Nutrition Ch 15

Generally, walking 1 mile would expend about:

100 kcal.

In order to be eligible to use weight-loss medications, an otherwise healthy individual must have a body mass index (BMI) above:

30 kg/m2.

The percentage of the inheritance of obesity that is accounted for by genetic factors is about:

35% to 70%.

Class 3 obesity is defined as BMI above:

40 kg/m2.

People with prediabetes may avoid development of full-blown type 2 diabetes if they lose:

5% to 10% of their body weight.

A factor during infancy that may decrease the risk of obesity during childhood and adolescence is:

exclusive breast-feeding.

If a diet plan results in weight loss, it is because it provides:

fewer calories than the client expends.

In counseling overweight clients, clinical dietitians should begin with:

gathering information about dietary habits.

An example of a peptide hormone produced by the gastrointestinal tract that influences food intake is:

ghrelin.

The widely used sweetener that appears to be associated with increased calorie intakes in recent years is:

high-fructose corn syrup.

Obesity is associated with increased risk of:

hypertension.

To promote weight loss, diet plans should be:

individualized for each client.

Dietetic professionals working with clients who need to lose weight should work toward:

permanent lifestyle changes.

An environmental factor that has contributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity is the:

relatively low increase in the price of carbonated beverages.

An example of a policy change that would modify the environment to decrease calorie intakes is:

removing a vending machine filled with soft drinks from a school cafeteria.

Another name for conscious control of food intake to maintain stable weight is:

restrained eating.

An example of behavioral therapy is:

rewarding yourself by going to a movie after walking 5 times a week for a month.

Fat cells store and release fatty acids and:

secrete hormones.

One factor that enhances the release of peptides that produce hunger is:

sleep deprivation.

A factor during fetal development that is associated with overweight during young adulthood is maternal:

smoking.

One reason that obesity is increasing in children is because many of them:

spend large amounts of time watching television.

Individuals with a BMI above 40 kg/m2 may be eligible for:

surgery for treatment of obesity.

Drugs such as benzphetamine, diethylpropion, phendimetrazine, and phentermine are only approved for short-term use because:

they are related to addictive amphetamines.

These interventions would all help create an environment that encourages healthy weight. Only answer #3 would decrease calorie intakes. Answer #1 would not necessarily affect calorie intake (although it could encourage fluid intake). Answers #2 and #4 would help increase calorie expenditure.

true or false

A drug that blocks production and secretion of lipase from the pancreas is:

orlistat.

The stage of change in which people actually start making changes to help them lose weight is:

action.

The factor that contributes most to the success of a diet plan is:

adherence.

Risk of being overweight is inversely related to intakes of:

calcium.

Weight gain occurs when:

calorie intake exceeds energy expenditure.

One physiologic factor associated with weight gain is a high rate of:

carbohydrate oxidation.

The three components that identify obesity as a disease are:

cause, clinical signs, and pathophysiology.

Weight gain may occur in people who use:

corticosteroids.

The preventive strategies to deal with the obesity epidemic are:

education, regulation, and modification of the food supply.

One possible side effect of treatment with orlistat is that:

it may decrease absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

A hormone that is related to the amount of body fat is:

leptin.

Two types of diets that have been shown to have some long-term weight loss success are:

low-fat and very-low-calorie diets.

Drugs such as benzphetamine, diethylpropion, phendimetrazine, and phentermine help clients lose weight by:

modifying the neurotransmitters in the central nervous system.

The prevalence of obesity is increasing:

more and more rapidly.

Attitudes toward people who are obese tend to be:

negative.

Individuals who have low levels of leptin are likely to be:

obese.

The prevalence of obesity is higher in:

women than in men.