NUTR Chapter 2 Homework

Sean's lunch consists of roasted turkey on whole wheat bread with mayonnaise, a cup of diced peaches, and a can of lemon-lime sparkling water. How could Sean modify his meal to include all five MyPlate food groups?

-Add some sliced cucumbers to his meal. -Choose 1 cup of milk instead of the can of sparkling water.

Which of the following statements are consistent with advice from the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans?

-Adults should perform 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week. -Children should engage in at least 60 minutes of physical activity per day.

Which of the following characteristics of nutrition claims can serve as "red flags" that signal poor nutrition advice?

-Claims that sound too good to be true -Recommendation that promise a quick fix -Recommendations based on a single study

How do typical American diets compare to the Dietary Guidelines?

-Exceed limits for sodium intake -Exceed recommendations for refined grains intake -Exceed limits for intake of added sugars.

Choose the factors that determine the correct amount of calories you should consume each day.

-Height -Age -Weight

Select limitations of using the MyPlate icon as a standalone guide to healthy eating.

-It does not illustrate snacks between meals. -It does not illustrate which foods to choose within each food group. -It does not provide guidance on overall calorie intake.

Which of the following accurately describe the Daily Value?

-It is used on the Nutrition Facts panel of food labels. -It is based on a 2000-kcal diet. -It is a generic standard.

Select background factors that are important to consider when conducting an evaluation of nutritional health.

-Medical history -Current medications -Economic status -Social history -Health literacy level

Which of the following are characteristics of a healthy dietary pattern?

-Moderation -Balance -Variety

Moderation requires

-Paying attention to portion sizes of foods -Avoiding megadoses of nutrients

Which of the following are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

-Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) -Adequate Intakes (AI) -Estimated Energy Requirements (EER) -Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)

Identify the dietary principles emphasized by the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid.

-Use olive oil and other plant oils as the main sources of fat in the diet. -Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. -Consume a variety of minimally processed foods.

Choose the interactive tools available at ChooseMyPlate.gove to help consumers learn about the Dietary Guidelines.

-What's Cooking? USDA Mixing Bowl -USDA's 10 Tips Nutrition Education Series

Estimated Energy Requirements take ______ into account when determining an individual's energy needs.

-biologic sex -physical activity -age -weight

Anthropometric measurements that help to determine nutritional status include

-body circumferences. -height. -skinfold thicknesses. -weight.

With reference to a healthy dietary pattern, variety means

-choosing different foods within a given food group (e.g. subgroups). -choosing foods from various food groups.

Small changes a person can make to start creating a healthier eating style include

-making half your grains whole grains. -moving to low-fat and fat-free dairy. -making half your plate fruits and vegetables.

Overconsumption of _____ is often linked to chronic disease.

-saturated fat -sodium -calories

The absence of ______ from the MyPlate icon draws criticism from some experts in nutrition and health.

-serving sizes -energy requirements

Teresa's dinner includes green pepper halves stuffed with lean ground beef, brown rice, and tomato sauce; a side of buttered corn; and a glass of skim milk. What would you add to make Teresa's meal resemble MyPlate?

1 cup of diced watermelon

The percent Daily Value is based on a

2000 kcal diet.

Physical activity recommendations for children and adolescents include

60 minutes of physical activity per day.

The RDAs are meant to cover the nutrient needs of

97% to 98% of nearly all healthy people.

What is used to determine the calorie needs of the average person for a specific weight, age, and sex?

Estimated Energy Requirement

The rapid fall in heart function caused by reduced blood flow through the heart's blood vessels where often a part of the heart dies is known as

Heart attack

______ are at the top of the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid, which indicates they should be eaten least frequently.

Meats and Sweets

Eating small portion sizes and planning your daily eating pattern so that you don't overconsume any nutrients is a healthful component of the diet known as

Moderation

Which of the following components are optional on the Nutrition Facts panel of a food label?

Monounsaturated fat Magnesium Polyunsaturated fat

Released by USDA in 2011 as a complement to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ______ remind(s) consumers how to build a healthy meal.

MyPlate

Family health history must be carefully recorded and critically analyzed as part of a _____ assessment.

Nutritional

Daily Values are most similar to

RDAs or AIs.

What is the maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in most all people?

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

According to the Dietary Guidelines, Americans should switch from whole milk to low-fat or fat-free milk and other dairy products.

True

_____ is the nutritional state characterized by chronically inadequate nutrient intake that leads to failing health.

Undernutrition

Choosing a number of different foods within any given food group rather than eating the same thing day after day describes a component of a healthful diet known as ______.

Variety

Which food group covers half the plate providing dense sources of nutrients and phytochemicals?

Vegetables and fruits

Weight, skinfold thickness, body circumference are measures of

anthropometric data

Calcium -rich in foods are associated with the ______ group.

dairy

The Adequate Intake is based on the

dietary intakes of people that appear to be maintaining nutritional health.

Undernutrition occurs when nutrient intake

does not meet nutrient needs of the body.

If you eat double the serving size listed on the food label, you must ______ the % daily values and calories.

double

Educational level, living conditions, and economic status are part of the ______ assessment.

environmental

When choosing a dietary supplement, avoid those for which the recommended dose would

exceed the UL for any nutrients.

Chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, are linked to

excess calorie intake.

The quality of evidence supporting an RDA is ______ the quality of evidence supporting an AI.

greater than

Vitamin or mineral toxicity is most likely to result from consuming

individual vitamin and mineral supplements.

"Our patented Fat Buster System is guaranteed to take 2 inches off your waistline in the first week!" This claim could be identified as suspicious because it

promises a quick fix.

Choosing the right amount of calories to consume is based on age, sex, height, and

weight

The MyPlate icon reminds consumers

-how to build a healthy meal. -to incorporate fruits and vegetables into meals.

The ______ is a generic nutrient standard used on food labels.

Daily value

True or false: A healthful dietary pattern requires people to give up their favorite foods.

False

What piece of information on the food label informs the consumer about the typical amount of food eaten at one time?

Serving Size

What is the purpose of the Recommended Dietary Allowances?

To evaluate a person's current dietary intake of nutrients.

A desirable nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from ______ of foods to support metabolic functions.

a variety

Another name for a heart attack is

myocardial infarction.

Overnutrition may result from

prolonged consumption of more nutrients than the body needs.

ChooseMyPlate.gov offers in-depth information regarding

the Dietary Guidelines.

Typical Americans need to reduce their intake of

Added sugars

When there is not sufficient research evidence to set a precise RDA for a nutrient, a(n) ______ is set. This is the amount of nutrient intake assumed to be adequate based on the dietary intakes of people who appear to be maintaining nutritional health.

Adequate Intake (AI)

The recommended intake of biotin (a B vitamin) is 30 micrograms per day for adults. Studies show that adults who consume this much biotin are healthy, with no evidence of deficiency or toxicity. However, the precise human requirements for biotin have not been determined experimentally. The type of nutrient standard described is a(n)

Adequate Intake.

Which of the following examples illustrates the concept of dietary balance?

An athlete decreases his total calorie intake during the off season, when he is not as active.

If you choose mostly nutrient-dense foods instead of empty calories, you are practicing dietary ______.

Balance

Which are nutrition components that must appear on the Nutrition Facts food label?

Carbohydrates Calories Fiber

A(n) ______ nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from a variety of foods to support metabolic functions.

Desirable

With reference to nutrient standards, DRI stands for

Dietary Reference Intake.