your risk of stone formation, but many other factors like hormones and your metabolism are involved."

A client has undergone a kidney transplant and voices concerns about organ rejection to the nurse. The most appropriate response by the nurse would be:

"You will be given medication to decrease the likelihood of your immune system attacking your new kidney."

While working at the triage desk in the local emergency department, which client is likely having a medical emergency and needs to be seen first?

55-year-old truck driver complaining of sudden onset of ocular pain and blurred vision

A client with multiple pain-related injuries to the back, knees, and hips is admitted with acute liver failure. Upon procuring a medication list, the nurse notes that the client is taking several over-the-counter medications that contain a preparation known to be the drug that most commonly causes liver failure. Which drug is this?

Acetaminophen

Sexual dysfunction in people with CKD is thought to be multifactorial. What are thought to be possible causes of sexual dysfunction in people with CKD? Select all that apply.

Antihypertensive drugs Psychological factors Uremic toxins

A client presents with a perforated peptic ulcer. Which complication would be a priority for the nurse to assess for?

Assessment of a rigid, boardlike abdomen

A client reveals that, when in bed, changes in head position cause brief periods of vertigo, usually lasting less than 1 minute. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing?

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) requires combination therapy that includes administration of which medications? Select all that apply.

Bismuth salts Omeprazole Amoxicillin

A client diagnosed with inflammatory diarrhea is having multiple small, bloody stools with a fever. Which could be a likely cause of this inflammatory diarrhea?

C. difficile

What is the most common gram-negative bladder infection found in hospitalized clients?

Catheter-induced infection

The family of an older adult reports increasing inability to perform basic activities of daily living. After evaluation, the client is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. What intervention will be implemented to slow cognitive decline?

Cholinesterase inhibitors

A client is admitted with the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect to see in this client? Select all that apply.

Clay-colored stools Dark urine Elevated conjugated bilirubin levels Severe itching

Which disorders are grouped under the category of inflammatory bowel disease? Select all that apply.

Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis

Which physiologic change in the elderly population contributes to urinary incontinence?

Decline in detrusor muscle function

A patient has been admitted to the hospital with acute nephritic syndrome. They experienced sudden onset of hematuria. The nurse is looking at their lab work and have noted a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The nurse should assess their patient for which signs/symptoms related to a decreased GFR? Select all that apply.

Edema in face and extremities. Elevated blood pressure.

A client had developed jaundice. The nurse recognizes that the jaundice may have resulted from which cause? Select all that apply.

Excessive destruction of red blood cells Impaired uptake of bilirubin by the liver cells Decreased conjugation of bilirubin Obstruction of bile flow

Which nursing intervention is the highest priority intervention for a nurse caring for a 26-year-old client diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo?

Fall precautions

A client tells the nurse that he is concerned about developing hepatitis after being exposed to contaminated feces, saliva, and food. The nurse is aware that the client is at risk for:

Hepatitis A

A neonate is undergoing phototherapy for the treatment of jaundice and accompanying high levels of bilirubin. Which causes are the likely factors responsible for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia? Select all that apply.

High bilirubin production Limited ability to excrete bilirubin

A nurse is caring for a client who has a recent history of passing calcium urinary stones. Which of the following is a priority nursing consideration for this client?

Hydration

The nurse is caring for the client with hepatocellular carcinoma. What does the nurse recognize is a cause of this disease?

Illness with hepatitis B or C

When caring for the client with hepatic failure, the nurse recognizes that which problem places the client at increased risk for bleeding?

Increased prothrombin time

The nurse recognizes that which individuals are at risk for hepatitis B? Select all that apply.

Injection drug users Those having unprotected sex

What laboratory markers are most commonly used to diagnose acute pancreatitis?

Lipase and amylase

When caring for clients with alcoholism and cirrhosis, which the nurse recognizes which potential complications of the disease? Select all that apply.

Liver failure Bleeding esophageal varices Kidney failure

The nurse is providing client education to a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson disease. The nurse most accurately describes the disease progression as:

Parkinson's is a chronic condition and treatment aims to manage symptoms.

The nurse knows that the student understands the major causes of mechanical bowel obstruction when the student states that _____ is a possible cause?

Postoperative adhesions

After several months of persistent heartburn, an adult client has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which treatment regimen is likely to be prescribed for this client's GERD?

Proton pump inhibitors; avoiding large meals; remaining upright after meals

Celiac disease commonly presents in infancy as failure to thrive. It is an inappropriate T-cell-mediated immune response, and there is no cure for it. What is the treatment of choice for celiac disease?

Removal of gluten from the diet

A client is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse knows that which statements regarding CKD are correct? Select all that apply

Renal damage is irreversible. Hypertension is a major cause.

The nurse knows that which clinical manifestations may be present with the diagnosis of acute nephritic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Sudden onset of hematuria Proteinuria Edema

A parent asks the nurse what signs and symptoms a child would display if the child had a urinary tract infection. Which is the best response by the nurse?

The child does not present with typical symptoms.

Which clients would the nurse assess for possible urinary retention? Select all that apply.

The client receiving an antihistamine The client taking over-the-counter medication for a cold or flu The client with depression taking an antidepressant The client with psychosis taking antipsychotic medicine daily

When determining the treatment and management for incontinence, the health care provider considers which aspects of the client's medical history? Select all that apply.

Type of incontinence Accompanying health problems Person's age

While assessing a client with suspected Ménière disease, the nurse would expect which clinical manifestation?

Vertigo

When assessing the client during the icteric phase of viral hepatitis, which of these findings does the nurse anticipate observing?

Yellow-tinged sclera

The ophthalmologist is performing a client's annual eye exam and notes an increase in intraocular pressure. The condition most likely is the result of:

imbalance between aqueous production and outflow.

A client has been diagnosed with alcohol-induced liver disease. He admits to the nurse, "I know what the lungs do, and I know what the heart does, but honestly, I have no idea what the liver does in the body." The nurse should tell the client that the liver:

metabolizes most components of food and also cleans the blood of bacteria and drugs.

As the nurse is performing a physical assessment of a client, the client begins to have seizure activity including loss of consciousness and limb jerking. The nurse's priority is to:

protect the client from injury

The most common cause of ischemic stroke is:

thrombosis