Nutrition

More than ________ percent of Americans report no daily leisure-time physical activity A) 5 B) 10 C) 15 D) 20

20

) The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism recommends that those over age 65 who are healthy and do not take medications should limit alcohol consumption to 7 drinks a week and no more than ________ on a given day. A) 3 drinks B) 5 drinks C) 3 beers D) 5 beers

3 drinks

What proportion of the U.S. adult population is considered as being overweight or obese? A) 39% B) 49% C) 59% D) 69%

49%

What minimum amount of body weight loss (lbs) is shown to improve physical capabilities and quality of life? A) 5-10 B) 10-15 C) 15-20 D) 20-25

5-10

) What is the recommendation for moderate physical activity to maintain weight loss? A) 15-20 minutes daily B) 30-45 minutes daily C) 60-90 minutes daily D) 95-110 minutes daily

60-90 minutes daily

What is the result of the enhanced LPL activity? A) Fat accumulation in the adipocytes increases. B) Fat accumulation in the adipocytes decreases. C) Hypertrophy decreases. D) Hyperplasia decreases

Fat accumulation in the adipocytes increases

Which of the following is a hormone that stimulates hunger? A) leptin B) ghrelin C) insulin D) cholecystokinin

Ghrelin

Although adults are responsible for what a child is offered to eat, the child is responsible for whether and how much he or she eats. A) True B) False

True

Among older adults, stomach emptying may slow, and this may reduce hunger and food and nutrient intake. A) True B) False

True

Brain function may slow because of an age-related decline in blood flow and the levels of neurotransmitters. A) True B) False

True

Calcium, magnesium, and potassium-rich foods may lower blood pressure. A) True B) False

True

Children with weak family bonds are more likely to skip meals, and choose unhealthy foods compared to children whose families have strong bonds. A) True B) False

True

Community resources for older adults such as congregate meals have been effective in providing nutritional support. A) True B) False

True

Consumption of broccoli, corn, squash, and dark green, leafy vegetables may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration and blindness. A) True B) False

True

Decreased saliva production, dysphagia, reduced gastric secretions, and slower GI motility are common gastrointestinal difficulties among older adults. A) True B) False

True

Eating breakfast improves children's' energy levels, nutrient intake, and mental performance throughout the day. A) True B) False

True

If a child's parents and caregivers do not eat fruits and vegetables, the child is not likely to learn to enjoy them. A) True B) False

True

Most older people do not meet national physical activity guidelines. A) True B) False

True

New foods may need to be offered more than ten times before a child accepts them. A) True B) False

True

Older adults need to drink 6 8-ounce glasses of water every day. A) True B) False

True

Older adults should to read the labels on both prescribed and over-the-counter medications, to learn possible adverse interactions supplements and botanicals they may take. A) True B) False

True

Over consumption of energy, inadequate physical activity, the home and community environment, media and advertising represent factors which can promote obesity but family with strong parenteral bonds can overcome these influences. A) True B) False

True

Participation in federal school meal programs prevents hunger and improves diet quality among poor children. A) True B) False

True

Progressive age-related loss of muscle mass (Sarcopenia) and bone density in elderly women is common A) True B) False

True

Social, cultural, economic, and environmental influences on child can be modified by parents to support healthy eating and adequate physical activity. A) True B) False

True

The first step in helping an overweight child is to get him or her evaluated by a health professional. A) True B) False

True

The term Sarcopenia means loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and function A) True B) False

True

Toddlers grow more slowly than infants. A) True B) False

True

Toddlers should have no more than 6 ounces of 100-percent juice daily while avoiding soda and other sugary drinks. A) True B) False

True

Vision, hearing, taste, and smell are diminished with age, and these losses may in turn reduce appetite, food intake, and eating enjoyment. A) True B) False

True

Vitamins A, D, and B12 and the minerals iron, zinc, and calcium are under-consumed by older adults. A) True B) False

True

Young children need to be supervised while eating. A) True B) False

True

Child refuses anything but macaroni and cheese. This is called A) a finicky eater. B) fussy eating. C) a food jag. D) food jagging

a food jag

A diet high in saturated fat and low in antioxidants and fiber can ________ the aging process. A) minimally neutralize B) stop C) reduce D) accelerate

accelerate

Calcium, vitamin D, and iron are key nutrients during A) infancy. B) childhood. C) toddlerhood. D) adolescence

adolescence

A growth spurt and the onset of puberty are characteristics of A) infants. B) toddlers. C) adolescents. D) young children

adolescents

Obese children are likely to ________ during adulthood. A) become bulimic B) remain obese C) become underweight D) become anorexic

become anorexic

Increased consumption of soft drinks and decreased milk consumption can compromise A) teeth development. B) bone development. C) red blood cell formation. D) formation of cartilage

bone development

The effect of regular exercise on the heart and lung function is known as the A) muscle fitness. B) muscle endurance. C) cardiopulmonary adaptation. D) cardiorespiratory conditioning

cardiorespiratory conditioning

Parents need to advise ________ of their child's allergens. A) caregivers, and other parents B) other children C) pediatricians D) no one

caregivers, and other parents

Decisions about how much of a food is eaten by a child should be made by A) mother and child. B) child. C) caregiver. D) grandparent

child.

