NURS300 Test 2 Questions

What are Nurse Practice Acts?

They are state regulated medication regulations and nursing practice. They define nurses's boundaries and responsibilities in regarding medication administration

What do Local Laws regulate?

They regulate the use of alcohol and tobacco.

What is the formula to determine Drops per minute needed?

Volume to be infused x drop factor / Time in minutes

What steps does a nurse have to follow when a medication error is done?

1. Check patient condition 2. Notify nurse manager 3. Describe error including steps taken 4. Reporting system

The nurse hangs up 1 L D5W to infuse over 8 hours. The volume to be infused is 1000 mL, the drop factor is 60 gtts/min and the time in minutes is 480 min. How many drops per minute are needed?

126 gtts/min

You are giving a hand-off report to another nurse who will be caring for your patient at the end of your shift. Which of the follow pieces of information do you include in the report? (Select all that apply) A. The patients name, age and admitting diagnosis B. Allergies to food and medications C. Your evaluation that the patient is "needy" D. How much the patient had for breakfast. E. That the patients pain rating went from 8 to 2 on a scale of 1 to 10 after receiving 650 mg of Tylenol

A, B, E.

To ensure the safe use of oxygen in the home by a patient which of the following teachings points does the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Smoking is prohibited around oxygen B. Demonstrate how to adjust the oxygen flow rate based on patient symptoms C. Do not use electrical equipment around oxygen D. Special precautions may be required when traveling with oxygen.

A, C, D

The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply) A. Sit the patient upright in a chair B. Give liquids at the end of the meal C. Place food in the strong side of the mouth D. Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow E. Feed the patient slowly, allowing more time to chew and swallow. F. Encourage patient to lie down at rest for 30 minutes after eating.

A, C, E

A group of nurses is discussing the advantages of using a computerized provider order entry (CPOE). Which of the following statements indicates that the nurses understand the major advantage of using CPOE? A. "CPOE reduces transcript errors." B. "CPOE reduces the time necessary for health care providers to write orders." C. "Health care providers can write orders from any computer that has Internet access." D. "CPOE reduces the time nurses use to communicate with health care providers."

A. "CPOE reduces transcript errors."

A 62-year-old woman is being discharged home with her husband after surgery for a hip fracture from a fall at home. When providing discharge teaching about home safety to this patient and her husband the nurse knows that A. A safe environment promotes patient activity B. Assessment focuses on environmental factors only C. Teaching home safety is difficult to do in the hospital setting. D. Most accidents in the older adult are caused by lifestyle factors.

A. A safe environment promotes patient activity

A patient requests the nurse's assistance to the bedside commode and becomes frustrated when unable to void in front of the nurse. The nurse understands the patients inability to void because A. Anxiety can make it difficult for abdominal and perineal muscles to relax enough to void B. The patient does not recognize the physiological signals that indicate the need to void C. The patient is lonely and calling the nurse in under false pretenses is a way to get attention D. The patient is not drinking enough fluids to produce adequate urine output

A. Anxiety can make it difficult for abdominal and perineal muscles to relax enough to void

The nurse would expect the least formed stool to be present in which portion of the digestive tract? A. Ascending B. Descending C. Transverse D. Sigmoid

A. Ascending

A male patient who has had outpatient surgery is unable to void while lying supine. What can the nurse do to facilitate his voiding? A. Assist him to a standing position B. Tell him he has to void to be discharged C. Pour cold water over his genitals D. Ask his wife to assist with the urinal

A. Assist him to a standing position

The Energy needed to maintain life-sustaining activities for a specific period of time at rest is known as A. BMR B. REE C. Nutrients D. Nutrient Density

A. BMR

If a nurse experiences a problem reading a physician's medication order, the most appropriate action will be to A. Call the physician to verify order B. Call the pharmacist to verify order C. Consult with other nursing staff to verify D. Withhold the medication until physician makes runds

A. Call the physician to verify order

Which of the following actions would best help prevent skin breakdown in a patient who is incontinent of stools and very weak and drowsy? A. Checking frequently for soiling B. Washing the perineal area with strong soap and water C. Placing the call light within easy reach D. Keeping a pad under the patient

A. Checking frequently for soiling

A patient who has been receiving intermittent chemotherapy through a peripheral IV site is ordered to receive a dose of vancomycin through the same vein. Why does this concern the nurse? A. Chemotherapy is irritating to the vascular system and may cause the vein to infiltrate. B. Two medications should never be placed into the same IV site. C. Once chemotherapy is in a patient's system, any additional medicine given will cause a synergistic effect. D. Chemotherapy treatments require a special pump designed solely for chemotherapy.

