Nutrition

which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense

1/2 cup of raspberries

a serving of food contains 20g carbohydrate, 6g protein, and 9g fat. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies __________ kcal

185

A healthy infant who weighs 6.5 pounds at birth can be expected to weigh ______ pounds by her first birthday. 16.5 23.5 19.5 13.0

19.5

Which of the following temperatures is recommended for storing chilled foods in a refrigerator? 50°F 70°F 40°F 60°F

40°F

What's the RDA for protein of a healthy adult woman who weighs 71 kg? 36.8g 66.8g 46.8g 56.8g

56.8g

Which of the following statements is true? A person can use www.choosemyplate.gov to evaluate his or her diet's nutritional adequacy. MyPlate was the first food guide developed for Americans. The MyPlate menu planning guide cannot be individualized to meet a person's food preferences. According to MyPlate, vegetable oils are grouped into the "Fats and Oils" food group.

A person can use www.choosemyplate.gov to evaluate his or her diet's nutritional adequacy.

Which of the following websites is most likely to provide biased and unreliable nutrition information? A site that sells dietary supplements (*.com) The site of a nationally recognized, nonprofit health association (*.org) A U.S. government agency's site (*.gov) The site of an accredited college or university (*.edu)

A site that sells dietary supplements (*.com)

Your cells use ____ as a source of direct energy. amino acids ATP GERD Bile

ATP

_____ is an immediate and direct source of energy for cells. ATP Phospholipid Glycogen DNA

ATP

Which of the following factors can influence an older adult's nutritional status? All of the above are correct Income level Illnesses Medications

All of the above are correct

which of the following health conditions isn't one of the ten leading causes of death in the U.S.

Arthritis

Which of the following foods is not a source of complete protein? Eggs Milk Fish Broccoli

Broccoli

Which of the following foods isn't a good source of calcium? Cheddar cheese Butter canned sardines kale

Butter

Which of the following nutrients is most likely to be lacking in a vegan's diet? Vitamin C Magnesium Folate Calcium

Calcium

Annie experiences diarrhea and abdominal discomfort a few hours after she eats wheat bread, barley cereal, and rye crackers. Based on this information, she should obtain medical testing that can diagnose lactose intolerance gallstones PEM Celiac disease

Celiac disease

Which of the following actions is not a solution to the problems created by conventional agricultural methods? Use integrated pest management methods. Cut down tropical forests to make way for more farmland. Eat less red meat Improve crop yields through biotechnological advancements.

Cut down tropical forests to make way for more farmland.

The new Nutrition Facts panel on a package of food must display amounts of vitamin ___ in a serving of the food. C E D A

D

Chemicals that help break down or make substances are called hormones cells capillaries Enzymes

Enzymes

The amount of a nutrient that should meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular group is the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). Adequate Intake (AI). Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Estimated average requirement (EAR)

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

The federal agency that can regulate nutrition claims on food labels is the FTC. FDA. EPA. FSIS.

FDA

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the: Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

FTC

When consumed, which of the following dietary supplements isn't likely to cause serious side effects? Flaxseed oil Lobelia Pennyroyal Ma huang

Flaxseed oil

Which of the following statements is false? Generally, young women have more body water than do young men. Lean tissue contains more water than fat tissue. Water doesn't provide energy. Water is a major solvent.

Generally, young women have more body water than do young men.

Which of the following substances is a primary fuel for muscles and other cells? Glycerol Glucose Fructose Mannitol

Glucose

Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin C? Egg white Whole milk egg yolk Guava

Guava

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide? Glucose Lactose Galactose Fructose

Lactose

Which of the following foods isn't a source of complementary protein? Macaroni and cheese Soy nut butter on a bagel Split pea soup with noodles Red beans and rice

Macaroni and cheese

Which of the following statements is true? Omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. Trans fats are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids. The human body converts dietary fiber into omega-3 fatty acids. Walnuts are a rich source of PHOs.

Omega-3 fatty acids decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Which of the following populations has the highest risk of hypertension? Young adults who consume high amounts of fruit Hispanic men who don't drink alcohol Young, physically active Asian men People with African American ancestry

People with African American ancestry

Which of the following substances is needed to digest proteins? Bile Pepsin Sucrase Allanine

Pepsin

Which of the following information isn't provided by the Nutrition Facts panel? serving size amount of protein per serving Percentage of calories from fat Amount of carbohydrate per serving

Percentage of calories from fat

Amino acids can bind together to form ketones starches triglycerides Polypeptides

Polypeptides

Which of the following nutrients has nitrogen in its chemical structure? Glucose Cholesterol glycogen Protein

Protein

Which of the following statements is false? Cells use amino acids to make proteins Proteins are the building blocks of tryglycerides. Nearly all enzymes are proteins. The body uses amino acids to make antibodies.

