Nutrition Chapter 1

Consuming nutrient-dense foods helps to ensure a proper diet. One effective strategy is:

eating foods that have been minimally processed consuming foods with a high nutrient content compared to the kcalories provided. limiting added fats and sugars. all of these are effective strategies

When evaluating a nutritional study, which is the least important factor?

How many researchers were involved in the study

Where do most people in the U.S. get their nutrition information?

Mass media, i.e., television, magazines and newspapers

Which is NOT a true statement about nutritional studies using animals?

Results from animal studies can always be readily extrapolated to humans.

A substance found in plants which cannot be made by the body and is not necessary to sustain life, but has healthful benefits, is

a phytochemical.

One important principle of a healthy diet is to eat a variety of foods. In this context, "variety" refers to:

choosing a variety of foods from within food groups as well as among food groups

Eating turkey on Thanksgiving is an example of making a food choice based on:

cultural and family background.

In a controlled study, if neither the subjects nor the investigators know which subjects are receiving treatment, the study is called a(n)

double blind study.

Under-nutrition does not include:

eating too much saturated fat.

The discipline which explores the relationship between genetic variation and nutrition is called:

nutrigenomics.

Continued acceptance of a scientific theory depends on

the ability of other scientists to duplicate the original research and results.

What is true regarding the differences between a hypothesis and a theory?

A hypothesis is an educated guess and a theory is based on scientific study and reasoning.

An adverse or toxic reaction is most likely to occur if

an individual overuses vitamin and/or mineral supplements.

A processed food is defined as:

any food that has been changed from its natural state

Comparison of the amount of a particular nutrient consumed with the amount of the nutrient excreted is characteristic of a(an):

balance study.

Approximately 1000 college students were asked to keep a record of what supplemental vitamins they took and how many colds they had over the course of a year. The amount of vitamin C consumed was compared with the students' incidences of colds. This is an example of a(an)

epidemiological study.

Physiologic processes take place in the body to keep body temperature, heart rate, and blood sugar relatively constant. This stable state is called:

homeostasis.

One group of individuals is asked to eat a diet high in fruits, vegetables and dairy foods while a second group of individuals is asked to eat a diet with lower amounts of fruits, vegetables and dairy foods. The two groups' blood pressure readings are monitored and compared. This is an example of a(an):

intervention study.

The energy provided by foods is measured in:

kilocalories.

The correct sequence of events in the scientific method is:

make an observation, develop a hypothesis, conduct the experiment, and form a theory.

A measure of the nutrient content of a food compared to its energy content is referred to as

nutrient density

Researchers are interested in whether caffeine has any effect on short-term memory. A study is designed in which two groups of subjects are given capsules that look identical. Group A receives capsules containing caffeine and Group B receives capsules containing powdered sugar. Group B is being given a:

placebo.

Processed foods and convenience foods tend to ______ compared to freshly prepared foods.

provide more kcalories contain fewer nutrients be higher in fat, sugar, or salt all of these statements are true

The recommendation to eat everything in "moderation" refers to:

selecting appropriate portion sizes.

When subjects do not know which treatment they are receiving in a clinical trial, but the researchers do, the study is called:

single blind