A. Chemotherapy is irritating to the vascular system and may cause the vein to infiltrate.

What is the primary purpose of the patient record? A. Communication B. Advocacy C. Research D. Education

A. Communication

An older woman who is resident of a long-term care facility has to get up and void several times during the night. This can be the result of what physiologic change with normal aging? A. Diminished kidney ability to concentrate urine B. Increased bladder muscle tone causing urinary frequency C. Increased bladder contractility causing urine stasis D. Decreased intake of fluids during daytime hours

A. Diminished kidney ability to conentrate urine

A nurse is interested in improving patient care on his unity through performance improvement. What is the first step in this process? A. Discover the problem B. Plan a strategy C. Implement a change D. Assess the change

A. Discover the problem

A nurse is teaching an older woman how to move and lift her husband. The woman has osteoarthritis of the hips and knees. What is the goal of the nurse's teaching plan? A. Minimize stress on the wife's joints. B. Provide exercise for the husband C. Increase socialization with neighbors D. Maintain self-esteem of the wife

A. Minimize stress on the wife's joints

The nurse knows to assess for signs of medication toxicity within older adults because of which physiological change? A. Reduced glomerular filtration B. Delayed esophageal clearance C. Decreased gastric clearance D. Decreased cognitive function

A. Reduced glomerular filtration

An older adult woman has constant dribbling or urine. The associated discomfort, odor and embarrassment may support which of the following nursing diagnoses? A. Social Isolation B. Impaired Adjustment C. Defensive Coping D. Impaired Memory

A. Social Isolation

Why are quality-assurance programs important in nursing? A. They enable nursing to be accountable for the quality of care B. They facilitate increased enrollment in educational programs C. They specify how resources are used or not used D. They allow increased retention of qualified nurses

A. They enable nursing to be accountable for the quality of care

The nurse is following JC national patient safety goals when giving medications. Based on these goals, how can the nurse improve the accuracy of patient identification. A. Use two patient identifiers (neither to be the room number) B. Use two patient identifiers (one may be the room number) C. Check the patient's armband three times D. Say to the patient "Are you Mrs. Jones?"

A. Use two patient identifiers (neither to be the room number)

What age group is most vulnerable to toxic fumes or asphyxiation? A. Young Children B. Adolexcents C. Young Adults D. Middle Adults

A. Young Children

Three functions of the colon

Absorption, secretion, elimination

A nurse is conducting a health history interview for an office patient who is having problems with urinary control. What would be an appropriate interview question to collect further data? A. "Why don't you go to the bathroom more?" B. "How have you handled this problem?" C. "What does your wife think about this problem?" D. "What makes you think you have a problem?"

B. "How have you handled this problem?"

The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition? A. A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes B. A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke C. A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy surgery D. A 46-year-old man recovering at home following a coronary artery bypass surgery

B. A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke

Alice Jones, a registered nurse, is documenting assessments at the beginning of her shift. How should she sign the entry? A. Alice J, RN B. A. Jones, RN C. Alice Jones D. AJRN

B. A. Jones, RN

A nurse is teaching a patient how to administer insulin, with the expected outcome that the patient will be able to self-administer the insulin injection. How would this outcome be evaluated? A. Asking the patient to verbally repeat the steps of the injection B. Asking the patient to demonstrate self-injection of insulin C. Asking family members how much trouble the patient is having with injections D. Asking the patient how comfortable he or she is with injections

B. Asking the patient to demonstrate self-injection of insulin

A newly admitted patient states that he has recently had a change in medications and reports that stools are now dry and hard to pass. This type of bowel pattern is consistent with A. Abnormal defecation B. Constipation C. Fecal impaction D. Fecal Incontinence

B. Constipation

The nurse knows that most nutrients are absorbed in which portion of the digestive tract? A. Stomach B. Duodenum C. Ileum D. Cecum

B. Duodenum

The nurse knows that urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common health care associated infection because A. Cauterization procedures are performed more frequently than indicated B. Escherichia coli pathogens are transmitted during surgical or catheterization procedures C. Perineal care is often neglected by nursing staff D. Bedpans are urinals are not stored properly and transmit infection.

B. Escherichia coli pathogens are transmitted during surgical or catheterization procedures

What intervention should be included on a plan of care to prevent pressure ulcer development in healthcare settings? A. Change position at least once each shift B. Implement a turning schedule every 2 hours C. Use ring cushions for heels and elbows D. Do not turn, use pressure-relieving support surface.

