Nutrition chapter 8

Older adults absorb calcium less efficiently than younger adults, so the Recommended Dietary Allowance for calcium for older adults increases to ______ mg/day.

1200

What is the RDA for iron in women under the age of 50?

18 mg/day

Which of the following is a good source of magnesium?

Beans

Which of the following are functions of calcium?

Blood clotting Muscle function Bone building

Milk and other dairy products are _____ sources of calcium.

Good

What food has the highest content of calcium?

Milk

A ____ is an inorganic dietary element found in nature.

Mineral

What is the term used for decreased bone mass related to the effects of aging, genetic background, and poor diet in both genders, and hormonal changes at menopause in women?

Osteoporosis

Select the primary function(s) of copper in the human body.

Part of enzymes Metabolism of oxygen

Which mineral is part of the genetic code in every cell, a functional component of bones and teeth, and a primary component of ATP?

Phosphorus

Which mineral is classified as a major mineral?

Potassium

Which of the following MyPlate food groups provides the richest sources of absorbable iron?

Protein

Select the food source that likely has the least amount of selenium per serving.

White bread

Which of the following are good plant sources of iron?

Whole grain bread Dried fruits

The absorption of calcium is diminished by the presence of

a high fiber diet. phytic acid. oxalic acid.

The primary function of iron is to:

aid in oxygen transportation

Heme iron is found in

animal foods

Where is most of the calcium in the body found?

bones

Individuals with lactose intolerance or cow's milk allergy may be at a higher risk of inadequacy.

calcium

These minerals are mostly stored in bones and teeth:

calcium phosphorus

Which of the following sources of iron is the most well absorbed and thus is more bioavailable?

chicken

The mineral ___ is a component of ceruloplasmin, a blood protein that functions in iron metabolism.

copper

The presence of oxalic or phytic acids in food can _____ the absorption of calcium from that food.

decrease

It is advised that female athletes at risk for iron deficiency be screened for hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels

during training at the beginning of training

Which of the following is a function of chromium?

enhancing insulin action

The RDA for iron for adult women is ____ the RDA for adult men.

greater than

The majority of iron is used in the body to form , a protein-iron compound in red blood cells.

hemoglobin

Among competitive athletes, marathoners may be at greater risk to develop anemia because of

inadequate dietary iron intake.

Which of the following groups are likely to be at higher risk of calcium inadequacy?

individuals with lactose intolerance women with anorexia nervosa vegans

In nutritional terms, a mineral is a(n) __________ element found in nature.

inorganic

Ben is a 56-year-old man who takes acid-reducing medications to treat a stomach ulcer. At his yearly check-up, he appears pale and reports unusual fatigue,shortness of breath, and difficulty concentrating on tasks at work. He most like has a deficiency of:

iron

The micronutrient that is the leading risk factor for death and disability worldwide is

iron

The following minerals are classified as major minerals:

magnesium calcium sodium

What is the main source of heme iron?

meat

When a mineral deficiency occurs, the body absorbs ______ of the mineral from foods, and the intestine excretes _____

more ; less

Intracellular calcium ions are involved in

muscle contraction.

The factors that may influence an individual's peak bone mass include:

race menstrual status heredity

Major minerals are

required by the body in amounts of 100 mg or greater per day classified by the amount of minerals required by the body

Signs and symptoms of an iron deficiency include

weakness.irritability.fatigue.

Magnesium is ______ distributed in foods.

widely

Certain athletes who may likely be at higher risk for iron deficiency include:

wrestlers distance runners male distance runners

Peak bone mass typically occurs in

young adulthood.

Soaking beans or grains prior to cooking will _____ iron bioavailability.

increase

Select the richest food source of selenium.

Brazil nuts

The Recommended Dietary Allowance for calcium for adults between the ages of 19 to 50 is mg.

1000

Which mineral is important in optimizing insulin activity?

Chromium

Select all of the dietary changes a person could make to increase iron absorption.

Consume nonheme sources of iron in combination with heme sources of iron. Choose a rich source of vitamin C, such as a glass of orange juice, when taking an iron supplement.

Which of the following body processes rely on phosphorus?

DNA and cell division Energy metabolism Cell membrane transport

Which of the following are functions of zinc?

DNA synthesis Energy production

Which of the following are functions of zinc in the human body?

DNA synthesis and function Immune system function Wound healing

Lana follows a lactoovovegetarian diet. Identify the best source of iron for Lana:

Dried fruits

The ___ minerals are those needed in amounts less than 100mg daily.

trace

Minerals required by the body in amounts less than 100 mg per day are classified as

trace minerals.

Minerals that are needed in very minute amounts (just micrograms per day) are called:

ultratrace minerals

Iron supplementation may need to be strongly considered for those typically at higher risk of having low serum ferritin levels, like:

vegetarian athletes female distance runners athletes on a restricted calorie intake.