NUTRI 300: 2.26 Exam #2 - Ch.3 & Ch.4

Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?

Bile

The bladder and kidneys are organs of the _____ system.

urinary

Theresa is concerned that her 10-year-old son may have type 1 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

Losing weight despite increased food intake

Glucose is a Polymer

False

Chelsea is concerned that her 2-year-old daughter may have type 1 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

Having fruity-smelling breath

Which of the following organs produces and secretes enzymes that are essential for proper digestion?

Pancreas

If you wanted to include a starchy food to your meal, which of the following foods would you add?

Potatoes

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

Sucrose

Which of the following statements is true?

The body is comprised of organ systems.

The common name for glucose is _____ sugar.

blood

Jamie has a tumor that affects the functioning of her beta cells. Based on this information, Jamie's

blood glucose level is difficult to regulate.

Steve has pancreatic cancer. As a result of the disease, Steve has a high risk of

diabetes mellitus.

The _____ is the third segment of the small intestine.

ileum

Betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve her constipation without taking medications, Betty should

increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber.

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.

large intestine

Glucagon

raises blood glucose levels.

Glycogen is

the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue.

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?

Brain

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

Brown rice

Stomach acid (HCL) assists in physical digestion.

False

The Ileum is the shortest part of the Small Intestine

False

Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome?

Fasting blood triglyceride levels that are consistently more than 150 mg/dl

Which of the following substances is an important dietary monosaccharide for humans?

Fructose

Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach?

Gastric juice

Which of the following substances is a simple carbohydrate?

Glucose

Which of the following substances is the primary fuel for muscles and other cells?

Glucose

You would like to add a nutritive sweetener to a food that is almost pure carbohydrate. Which of the following substances would you add?

Sucrose

Which of the following statements is true?

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.

Glyerol is Monomer

True

The stomach plays a great role in physical digestion.

True

Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, Marissa should

avoid gaining excess weight.

A primary function of the digestive system is the

breakdown of food into nutrients.

Ian sweetens his hot oatmeal with a teaspoon of brown sugar. The chemical name for this type of sugar is

sucrose.

Phil has type 1 diabetes and gives himself insulin injections to help manage his blood glucose level. One afternoon, Phil tested his blood and discovered that his blood glucose level was 60 mg/dl. Based on this information, Phil should

consume candy or fruit juice to increase his blood glucose level.

Anna has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Anna tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 88 mg/dl. Based on this information, Anna should

do nothing to intervene, because her blood glucose level is normal.

Chyme moves from the stomach into the

duodenum

Which of the following substances is a sugar that contributes to the sweetness of honey?

fructose

Phil is a healthy college student. When he wakes up in the morning, he can't wait to eat breakfast. While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes _____ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits.

glucagon

In the human intestinal tract, cooked rice is broken down into _____ molecules that can be absorbed.

glucose

The starch in oatmeal and wheat is composed of _____ molecules.

glucose

Adrian's diet supplies only about 10% of his daily energy needs from carbohydrates. Therefore, most of his energy intake is provided by protein and fat. As a result of following this diet, Adrian's cells form more _____ than normal.

ketone bodies

Bethany consumes a very-low-carbohydrate diet that supplies less than 100 g of carbohydrate daily, but she eats high amounts of meat and fat. As a result of her diet, Bethany's cells form more _____ than normal.

ketone bodies

According to Shawn's physician, Shawn has a high risk of _____ because his waist circumference is 42 inches, his blood pressure consistently measures 140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg, and his fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg/dl.

metabolic syndrome

The process of digesting food begins in the

mouth

An _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.

organ

Chyme is the

semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach.

Salivary glands secrete amylase, an enzyme that enables a minor amount of _____ to be digested in the mouth.

starch

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

starch

Five-year-old Tailia develops abdominal cramps and diarrhea a few hours after she eats sugary foods. Based on this information, Tailia probably has

sucrase deficiency.

Leah's parents are afraid the five-year-old will develop tooth decay if she chews gum that is sweetened with sugar. Based on this information, Leah's parents should buy chewing gum that is sweetened with

xylitol.