B. Implement a turning schedule every 2 hours

A nurse has documented that a patient has anorexia. What does this term mean? A. Eating disorder B. Lack of appetite C. Vitamin C deficiency D. Fluid deficit

B. Lack of appetite

To maintain normal elimination patters in the hospitalized patient, you should instruct the patient to defecate 1 hour after meals because A. The presence of food stimulates peristalsis B. Mass colonic peristalsis occurs at this time C. Irregularity helps to develop a habitual pattern D. Neglecting the urge to defecate can cause diarrhea

B. Mass colonic peristalsis occurs at this time

Nurses are legally required to document medications that are administered to patients. The nurse is mandated to document which of the following? A. Medication before administering it B. Medication after administering it C. Rationale for administering it D. Prescriber rationale for prescribing it

B. Medication after administering it

Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be appropriate for teaching interventions for a single mother who leaves her toddler unattended in the bathtub? A. Noncompliance B. Risk for Suffocation C. Risk for Falls D. Risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature

B. Risk for Suffocation

A patient is having difficulty having a bowel movement on the bedpan. What is the physiologic reason for this problem? A. It is difficult to sit on a bedpan B. The position does not facilitate downward maneuver C. The position encourages the Valsalva maneuver D. The cause is unknown and requires further study

B. The position does not facilitate downward maneuver

A nurse knows that patient education has been effective when the patient states A. "I must take my parenteral medication with food." B. "If I am 30 minutes late taking my medication I should skip that dose." C. "I will rotate the location where I give myself injections." D. "Once I start feeling better, I will stop taking my medication."

C. "I will rotate the location where I give myself injections."

A patient tells the nurse, "I increased my fiver, but I am very constipated." What further information does the nurse need to tell the patient?" A. "Just give it a few more days and you should be fine." B. "Well, that shouldn't happen. Let me recommend a good laxative for you." C. "When you increase fiber in your diet, you also need to increase liquids." D. "I will tell the doctor you are having problems; maybe he can help."

C. "When you increase fiber in your diet, you alos need to increase liquids."

A nurse is teaching a patient about the amount of water to drink each day. What is the recommended daily fluid intake for adults? A. 1 to 2 (4-oz) glasses per day B. 5 to 6 (6-oz) glasses per day C. 8 to 10 (8-oz) glasses per day D. 16 to 20 (12-oz) glasses per day

C. 8 to 10 (8-oz) glasses per day

A nurse makes a medication error and fills out an incident report. What will the nurse do with the incident report itself? A. Place it in the patient's medical record B. Take it home and keep it locked up C. Maintain it according to agency policy D. Include it with documentation of the error

C. Maintain it accord to agency policy

A patient with a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus is voicing concerns about kidney disease. The patient asks the nurse where urine is formed in the kidney. The nurses response is the A. Bladder B. Kidney C. Nephron D. Ureter

C. Nephron

What is the primary purpose of focus charting? A. Nursing Diagnoses B. Medical Problems C. Patient Concerns D. Expected Outcomes

C. Patient Concerns Focus Charting: It is part of DAR (Data, Action, Response) and is used to focus in one on patient problem at a time.

In general, when energy requirements are completely met by kilocalorie (kcal) intake in food A. Weight increases B. Weight decreases C. Weight does not change D. Kilocalories are not a factor

C. Weight does not change

A nurse is feeding a patient. Which of the following statements would help a person maintain dignity while being fed? A. "I am going to feed you your cereal first and then your eggs." B. "I wish I had more time so I could feed you all of your meal." C. "I know you don't like me to feed you, but you need to eat." D. "What part of your dinner would you like to eat first?"

D. "What part of your dinner would you like to eat first?"

A nurse is conducting a health history interview for an older adult. Which of the following questions or statements would be important for nutritional assessment? A. "Why don't you eat more meat? You need protein." B. "When did you first notice you had this sore on your heel?" C. "What kinds of foods did you prepare when your husband was alive?" D. "What prescribed and over-the-counter medicines do you take?"

D. "What prescribed and over-the-counter medicines do you take?"

A home health nurse has a case load of several postoperative patients. Which one would be most likely to require a longer period of care? A. An infant B. A young adult C. A middle adult D. An older adult

D. An older adult

A manager who is reviewing the nurses' notes in a patient's medical record finds the following entry, "Patient is difficult to care for, refuses suggestion for improving appetite." Which of the following directions does the manager give to the staff nurse who entered the note? A. Avoid rushing and charting an entry B. Use correction fluid to remove entry C. Draw a single line through the statement and initial it. D. Enter only objective and factual information about the patient.

