nutrition exam 1 study questions

Which of the following is a lean source of protein? A. Eggs B. Turkey breast without skin C. 80% lean ground beef D. Prime beef rib toast

B. Turkey breast without skin

The client asks what foods are rich in protein and are less expensive than meat. Which foods would the nurse recommend they eat more of? A. Breads and cereals. B. Fish and shellfish C. Fruits and vegetables D. Beans, peas and lentils

D. Beans, peas and lentils

A client asks why sugar should be limited in the diet. What is the best response? A. "A high sugar intake causes dental caries if you don't brush your teeth shortly after eating." B. "Sugar provides more calories per gram than starch, protein, or fat." C. "There is a direct correlation between sugar intake and increased hunger." D. "Foods high in sugar generally provide few nutrients other than calories and may make it hard to consume a diet that has enough of all the essential nutrients."

D."Foods high in sugar generally provide few nutrients other than calories and may make it hard to consume a diet that has enough of all the essential nutrients."

A client is on a low-calorie diet that recommends she test her urine for ketones to tell how well she is adhering to the guidelines of the diet. What does the presence of ketones signify about her intake? a. It is too low in carbohydrates. b. It is too high in fat. c. It is too high in carbohydrates. d. It is too low in carbohydrates.

It is too low in carbohydrates.

Which of the following is not part of the four DGA? a. Attain and maintain a healthy body weight throughout life. b. focus on meeting food group needs with nutrient dense foods and beverages and stay within calorie limits c. customize and enjoy nutrient-dense foods and beverage choices. d. follow a healthy dietary pattern at every life stage.

a. Attain and maintain a healthy body weight throughout life.

Which might a client who has eaten too many dietetic candies sweetened with sorbitol experience? A. Diarrhea B. Heartburn C. Vomiting D. Low blood glucose

a. Diarrhea

Which of the following recommendations would be most effective for someone wanting to eat more fiber? a. Eat legumes more regularly. b. Eat raw vegetables in place of cooked vegetables. c. Use potatoes in place of white rice. d. Eat fruit for dessert in place of ice cream.

a. Eat legumes more regularly.

A client who is in a positive nitrogen balance is most likely to be: a. Pregnant b. Starving c. A healthy adult d. Losing weight

a. Pregnant

Which of the following food items is not nutrient dense? a. Sweetened applesauce b. Whole wheat bread c. Plain shredded wheat d. Plain low-fat yogurt with fruit

a. Sweetened applesauce

Which statement indicates the client understands vegetarian diets? a."Vegetarian diets are not adequate during pregnancy and lactation." b. "Vegetarians may need to take a vitamin B-12 supplement and other nutrients, depending on their actual food selection." c. "Vegetarian diets are always healthier than non vegetarian diets." d. "Vegetarians usually do not consume enough protein."

b. "Vegetarians may need to take a vitamin B-12 supplement and other nutrients, depending on their actual food selection."

What is the RDA for protein for a healthy adult who weighs 165 pounds? a. 40 g b. 60 g c. 75 g d. 132 g

b. 60 g

The client asks if the cholesterol in shrimp is the good or bad type. What is the nurse's best response? a. All cholesterol is bad cholesterol b. Bad and good refer to how cholesterol is packaged for transport through the blood. The cholesterol in food is unpackaged and neither bad nor good. c. Good cholesterol is found in plants, and bad cholesterol is found in animal sources. d. Shrimp has good cholesterol because it is low in saturated fat; foods high in cholesterol and saturated fat are a source of bad cholesterol.

b. Bad and good refer to how cholesterol is packaged for transport through the blood. The cholesterol in food is unpackaged and neither bad nor good.

Detrimental health outcomes are linked to excessive intakes of all of the following except: a. saturated fat b. carbohydrates c. added sugars d. sodium

b. Carbohydrates

Compared to refined grains, whole grains have more a. folic acid b. vitamin A c. vitamin C d. phytonutrients

d. phytonutrients

Which statement regarding the characteristics of lifestyle medicine is not true? a. medications are not used in conjunction with lifestyle medicine b. patients are expected to be active participants in their care c. patients are required to make major lifestyle changes d. treatment is always long term

a. medications are not used in conjunction with lifestyle medicine.

