Nutrition exam review

Which of the following macronutrient distributions is consistent with the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges set by the Food and Nutrient Board? - 40 percent of daily calories as protein, 40 percent of daily calories as carbohydrate, 20 percent of daily calories as fat - 30 percent of daily calories as protein, 35 percent of daily calories as carbohydrate, 35 percent of daily calories as fat - 10 percent of daily calories as proteins, 65 percent of daily calories as carbohydrate, 25 percent of daily calories as fat - 15 percent of daily calories as protein, 45 percent of daily calories as carbohydrate, 40 percent of daily calories as fat

10 percent of daily calories as protein, 65 percent of daily calories as carbohydrates, 25 percent of daily calories as fat

The recommended daily intake of protein is ____ of total daily calories - less than 10 percent - 10-35 percent - 20-35 percent - 45-65 percent

10-35 percent

The average American diet includes about ____ of total daily calories as protein - 50 percent - 25 percent - 15 percent - 5 percent

15 percent

The recommended daily intake of fiber for women is ____ grams - 15 - 25 - 35 - 45

25

The recommended daily amount of fiber for men is _____ grams - 18 - 28 - 38 - more than 50

38

Carbohydrate provides ____ calories per gram - 4 - 7 - 9 - 12

4

Protein provides ____ calories per gram - 4 - 7 - 9 - 12

4

Alcohol provides ____ calories per gram - 4 - 7 - 9 - 12

7

Fat provides _____ calories per gram - 4 - 7 - 9 - 12

9

Of the 20 common amino acids, how many of these are termed "essential" ... - 3 - 9 - 18 - 29

9

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding alcohol? - it is not an essential nutrient - it supplies 7 calories of energy per gram - it plays an important role in supplying necessary enzymes - Alcohol is not an essential nutrient, and it supplies 7 calories of energy per gram - None of these statements is true

Alcohol is not an essential nutrient, and it supplies 7 calories of energy per gram.

Martha is a vegetarian and wants to eat a source of complete protein. Which of the following should she choose? - rice and beans - corn and beans - peanut butter and milk - either rice and beans or corn and beans

All of these choices are correct

Which of the following will help supply Carey with an adequate daily intake of protein? - 3 oz. of meat - 1/2 cup of tofu - 1 cup of yogurt - 1 and 1/2 ounces of cheese

All of these choices are correct

Consumption of whole grains has been linked to ... - a reduced risk of heart disease - a reduced risk of certain forms of cancer - a reduced risk of diabetes - a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes

all of these choices

Which of the following would be an effect of consuming omega-3 fatty acids? - they reduce the tendency of blood clot - they inhibit inflammation - they inhibit abnormal heart rhythms - they reduce the tendency of blood clot and inhibit abnormal heart rhythms

all of these choices are correct

Fiber can help ... - prevent constipation by increasing fecal bulk - manage diabetes by slowing the movement of glucose into the blood - reduce the absorption of cholesterol - prevent constipation by increasing fecal bulk and manage diabetes by slowing the movement of glucose into the blood

all of these choices are true

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding fats? - they are the most concentrated source of energy - food fats are composed of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids - food fats containing large amounts of saturated fatty acids are usually solid at room temperature - They are the most concentrated source of energy, and food fats are composed of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

all of these statements are true

Which of the following vitamins acts as an antioxidant? - vitamin E - vitamin C - vitamin A - vitamin E and C

all of these vitamins act as antioxidants

The building blocks of proteins are called ... - hormones - minerals - amino acids - enzymes

amino acids

Saturated fats are primarily found in ... - animal food sources and are liquid at room temperature - plant food sources and are solid at room temperature - plant food sources and are liquid at room temperature - animal food sources and are solid at room temperature

animal food sources and are solid at room temperature

Which of the following is a source of incomplete protein? - meat - beans - eggs - cheese

beans

High dosages of vitamin A are toxic and associated with an increased risk of ... - scurvy - anemia - birth defects - night blindness

birth defects

The major source of fuel for the nervous system, brain, and red blood cells is ... - proteins - carbohydrates - fats - vitamins

carbohydrates

All of the following contain mostly polyunsaturated fatty acids, EXCEPT ... - coconut oil - soybean oil - corn oil - cotton seed oil

coconut oil

Plant sources that provide small amounts of omega-3 fatty acids include all of the following, EXCEPT ... - coconut oil - flaxseed oil - canola oil - walnut oil

coconut oil

Meats, fish, poultry, and eggs are sources of ____ protein - complete - primary - secondary - incomplete

complete

Protein sources that provide all the amino acids that cannot be manufactured in the body are best described as ... - complete - essential - nonessential - incomplete

complete

The Food and Nutrition Board defines _____ as non digestible carbohydrates that occur naturally in plant foods. - dietary fiber - functional fiber - whole grains - viscous fiber

dietary fiber

The process in which foods you eat are broken down and absorbed is called ... - respiration - metabolism - digestion - catecation

digestion

Essential nutrients include all of the following, EXCEPT ... - vitamins - minerals - enzymes - amino acids

enzymes

The major source of fuel for the body during rest and light activity is ... - proteins - carbohydrates - fats - vitamins

fats

Which low intake of this vitamin has been linked to increase heart disease risk? - vitamin D - vitamin A - folate - riboflavin

folate

The liver and muscles store carbohydrates in the form of ... - glucose - glycogen - fructose - sucrose

