Nutrition Ch. 16

To be classified as living in poverty in the United States, a family of four must have an income of less than about ________.

$23,300

Which of the following leads to pernicious anemia?

B12 deficiency

What is the largest domestic hunger-relief organization in the United States?

Feeding America

The ___ is a food assistance program that provides nutritious food, education, and referrals to health care professionals.

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children

Which of the following is true about the working poor?

They are steadily employed in low-wage jobs.

The term food desert refers to __.

a community without a supermarket

An effect of prolonged undernutrition is ___.

abnormal heart rate

For food fortification to work, the food chosen to carry the extra nutrients must ___.

be a staple in the community's food supply

In prolonged starvation, the greatest amount of deterioration occurs in

both the liver and the intestinal tract.

The cause of eliminating hunger would be aided by growing all of the following except

coffee

Which of the following is caused by an iodine deficiency?

cretinism

Which of the following is a reason the elderly experience malnutrition?

decreased sense of taste and smell, missing teeth, depression

Death occurring from diarrhea is primarily due to

dehydration

Food security has been identified as a problem in

developed nations, developing nations, underdeveloped nations

Which of the following leads to severe dehydration?

diarrhea

What is the leading cause of severe food shortages in developing and underdeveloped countries?

drought

A deficiency of iron can result in the development of goiter.

false

Anyone who has lost large amounts of blood is at risk for cretinism.

false

During prolonged starvation, the greatest amount of deterioration in the body occurs in the stomach and intestinal tract.

false

Education plays no role in ensuring food security.

false

Floods are the leading cause of severe food shortages in developing and underdeveloped countries.

false

Infants are not a vulnerable group at risk for undernutrition, since they get all their nutrition from the mother.

false

It is called overpopulation when a region has less people than its natural resources can support.

false

Political sanctions and armed conflicts at the national level have no bearing on food insecurity at home.

false

The impact of natural disasters is much greater on developed countries than underdeveloped countries.

false

The leading cause of severe food shortages in developing and underdeveloped countries is drought.

false

A severe shortage of food caused by crop destruction is called ___.

famine

The inability to satisfy basic food needs due to lack of resources or other problems is called ___.

food insecurity

Households at the greatest risk of experiencing food insecurity are those ___.

headed by single women

People at the lowest risk for undernutrition include ___.

healthy adult men

Effects of chronic malnutrition and hunger include all of the following except

increased growth.

An example of a developing country is ___.

india

The three nutrients most often added to food are ___.

iodine, iron, vitamin A

The most common nutrient deficiency among infants and young children is ___ deficiency.

iron

An underdeveloped country has ___.

low levels of economic productivity

Older adults are at increased risk for undernutrition because of ___.

malabsorption

Which of the following represents a disease associated with impaired immunity in children?

measles, malaria, pneumonia

A paradoxical effect of low income/undernourishment is

obesity

People who are least likely to experience food insecurity are ___.

people with steady, well-paid jobs

Which of the following is a boycott used by one country on another?

political sanction

In developed countries like the United States, the cause of food insecurity is usually

poverty

Which of the following is defined as lacking the means to provide for material needs?

poverty

Which of the following may be considered a likely risk for food insecurity?

recent earthquake in Haiti

The World Health Organization estimates "a significant proportion of diarrheal disease can be prevented through

safe drinking water and adequate sanitation and hygiene."

In addition to food, the primary means of reducing hunger includes ___.

safe water

Boycotts or trade embargoes used by one group to apply political pressure on another are called ___.

sanctions

Prolonged very low food security can lead to ___.

starvation

Chronic malnutrition can result in ___.

tissue breakdown

A country with a relatively low level of industrial capability, technological sophistication, and economic productivity is referred to as a developing country.

true

An estimated 13 million children worldwide have become orphaned by pneumonia.

true

Death from diarrheal diseases is usually due to dehydration.

true

Drug and alcohol abuse are common causes of poverty and hunger in the United States.

true

Globally, millions of children experience height stunting because of deficiencies in protein and other nutrients.

true

Growth stunting can adversely affect fertility.

true

In general, buying nutritious food at the grocery store has greater value than buying fast food at a drive-through restaurant.

true

It is possible to thermally purify the water supply.

true

Malaria is caused by a parasite-infected mosquito.

true

Malnutrition during fetal development can result in growth stunting.

true

The greatest risk faced by those who experience food insecurity is malnutrition.

true

The proper use of hybridization can increase crop yield by 100 to 400 percent.

true

Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common among malnourished children.

true

What deficiency is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children in developing countries?

vitamin A

Which of the following is defined as people who work but still experience poverty?

working poor