D. Enter only objective and factual information about the patient.

You are caring for a patient who has diabetes complicated by kidney disease. You need to make a detailed assessment when administering medications because this patient may experience problems with A. Absorption B. Biotransformation C. Distribution D. Excretion

D. Excretion

What term is used to describe intestinal gas? A. Feces B. Stool C. Peristalsis D. Flatus

D. Flatus

What part of the patients record is commonly used to document specific patient variables, such as vital signs? A. Progress notes B. Nursing notes C. Critical pathways D. Graphic record

D. Graphic Record

What function of the skeletal system is essential to proper function of all other cells and tissues? A. Supporting soft tissues of the body B. Protecting delicate body structures C. Providing storage area for fats D. Producing blood cells

D. Producing blood cells

The nursing assessment on a 78-year-old woman reveals shuffling gait, decreased balance and instability. On the basis of the patient's data, which one of the following nursing diagnosis indicates an understanding of the assessment findings? A. Activity intolerance B. Impaired bed mobility C. Actue pain D. Risk for falls

D. Risk for falls

What nursing diagnosis would be a priority for a patient who has a large wound from colon surgery, is obese, and is taking corticosteriod medications? A. Self-care deficit B. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition C. Anxiety D. Risk for infection

D. Risk for infection

Which of the following postural deformities might be assessed in a teenager? A. Kyhosis B. Rickets C. Osteoporosis D. Scoliosis

D. Scoliosis

A health care provider may suspect that a patient experiencing urinary retention when the patient has A. Large amounts of voided cloudy urine B. Pain in the suprapubic region C. Spasms and difficulty during urination D. Small amounts of urine voided 2-3 times per hour

D. Small amounts of urine voided 2-3 times per hour

A young girl is having problems urinating postoperatively. You remember that children may have trouble voiding A. In bathrooms other than their own B. In a urinal C. While lying in bed D. In the presence of a person other than their parents

D. Small amounts of urine voided 2-3 times per hour

Which of the following parts of the syringe and needle must be kept sterile when preparing and administering an injection? A. The outside of the cap B. The outside of the barrel C. The needle hub D. The needle

D. The needle

A nurse is administering a medication that is formulated as enteric-coated tablets. What is the rationale for not crushing or chewing enteric-coated tablets? A. To prevent absorption in the mouth B. To prevent absorption in the esophagus C. To facilitate absorption in the stomach D. To prevent gastric irritation

D. To prevent gastric irritation

A postoperative patient is receiving morphine sulfate via PCA. The nurse assessed that the patient's respirations are depressed. The effects of the morphine sulfate can be classified as A. Allergic B. Idiosyncratic C. Therapeutic D. Toxic

D. Toxic It's toxic effect because we're giving an amount of morphine that is therapeutic for the patients level, they shouldn't have respiratory depression. As soon as you see respiratory depression it is toxic to patient

The ChooseMyPlate program was developed to replace MyFoodPyramid as a basic guide for buying food and meal preparations. This system was developed by the A. Food and Drug Administration B. 1990 Nutrition Labeling and Education Act C. Referenced daily intakes (RDIs) D. U.S. Department of Agriculture

D. U.S. Department of Agriculture

An 86-year-old patient tells the nurse that she is experiencing uncontrollable leakage of urine. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? A. Urinary Retention B. Hesitancy C. Urgency D. Urinary Incontinence

D. Urinary Incontinence

A patient complains about having to void frequently, burning on urination, and odorous urine. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse would suspect the patient has which of the following conditions? A. Stress incontinence B. Urge incontinence C. Urinary track infection D. Lower colon infectioon

D. Urinary tract infection

A man with Parkinson's disease takes the medication levodopa (L-dopa). What should the nurse teach teach the patient about his urine? A. Urinary output may be decreased B. Urinary output may be increased C. Urine will be very light color D. Urine may be brown or black

D. Urine may be brown or black

Factors affecting drug action

Developmental Considerations, age-related changes, weight, gender, genetic, cultural factors, physchological factors, pathology, environment, timing of administration

Production of erythropoietin is essential because...

It is essential to maintaining a normal red blood cell volume. It stimulates marrow to produce RBCs and prolongs the life of mature RBCs.

What does Renin do?

It starts a chain of events that cause water retention, thereby increasing blood volume.

The Five (or 7) Rights

Right Medication, Right Dose, Right Client, Right Route, Right Time, Right Documentation and Right to Refuse

What do State Laws do?

The control substances not regulated by the federal government.