Nutrition Exam 3 chapter 10

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance

1-2%

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day

2300

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

60%

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

All are potentially at risk for dehydration

Which statement concerning electrolyte imbalance is true?

All of these statements are true.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

High body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production, thus dissipating excess heat

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

an increased diabetes risk

In most people, hypertension results from:

no obvious external cause

The shrinking of a strawberry from water loss after being sprinkled with sugar is an example of:

osmosis

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is best characterized by

plenty of fruits, vegetables & whole grains, with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

renin is released

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

snack crackers

In the United States, the typical diet is high in _______ and low in _______

sodium and chloride; potassium

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury

≤ 120/80

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

High potassium intake

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Sodium & potassium

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Sodium is primarily extracellular; potassium is primarily intracellular

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

added to food during processing and manufacturing.

Positively and negatively charged ions in water are called:

electrolytes

Sodium, chloride, and potassium in cells and body fluids are examples of:

electrolytes

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

fluid within cells

The best source of potassium per calorie comes from:

fruits and vegetables

The DASH diet is:

high in potassium, calcium and magnesium while low in sodium

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people

hypertension

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure