nutrition quizzes 5&6

Jared has a high risk of cardiovascular disease because he has

hypertension

Duncan's diet contains high amounts of protein and fat, but it is very low in carbohydrate. As a result of following this diet, Duncan's body forms more than normal amounts of

ketone bodies

According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?

losing excess body fat

Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids.

saturated

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. Based on this information, the compound is a

saturated fatty acid

Which of the following foods is the richest source of saturated fat? Select one: a. egg yolks b. coconut oil c. olive oil d. chicken fat

coconut oil

What is the major difference between soluble and insoluble forms of fiber?

Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are

galactose, glucose, and fructose.

Theresa is concerned that her 10-year-old son may have type 1 diabetes. Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

losing weight despite increased appetite

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Having high HDL cholesterol is associated with increased risk of heart disease. b. Foods that contain cholesterol should be avoided because the substance is toxic to human cells. c. A diet that is high in saturated fat helps reduce high blood cholesterol levels. d. LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to other tissues

LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to other tissues

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Infants should not be fed honey because it may contain botulism spores. b. Sucralose provides 4 kcal/gram. c. Most "artificial" sweeteners have been banned by the FDA because of safety concerns. d. A person who has phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid products that contain saccharin.

a. Infants should not be fed honey because it may contain botulism spores.

Which of the following substances is a dietary essential?

alpha-linolenic acid

Which of the following substances emulsifies lipids during digestion? Select one: a. salivary amylase b. bile salts c. soluble fiber d. pancreatic lipase

bile salts

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Insoluble fiber swells in water, which attracts cholesterol molecules to the fiber. b. The human intestinal tract breaks down dietary fiber into glucose molecules. c. A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation. d. The human body stores soluble fiber in muscle tissue.

c. A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation.

glycogen is the

carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue

Which of the following foods is the richest source of cholesterol? Select one: a. Wheat germ b. Palm oil c. Coconut oil d. Chicken breast

chicken breast

The largest and least dense lipoprotein is a

chylomicron

Which of the following foods contributes large amounts of trans fat in American diets? Select one: a. liquid corn oil b. commercial baked goods c. chocolate and candies d. salad dressings

commercial baked goods

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add?

cooked beans

According to Cleo's physician, her blood cholesterol level is too high. Which of the following foods can Cleo add to her diet to help lower her cholesterol?

cooked oatmeal

Which of the following groups of foods are sources of starch?

corn, potatoes, and rice

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. All forms of lipoproteins are considered unhealthy because they increase the risk of diabetes. b. Your intestinal cells convert bile into chylomicrons. c. VLDLs transport most cholesterol in blood to the liver for disposal. d. Cigarette smoking increases the production of oxidized LDL cholesterol.

d. Cigarette smoking increases the production of oxidized LDL cholesterol.

Anna has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Anna tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 88 mg/dl. Based on this information, Anna should

do nothing to intervene, because her blood glucose level is normal

Maggie was a subject in a clinical study that was designed to determine the effects of certain diets on health. While participating in the study, she was given a synthetic formula diet that provided vitamins, minerals, choline, egg protein, purified water, and potato starch. Within a few weeks, Maggie's hair began to fall out and she developed patches of scaly skin on her arms and legs. When _____ were added to her formula, the signs of the nutritional deficiency disappeared.

essential fatty acids

Mike likes to drink a commercially prepared chocolate milk. According to the label, the flavored milk contains 2% milk, water, high-fructose corn syrup, evaporated cane juice, saccharin, and natural vanilla flavoring. The sources of carbohydrate in this beverage are

evaporated cane juice, 2% milk, and high-fructose corn syrup.

Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Honey is a rich source of fructose. b. Beans are a good source of galactose. c. Sweetened soft drinks are a good source of lactose. d. An egg is a rich source of carbohydrate.

honey is a rich source of fructose

A group of scientists designed a clinical study to investigate the effects of cholesterol deficiency in humans. For the duration of the 8-week study, the adult subjects must live in a special research unit of a hospital. The only food the subjects can consume is a synthetic formula that contains all known nutrients, except cholesterol. Based on this information, you would expect

none of the subjects to show signs and symptoms of a cholesterol deficiency during the entire study

lecithin is a type of

phospholipid

most lipid digestion occurs in the

small intestine

If your diet supplies more glucose than you need, the excess can be

stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her iced tea with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

sucralose