NURS 299 Chapter 3 Carbohydrates

The nurse is educating a newly diagnosed diabetic about glycemic response. Which statement from the client indicates an understanding of the effect food has on blood glucose concentration?

"A food's glycemic response can be influenced by many variables."

When providing nutritional information to a client seeking to make eating pattern changes, the nurse correctly states the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for total carbohydrate intake for adults is how much?

130 g/day

The nurse is reviewing a client's food log and calculating how many calories the client has consumed. The nurse knows that there are how many calories in a gram of carbohydrates? Enter the correct answer ONLY.

4

The nurse is seeing a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The client tells the nurse she does not want to consume chemical based nonnutritive sweeteners. Which of the following sugar alternatives should the nurse recommend?

stevia

A nurse has been trying to teach a client newly diagnosed with diabetes how to interpret food labels and recognize sugars. The client is very upset. He understood about "glucose" but considered "fructose" to be safe to eat without monitoring the amount of intake. Which of the following would be an appropriate response from the nurse?

"Fructose is changed to glucose by the liver."

A non-diabetic client presents to the emergency room with a month-long history of nausea, fatigue, and increased urination. During the nurse's intake assessment, which client statement would the nurse investigate further?

"I recently changed my diet to that one everyone swears by."

The nurse is teaching the client about healthy consumption of carbohydrates. The nurse is sure that teaching has been effective when the client makes what statement?

"I should plan my intake to increase fiber and limit added sugars."

The nurse is teaching a group of clients how to read food labels and identify sugars. After the class, the clients were able to successfully identify various forms of sugar. Which of the following were the sugars they identified? Select all that apply.

1. Beet juice 2. Brown rice syrup 3. Cane juice

The nurse recognizes that carbohydrates are a class of energy-yielding nutrients that contain which of the following elements? Select all that apply.

1. Carbon 2. Hydrogen 3. Oxygen

The nurse instructs a client on foods to increase total fiber intake to 25 grams/day. Which breakfast choice indicate that teaching has been effective?

1/2 cup all bran cereal, 1/2 cup skim milk, 1 slice whole wheat bread, sliced pear

The American Heart Association (AHA) has shared recommendations for maximum caloric intake for adults related to added sugars. Which of the following is this recommendation?

100 cal/day for women; 150 cal/day for men

The nurse is helping a client calculate the grams of carbohydrates the client is eating. The client notes that his menu for the day is the following: breakfast - 1 cup cooked oatmeal with 1/2 cup canned fruit and 1 cup plain yogurt, 1 slice of toast, and 1 cup black coffee; lunch - 1 whole-wheat tortilla, 1/2 cup pinto beans, 1/2 cup shredded Monterey Jack cheese, 1 medium pear, 1 cup 2% milk; and dinner - 3-oz grilled steak, 1 cup baked potato, 1/2 cup steamed corn, 1/2 cup steamed sweet peas, 1 cup green salad, 1 cup canned mixed fruit, and 1 cup herbal tea. How many grams of carbohydrates did this client consume? Enter the correct number ONLY.

229

The nurse is teaching a nutrition class to a group of adults. The nurse indicates that the Adequate Intake (AI) for total fiber is set at which of the following amounts?

25 g/day for women; 38 g/day for men

The nurse recognizes that the most common monosaccharides contain how many carbon atoms?

6

The nurse is providing a follow up nutritional session with a client. The client is surprised to learn that carbohydrates have fewer calories than fat does. The client has calculated that she consumed 200 grams of carbohydrates for the day. The nurse knows the client consumed a daily total of how many calories?

800 calories

The school health nurse is providing education to a group of children about the differing nutritional values of sugars. When discussing added sugars, the nurse knows teaching has been effective when the children state which of the following?

Add sugars provide empty calories

The nurse recognizes that nonnutritive sweeteners are produced from a variety of sources. One common sweetener is produced by combining amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. This common nonnutritive sweetener is called which of the following?

Aspartame

A young mother is concerned about her children developing dental caries and is asking for appropriate suggestions to help prevent them. Which of the following is an appropriate suggestion for the nurse to offer?

Avoid sugary items that stay in the mouth for a long time.

The nurse recognizes that whole-grain products must consist of the certain components of the grain. What of the following is one of those components?

Bran

When providing education to a group of students, the school health nurse correctly states that around the world, the most commonly found nutrient in the human diet is which of the following?

Carbohydrates

The nurse is preparing to teach a class on the benefits of eating whole grains. The nurse is aware that eating patterns rich in whole grains are associated with a lower risk of which of the following health problems?

Cardiovascular disease

The nurse is explaining the different type of sugars to a client. The nurse correctly classifies maltose and lactose in which of the following sugar categories?

Disaccharides

The nurse is discussing enriched grains with a group of young mothers. The nurse informs the women that enriched grains must be fortified with which of the following?

Folic acid

When explaining the nutritional value of adding fruit to an eating pattern, the nurse states that most of the calories in fruit come from which of the following sugars?

Fructose

A nurse is providing teaching to a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes. The nurse describes a phenomenon in which a food causes serum glucose to rise to an elevated level before returning to basline. The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective when the client identifies what term as referring to this phenomenon?

Glycemic response

The nurse who is providing education during a nutritional class shares that the individual body cells take only as much glucose as is needed for immediate energy. The nurse knows teaching has been effective when the students states the liver and muscle cells store excess glucose as which of the following?

Glycogen

A client has been brought to the unit with general complaints of nausea, fatigue, and anorexia. On assessment, the nurse learns that the client has not been eating well and has been eating mainly a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet. The nurse is aware that which of the following may be occurring?

Ketosis

The nurse is teaching a group of third-grade students about cavities, or dental caries. Which of the following statements is true?

Limiting added sugars is one strategy to reduce the risk of dental caries.

When teaching about the path of glucose in the body, the nurse can explain that after it is absorbed into the intestinal mucosa, glucose travels next to which of the following body organs?

Liver

The nurse recognizes that glucose, fructose, and galactose are also referred to as which of the following?

Monosaccharides

The nurse recognizes that the bran layer of grains contains many components that are beneficial. When teaching about the nutritional benefits of whole grains, the nurse states that one of the nonnutrient compounds that has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases is which of the following?

Phytonutrients

If a client is not consuming enough carbohydrates, the nurse realizes that the body will use what to try to meet its energy needs?

Protein

The nurse educator is discussing the effects of the digestion process of starch in a nutritional health class. The class should understand that cooked starch begins digestion due to the action of which of the following?

Salivary amylase

The nurse is facilitating a weight management class for a group of adolescents. Today's discussion is about recognizing the added sugars in their diets. After the meeting, the students can successfully recognize that which product contains the most added sugar?

Soda

The nurse recognizes that disaccharides are composed of two sugar molecules. The combination of glucose and fructose creates:

Sucrose

When asked the function of polyvols by a client, the nurse correctly states which of the following?

They foster the growth of colonic bacteria

During a home visit the nurse notes that a client's stage 2 pressure injury is not healing as quickly as expected. Why should the nurse assess this client's intake of carbohydrates?

They spare protein needed for healing