Nutrition Flashcards APES

Overnutrition

opposite of undernutrition in which intake of necessary nutrients is oversupplied; amount of nutrients consumed surpasses proper amount required for normal bodily functions

Pellagra

vitamin deficiency disease caused by prolonged absence/lack of vitamin B3 in the diet

Scurvy

disease caused by the lack of vitamin C; can result in a number of health problems ranging from jaundice to death

Marasmus

Form of severe malnutrition; caused by extreme lack of caloric intake; calorie/energy deficiency

Kwashiorkor

Form of severe malnutrition; caused by insufficient protein intake; different than marasmus; common in children who are weaned off of breast milk and onto a high carb but protein lacking diet

Vitamin K deficiency

caused by lack of consumption of vitamin K (K1, K2, or both); can lead to liver disease and uncontrollable bleeding; uncommon in people with diets consisting of leafy vegetables

Rickets and Osteomalacia

caused by the lack of vitamin D within the diet; rickets is the term used when the condition in found in children and osteomalacia is used for adults (they are the same disease); leads to the weakening of the skeletal structure and other bone complications such as aches, fractures, and enlargement of the joints

Anemia (iron deficiency)

condition in which RBC (red blood cell) count/hemoglobin amount is less than normal; more specifically iron deficiency anemia is caused by a lack or iron within the body, which helps make red blood cells

Beriberi

deficiency of vitamin B1; can affect the cardiovascular or nervous system depending on the type of beriberi one is diagnosed with

Malnutrition

imbalance (lack of or excess of) proper amount of nutrients within the body; can lead to several abnormalities/deficiencies if allowed to continue

Iodine deficiency

lack of the elements iodine within the body; often results in goiters, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland; large goiters can cause complications to breathing and swallowing

Undernutrition

poor health due to lack of food and/or failure of the body to absorb or assimilate nutrients properly; one form of malnutrition

VAD

stands for 'Vitamin A deficiency'; caused by lack of intake of vitamin A; common in developing countries and is responsible for over 250,000,000 children going blind each year

Golden rice

variety of rice with increased levels of vitamin A; created through genetic modification for the purpose of lowering the number of people with a deficiency of vitamin, specifically in poor countries; though it has been under wide criticism, science shows that golden rice has no known adverse effects on human health