Proteins are the building blocks of tryglycerides.

Which of the following statements is false? RDAs contain a margin of safety. RDAs are standards for daily intakes of certain nutrients. RDAs are requirements for nutrients. RDAs meet the nutrient needs of nearly all healthy people.

RDAs are requirements for nutrients.

Which of the following statements is true? Safety standards for bottled water are similar to those for tap water. Most brands of water bottled in the United States contain unsafe amounts of arsenic and lead. The majority of Americans should drink bottled water because water from municipal systems is unsafe. The EPA inspects and certifies water bottling facilities at least three times a year

Safety standards for bottled water are similar to those for tap water.

Which of the following statements is true? Resistance exercises don't help build bone mass. Sedentary activities don't require much energy to perform. Older adults can reduce their metabolic rates by exercising regularly. Healthy adults should obtain at least 1 hour of vigorous-intensity activity daily.

Sedentary activities don't require much energy to perform.

Which of the following organs isn't an accessory organ of the digestive system? Stomach pancreas liver gallbladder

Stomach

Which of the following practices doesn't help reduce the growth of food-borne pathogens? Washing hands before preparing food Cooking foods to proper internal temperatures Keeping cold foods cold and hot foods hot Storing cooked meat at room temperature

Storing cooked meat at room temperature

Which of the following statements is true? Women generally have higher metabolic rates than men. Thyroid hormone levels influence the metabolic rate. A person who has more muscle mass will have a lower metabolic rate than someone with less muscle tissue. When your thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, your metabolic rate drops below normal.

Thyroid hormone levels influence the metabolic rate.

Which of the following statements is true? Vitamin B-12 is absorbed in the lower segment of the large intestine. The stomach can easily absorb vitamin B-12. Vitamin B-12 deficiency is common among older adults. Patients with pernicious anemia are treated with high doses of folic acid.

Vitamin B-12 deficiency is common among older adults.

According to MyPlate, which of the following foods is grouped with dairy products? Sour cream Butter Eggs Yogurt

Yogurt

Food-borne illnesses are usually characterized by coughing, sneezing, and respiratory inflammation flu like signs and symptoms megaloblastic anemia and nervous system defects abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting

abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting

Which of the following substances isn't a dietary supplement

alcohol

Type 1 diabetes is often associated with excess body weight. an autoimmune disease a disease that primarily affects elderly people. characterized by severe hypoglycemia.

an autoimmune disease

Which of the following foods generally provides the least amount of protein per serving? fat-free milk Sunflower seeds apples almonds

apples

phytochemicals

are in plant sources of food

Fatty fish are sources of omega -3 fatty acids should be eaten daily, according to the Dietary Guidelines (U.S. version). are not sources of cholesterol. contain too much methylmercury to be eaten.

are sources of omega -3 fatty acids

People with celiac disease should take amino acids supplements limit their protein intake to 20g per day avoid foods that contain gluten eliminate protein from plant sources

avoid foods that contain gluten

Protein-rich food sources that also contain saturated fat and cholesterol include beef dry beans nuts Peanut Butter

beef

Sources of heme iron include fortified grain products spinach beef cast-iron cookware

beef

which of the following foods is a rich source of phytochemicals

blueberries

Basal metabolism includes energy needs for digesting food performing physical activity breathing and circulating blood absorbing nutrients

breathing and circulating blood

Joseph's BMI is 23. When he's under a lot of stress, he eats a large amount of cookies and ice cream. Soon after eating these foods, he goes to a bathroom and makes himself vomit. Based on this information, Joseph probably has anorexia nervosa cystic fibrosis glycogen storage disease bulimia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

Under aerobic conditions, cells break down glucose to form sodium and ATP carbon dioxide and water nitrogen and DNA beta carotene and vitamin B-6

carbon dioxide and water

Atherosclerosis contributes to cardiovascular disease dental decay gallbladder disease type 2 diabetes

cardiovascular disease

Which of the following foods is not a rich source of provitamin A? Green beans carrots chicken sweet potato

chicken

which of the following items is high in empty calories

chocolate chip cookies

Daily values are dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes. based on the lowest RDA or AI for each nutrient. used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of a population's diet. for people who consume 1200 to 1500 kilocalorie diets.

dietary standards developed for food-labeling purposes.

