NUTR 340 Chapter 9

Vitamin D functions as a(n) ________ in the body.

Hormone

Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and adipose tissue and their concentrations can rise to very high levels. If this happens, which of the following is true?

It can be toxic to the body

In addition to carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, some vitamins also contain

Nitrogen

A diet of colorful fruits and vegetables ensures that antioxidant-rich foods are being consumed. (T?F)

TRUE

As an antioxidant, vitamin E can function to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. (T/F)

TRUE

Free radicals can contribute to the development of various age-related diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. (T/F)

TRUE

Hypervitaminosis D rarely results from overconsumption of vitamin D-rich foods. (T/F)

TRUE

There are no known problems associated with increased consumption of vitamin E.

TRUE

Vitamin K synthesized by intestinal bacteria is absorbed to a greater extent than is dietary vitamin K (T/F)

TRUE

Vitamins are required in small amounts and regulate metabolism. (T/F)

TRUE

Which of the following statements about vitamins is false?

They are digested through hydrolysis

Which of the following are NOT antioxidants?

biotin

Which of the following foods is a good source of provitamin A?

carrots

Which of the following individuals would benefit least from taking a supplement?

children between 4 and 10 years' old who consume more than a quart of milk a day

After absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are packaged into ________ and transported along with other lipids.

chylomicrons

Vitamins from plant foods are less biologically available than those from animal foods because

fiber reduces their absorption

Foods that have additional vitamins added to them are called ________ foods.

fortified

Which of the following foods are good sources of vitamin K?

green vegetables

What is the classic symptom of carotenodermia?

orange-tinged skin in the palms and soles of feet

Carotenoids and flavonoids are naturally occurring ________ that have beneficial effects on the body.

phytochemicals

Which of the following foods typically served at Thanksgiving would be the best choice for providing vitamin A?

pumpkin pie

The condition of soft, weak bones in children caused by a deficiency of vitamin D is called

rickets

Which of the following represent(s) a significant source of vitamin E in the diet?

vegetable oils

Cholecalciferol is another name for

vitamin D

Dalila was speaking to her grandmother's reading group about healthful eating habits. Mrs. Cortez asked Dalila about the recent increase in the popularity of berries. She had heard that they were rich in antioxidants. She wanted to know what they could do for her. What do you think would be Dalila's best answer?

Antioxidants are essential because they fight the damage caused by free radicals, especially those formed as a result of pollutants and from smoking.

Individuals with dark skin need a shorter period in the sun to make the necessary vitamin D than individuals with light skin (T/F)

FALSE

Too much sun can result in toxic levels of vitamin D building up in the body. (T/F)

FALSE

Vitamin D deficiency occurs only in young children, not in adults (T/F)

FALSE

Vitamin deficiency is a minor issue with no serious consequences. (T/F)

FALSE

Preformed vitamins are

active forms of vitamins found in foods

Factors that influence the ability to synthesize vitamin D from sunlight include all of the following except

dietary cholesterol consumption.