The nurse knows that the client understands their instructions about estimating portion sizes when the client verbalizes that one cup of dry cereal looks like a. one baseball b. one computer mouse c. one ping-pong ball d. one tennis ball

a. one baseball

The nurse knows that the client understands their instructions about grain equivalents when the client verbalizes that one grain equivalent is equal to a. one slice of bread b. two cups of ready to eat cereal c. one cup of cooked pasta d. one cup of cooked rice

a. one slice of bread

Recommended dietary allowances represent: a. the average amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the needs of almost all healthy people. b. the minimum amount of a nutrient necessary to avoid deficiency disease c. the optimal amount of a nutrient to prevent chronic disease d. the highest amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people

a. the average amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the needs of almost all healthy people.

Compared to a healthy U.S.-style eating pattern, a Mediterranean-style eating plan is generally a. higher in vegetables and whole grains. b. higher in seafood and lower in dairy. c. higher in oils and dairy. d. lower in protein foods and fruits.

b. higher in seafood and lower in dairy.

The typical American dietary pattern is a. low in refined grains b. low in whole grains c. high in fruit d. high in dairy products

b. low in whole grains

The nurse knows their explanation of glycemic index was effective when the client says? a. "Choosing foods that have a low GI is an effective way to eat healthier." b. "Low GI foods promote weight loss because they do not stimulate the release of insulin." c. "GI could help me choose the best foods to eat before, during, and after training." d. "GI is a term used to describe the amount of refined sugar in a food."

c. "GI could help me choose the best foods to eat before, during, and after training."

A client states that there is no way they can eat all the vegetables recommended in their MyPlate plan. What is the nurse's best response? a. "If you can't eat all the vegetables, then make up for the difference by eating more fruit." b. "Be sure to take a daily multivitamin to provide the nutrients that may be missing from your diet." c."Set a goal of eating larger quantities of the vegetable servings that you currently eat, and gradually increase the servings and variety as you become more skillful in adding vegetables to your diet." d. "No one can. The recommendations are only a guide. Just eat what you can."

c. "Set a goal of eating larger quantities of the vegetable servings that you currently eat, and gradually increase the servings and variety as you become more skillful in adding vegetables to your diet."

Which statement is accurate regarding characteristics of a healthy eating pattern? a. "The only healthy eating pattern is a vegetarian one." b. "Healthy eating patterns eliminate foods that are high in saturated fat, added calories, and sodium, such as fried foods, desserts, and snack chips." c. "Healthy eating patterns may reduce the risk of several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers." d. "Most young and middle-aged adults consume a healthy eating pattern."

c. Healthy eating patterns may reduce the risk of several chronic diseases: cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers.

The nurse knows their instructions about choosing whole grains in place of refined grains are understood by the client when they verbalize that they substitute a. Rice Krispies for puffed rice b. Bulgur for barley c. Shredded wheat cereal for puffed wheat cereal d. Quick oats for old-fashioned oats

c. Shredded wheat cereal for puffed wheat cereal

The client wants to eat fewer calories and lose weight by substituting regularly sweetened foods with those that are sweetened with sugar alternatives. Which would be the most effective at lowering calorie intake? A. Sugar-free cookies for regular cookies B. Sugar-free for chocolate candy C. Sugar-free soft drinks for regular soft drinks D. Sugar-free ice cream for regular ice cream

c. Sugar-free soft drinks for regular soft drinks.

What should the nurse tell a client who likes fish but refuses to eat it because of fear of mercury poisoning? a. You are justified to be concerned. To be safe, use fish oil supplements instead. b. You can eat as much fish as you want because most fish are not contaminated with even small amounts of mercury. c. The benefits of eating 8 oz/week of a variety of fish outweigh any potential risks from mercury. d. As a compromise, eat 4 oz of fish per week instead of 8 oz.

c. The benefits of eating 8 oz/week of a variety of fish outweigh any potential risks from mercury.

The DGA recommend that Americans do all of the following except a. limit saturated fat intake to less than 10% of total calories starting at age 2. b. limit sodium to less than 2300 mg/day for people 14 and older. c. limit total fat intake to less than 30% of calories beginning at age 2. d. limit added sugars to less than 10% of total calories beginning at age 2.

c. limit total fat intake to less than 30% of calories beginning at age 2.

"Moderate" alcohol consumption is a. 3 to 4 drinks per week for women and 6 to 8 drinks per week for men. b. up to 1 drink per day for both men and women c. up to 1 drink per day for women and up to 2 drinks per day for men. d. up to 2 drinks per day for women and up to 3 drinks per day for men.

c. up to 1 drink per day for women and up to 2 drinks per day for men