Vitamins are macronutrients occur in gram amounts in food aren't organic molecules don't provide any calories

don't provide any calories

Members of the National weight control registry tend to eat breakfast follow low-carbohydrate /high protein diets weigh themselves once a month exercise 2 to 3 times per week

eat breakfast

Which of the following practices may reduce your risk of cancer? eating grilled meats regularly Consuming salted fish eating fruits and vegetables smoking no more than 10 cigarettes daily

eating fruits and vegetables

Amy is studying quietly. Under these conditions, her muscles are using primarily ______ for energy. amino acids fat ketone bodies glucose

fat

The embryo/fetus develops most of its organs during the second trimester first trimester third trimester preconception period

first trimester

A person following a lactoovovegetarian diet wouldn't eat cheese nuts fish eggs

fish

To reduce the likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects, women of childbearing age should obtain adequate Vitamin K biotin miacin folic acid

folic acid

Cholesterol is metabolized for energy harmful to health. found only in animal foods. not made in the human body

found only in animal foods.

which of these substances is a nutrient that provides energy

glucose

which of the following conditions is a chronic disease

heart disease

Fats in foods help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins. contribute 7 kcal per gram. need to be limited to less than 20% of total kcal to have a healthful diet. are digested and absorbed in the stomach.

help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins.

Peristalsis stimulates cancer formation in the colon interferes with lipid absorption in the small intestine. is a common intestinal infection. helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract.

helps move food/chyme through the digestive tract.

Which of the signs is associated with metabolic syndrome? hypoglycemia low hemoglobin high fasting HDL cholesterol high blood pressure

high blood pressure

Preeclampsia is a form of ______ that can develop during pregnancy. hypertriglyceridemia diabetes anemia hypertension

hypertension

Which of the following beverages is a common source of caffeine? mineral water iced tea orange juice lite beer

iced tea

Which of the following substances is the hormone that enables glucose to enter cells? adrenaline glycerol insulin glucagon

insulin

Vitamin K can be produced by skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation hydrolysis of sea water intestinal bacteria red blood cell synthesis

intestinal bacteria

If the extracellular fluid has an excess of sodium ions, sodium ions move into cells. intracellular fluid moves to the outside of cells. phosphate and calcium ions are eliminated in feces. blood levels of arsenic and oxalate increase.

intracellular fluid moves to the outside of cells.

Aerobic activities don't require voluntary muscular contractions. involve sustained, rhythmic contractions of certain large skeletal muscles. enable muscles to use less oxygen than normal. force muscle cells to use more vitamins and minerals for energy.

involve sustained, rhythmic contractions of certain large skeletal muscles.

Cretinism is caused by a deficiency of ____ during pregnancy. copper sodium iron iodine

iodine

In the United States, table salt is often fortified with iron potassium iodine selenium

iodine

In the United States, the most common cause of anemia is ______ deficiency. cobalt iron iodine calcium

iron

Dietary fiber is only in animal sources of food is digested by enzymes produced by the human intestinal tract. is a source of energy for bacteria in the large intestine. promotes tooth decay

is a source of energy for bacteria in the large intestine.

The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) has a margin of safety. doesn't account for a person's height, weight, or physical activity level. is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person. reflects a person's actual daily energy needs.

is based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person.

Which of the following substances is an enzyme that breaks down lactose? galactose hydrochloric acid lactase lactic acid

lactase

_____ is a hormone that reduces hunger and inhibits fat storage in your body. Glucosamine leptin ghrelin creatine

leptin

Breastfed infants are ______ than babies who are fed infant formula. more likely to have diarrhea less likely to have ear infections more likely to have respiratory infections less likely to have sickle cell disease

less likely to have ear infections

A lacteal is a muscular structure that regulates the movement of chyme in the large intestine. lymph vessel in a villus special structure in the small intestine that digests milk proteins. form of carbohydrate in milk.

lymph vessel in a villus

1. The first step of the scientific method usually involves: developing a question. gathering data. making observations. identifying relationships between personal characteristics.

making observations

Major food sources of vitamin B-12 include fruits and vegetables enriched grain products meat and dairy products nuts and seeds

meat and dairy products

___________ refers to all chemical processes that occur in living cells

metabolism

Dietary fiber the primary carbohydrate in dairy foods an essential nutrient needed for good bowel health in beef and pork

needed for good bowel health

A diet is likely to be unsafe if average daily intakes for nutrients meet RDA or AI values. nutrient intakes are consistently above ULs. intakes of various nutrients are slightly less than EAR amounts. MV/M supplements aren't included.

nutrient intakes are consistently above ULs.