glycogen

Which of the following are richest in complex carbohydrates? - grains and legumes - fruits,milk, and cheese - milk and vegetables - fruits and honey

grains and legumes

All of the following are good sources of fiber, EXCEPT ... - avocado - hamburger - oatmeal - winter squash

hamburger

Foods from most plant sources supply _____ proteins - complete - primary - secondary - incomplete

incomplete

Fats are also called ... - lipids - enzymes - glycogen - glycerol

lipids

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding trans fatty acids? - they raise the levels of low-density lipoproteins in the blood - they lower the levels of high-density lipoproteins in the blood - they increase one's risk of developing heart diseases - they lower the levels of high-density lipoproteins in the blood and increase one's risk of developing heart disease

none of these are false

The best source of vitamin C is a(n) ... - orange - hamburger - glass of milk - slice of whole-grain bread

orange

Which of the following does NOT contain mostly monounsaturated fatty acids? - olive oil - safflower - peanut oil - palm oil

palm oil

In order to determine the presence of trans fat in given product, consumers should check the label for ... - cholesterol content - unsaturated fat levels - partially hydrogenated oils - carbohydrate content

partially hydrogenated oils

The essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linoleic, are both ... - polyunsaturated - saturated - monounsaturated - hydrosaturated

polyunsaturated

Which of the following foods is NOT considered a simple carbohydrate? - potato - orange juice - table sugar - milk

potato

Leading sources of saturated fat in the American diet include all of the following, EXCEPT ... - red meats - whole milk and cheese - poultry - hot dogs and lunch meats

poultry

The main structural components of the body, muscles, and bones are made up of ... - proteins - fats - lipids - carbohydrates

proteins

When John doesn't eat enough carbohydrates to satisfy his body's need, where will his body get the needed carbohydrates? - fats - proteins - vitamins - minerals

proteins

_______ is often added to cereals or used in fiber supplements and laxatives, improves intestinal health, and also helps control glucose and cholesterol levels. - trillium - millium - psyllium - fyllium

psyllium

The primary function of vitamins is to ... - serve as an important component of muscle - provide texture and flavor to foods - supply energy to body cells - regulate various chemical reactions within cells

regulate various chemical reactions within cells

A good source of omega-3 fatty acids is ... - chicken - pork - spinach - salmon

salmon

To control your blood cholesterol levels, the most important action you can take is to limit the amount of _______ in your diet - polyunsaturated fat - saturated and trans fat - monounsaturated fat - omega-3 fat

saturated and trans fat

Probably the best-known deficiency disease, caused by lack of vitamin C in the diet, is ... - beriberi - anemia - gingivitis - scurvy

scurvy

Refined carbohydrates ... - tend to be much lower in fiber and vitamins than their unrefined counterparts - contain both the germ and bran of whole grains - take longer to digest than unrefined carbohydrates - keep blood sugar and insulin levels low

tend to be much lower in fiber and vitamins than their unrefined counterparts

Which of the following statement is FALSE regarding simple carbohydrates? - they contain only one or two sugar units in each molecule - they are found in a variety of plants - they are found naturally in fruits and milk - there is no evidence that any simple carbohydrate is more nutritious than others

they are found in a variety of plants

Which of the following statement is FALSE regarding omega-6 fatty acids? - they are another form of polyunsaturated fat - they contain the essential nutrient linoleic acid - they are primarily found in palm and coconut oils - some nutritionists recommend people reduce the proportion of omega-6s they consume in favor of omega-3s

they are primarily found in palm and coconut oils

Which of the following is NOT a function of fats? - they help insulate your body - they support and cushion your organs - they form important components of blood and some hormones - they help your body absorb fat-soluble vitamins

they form important components of blood and some hormones

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding vegetable oils that have been hydrogenated? - they tend to be higher in saturated fat - they tend to be lower in saturated fat - they tend to be liquid at room temperature - they tend to be lower in saturated fat and liquid at room temperature

they tend to be higher in saturated fat

A by-product of hydrogenation is ... - monounsaturated fats - trans fatty acids - cholesterol - triglycerides

trans fatty acids

When reducing fat intake, the emphasis should be placed on lowering intake of ... - omega-3 fatty acids - linoleic acid - trans fatty acids - monounsaturated fats

trans fatty acids

Most of the fats in food are in the form of ... - cholesterol - low-density lipids - triglycerides - high-density lipids

triglycerides

Which of the following is NOT a fat-soluble vitamin - vitamin A - vitamin B - vitamin D - vitamin K

vitamin B

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin? - vitamin D - vitamin C - vitamin E - vitamin K

vitamin C

Two vitamins produced within the body are ... - vitamin D and vitamin K - vitamin C and vitamin D - niacin and vitamin K - vitamin B and biotin

vitamin D and vitamin K

Which of the following essential nutrients does NOT supply energy? - proteins - fats - carbohydrates - vitamins

vitamins

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding vitamins? - vitamins are required by the body in large amounts - vitamins are important in the maintenance of the immune system - vitamins provide direct energy to the body - vitamins are best taken in the form of vitamin supplements

vitamins are important in the maintenance of the immune system

The refinement of whole grains transforms whole-wheat flour into ... - whole-wheat flour dust - white flour - unrefined whole-wheat flour - enriched whole-wheat flour

white flour