A monounsaturated fatty acid has three double bonds within the carbon chain. one double bond within the carbon chain no double bonds within the carbon chain. two double bonds within the carbon chain.

one double bond within the carbon chain

Diet is a

pattern of food choices

which of the following foods is energy and nutrient dense

peanuts

A testimonial is a(an): form of scientific evidence. personal endorsement of a product. unbiased report about a product's value. scientifically valid claim.

personal endorsement of a product

major risk factors for atherosclerosis include income educational background occupation physical inactivity

physical inactivity

A (An) _____ is a fake treatment that may be used in nutrition-related studies that have human subjects. anecdote placebo control double blind

placebo

Many Americans have low intakes of phosphorus potassium chloride manganese

potassium

The primary source of sodium in the typical American's diet is bottled water fruit milk processed food

processed food

In general, whole fruits are a good source of all of the following substances, except phytochemicals fiber protein vitamin c

protein

Henry is concerned about his risk of osteoporosis. Which of the following characteristics is a known risk factor for this chronic condition? racial/ethnic background vitamin B-12 intake occupation iron exposure

racial/ethnic background

Enriched grain products have specific amounts of ______ added during processing. riboflavin vitamin D pantothenic acid biotin

riboflavin

Glands in the mouth secrete bile hydrochloric acid hormones saliva

saliva

You read an article about vegetables grown in the United States. According to the article's author, Americans need to take dietary supplements because the vegetables lack essential nutrients. This claim is an example of a(an) scare tactic. scientific fact. anecdote. evidence-based report.

scare tactic

the control group. Although the scientist knows each person's group assignment, the subjects are not aware of their group placement. This is an example of a(an) double-blind study. uncontrolled study. biased study single-blind study.

single-blind study.

The primary site of fat digestion and absorption is the gallbladder small intestine stomach liver

small intestine

Which of the following practices increases the risk of peptic ulcers? Chewing gum smoking cigarettes drinking milk eating prebiotics

smoking cigarettes

Which of the following substances is a polysaccharide? starch Glucagon lactose aspartame

starch

Hydrochloric acid production occurs in the small intestine liver stomach mouth

stomach

_________ fat is in a layer under the skin metabolic cellulite visceral subcutaneous

subcutaneous

The primary sources of added sugars in the typical American diet are baked beans sugar sweetened soft drinks candies refined cereals

sugar sweetened soft drinks

The _____ Program enables eligible low-income participants to use a special debit card to purchase food at authorized stores. supplemental nutrition assistance eat better for less healthy diets for all nutritious food purchase

supplemental nutrition assistance

Vitamin toxicities generally occur as a result of eating enriched breads and cereal products. consuming a wide variety of foods. taking megadoses of dietary supplements. having diseases that interfere with intestinal absorption.

taking megadoses of dietary supplements.

Miranda is physically fit. Based on this information, she has more muscle and less bone tissue than other women who are her age. a greater need for vitamins and minerals than other women. an increased risk of osteoporosis. the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living.

the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living.

A ______ is a group of similar cells that perform similar functions. cytoplasm tissue ribosome system

tissue

in the U.S. the primary cause of preventable deaths is

tobacco use

Lipoproteins are made in the kidneys transport fat and cholesterol in the bloodstream contain oxidized glucose are toxic to cells

transport fat and cholesterol in the bloodstream

Liquid fats generally have a high proportion of ______ fatty acids. trans partially hydrogenated unsaturated saturated

unsaturated

Which of the following foods has the lowest percentage of water? Tomatoes oranges whole grain bread vegetable oil

vegetable oil

Tiny, fingerlike projections of the small intestine that absorb nutrients are called duodenum capillaries chyme villi

villi

During pregnancy, excess ______ intake is known to be teratogenic. pantothenic vitamin K choline vitamin A

vitamin A

People who are unable to absorb fat are likely to develop a ______ deficiency. vitamin D riboflavin Vitamin B-12 folate

vitamin D

A negative energy state occurs when the thermic effect of your food equals NEAT your body needs more calories than the diet supplies your energy intake is higher than your energy output fat storage in your body increases

your body needs more calories than the diet supplies