Older adults who can drive and do not have enough money for food would benefit from A) meals on wheels. B) congregate meals. C) the Older Americans Act. D) Older American Meals

congregate meals

Children who have school breakfast A) are more likely to be overweight than those who do not. B) and school lunch are more overweight than those who have only one meal at school. C) are more overweight than those who do not. D) demonstrate higher academic performance than those who do not

demonstrate higher academic performance than those who do not

With aging, the senses of vision, hearing, taste, and smell A) expand. B) diminish. C) stabilize. D) disappear.

diminish

Healthy weight can be defined as a body weight that A) enhances an individual's physical attributes. B) is generally acceptable in society. C) does not increase the risk of developing the weight-related health problems or diseases. D) is the easiest to maintain by all individuals of a given height and age.

does not increase the risk of developing the weight-related health problems or diseases.

Reduced muscle mass or sarcopenia can be alleviated by A) eating more plant protein. B) eating more animal protein. C) eating more protein. D) doing more strength-training exercises. Answer:

doing more strength-training exercises

Poor body image, emotional issues, and peer pressure tend to lead to A) eating disorders. B) obesity. C) anemia. D) arthritis

eating disorders

Skipping breakfast is a behavior modification that can be adopted to implement weight loss. A) True B) False

false

Metabolism slows with age, so older adults need ________kilocalories than younger people. A) fewer B) more C) more fiber D) more fat

fewer

Two key nutrients which should not be overconsumed by toddlers are A) vitamin C and folate. B) fiber and iron. C) fiber and folate. D) iron and calcium

fiber and iron

The 85-and-older population in US is A) stabilizing. B) growing slowly. C) growing rapidly. D) decreasing

growing rapidly

The best way to monitor a child's growth is to A) monitor his height every month. B) monitor his weight every month. C) compare the child to his siblings or siblings in the family. D) plot and interpret the child's CDC growth chart

plot and interpret the child's CDC growth chart

The amount of food in a serving is often influenced by the size of the package or bowl that it is served from. A) True B) False

true

What is a safe rate of the weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people? A) 0.5-2 lbs/week B) 3-4 lbs/week C) 5% body weight/month D) 7.5% body weight/month

0.5-2 lbs/week

) As a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight in women? A) 800 B) 1200 C) 1600 D) 1800

1200

Among the following, which is the most important strategy for an underweight person who wishes to achieve a healthy body weight? A) A high-kcalorie diet plus the regular exercise B) A high-kcalorie diet and the minimal exercise C) A high-protein diet plus the regular exercise D) Total elimination of the alcohol and exercise

A high-kcalorie diet plus the regular exercise

________ can be triggered by learned behavior and emotions such as anxiety and stress. A) Appetite B) Hunger C) Satiety D) Fatigue

Appetite

Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, heart disease, stroke, and cancer in elderly are linked to A) poor nutrition. B) inactivity. C) both A and B D) isolation

Both A and B

During adolescence, rapid bone growth calls for adequate calcium and vitamin ________ intake. A) C B) A C) D D) B1

D

Which of the following are features of the physical activity and exercise? A) Neither involves enhanced energy expenditure B) Exercise, but not physical activity, involves muscle contractions C) Exercise, but not physical activity, involves aerobic activity. D) Exercise, but not physical activity, is thought to be repetitive, structured, and planned

Exercise, but not physical activity, is thought to be repetitive, structured, and planned

If children say that they are finished eating, adults should insist that their children clean their plates. This is especially true for vegetables because they are so nutrient-dense. A) True B) False

False

What effect does skipping the breakfast have on daily food intake patterns? A) It reduces daily kilocalorie consumption. B) It increases impulsive snacking. C) It reduces sugar intake. D) It allows more high-nutrition items to be added to the daily diet.

It increases impulsive snacking

An elderly woman lives alone in rural area, has arthritis, She does not drive a car. Which program would you recommend for her nutrition? A) Older Americans Act B) Food Stamp program C) Congregate meals D) Meals on Wheels

Meals on Wheels

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fat cell development? A) The amount of fat in the body is directly determined by the size of the fat cells. B) Fat cell number increases most readily during early adulthood, when energy expenditure declines. C) More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight persons. D) When energy out exceeds energy in, fat cell size and number both decrease

More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight persons

Which of the following defines the body's set point? A) Minimum weight of a person B) Maximum weight of a person C) Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight D) Point at which the physical discomforts of severe obesity overcome the desire to eat

Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight

________ is the most satiating of all the nutrients and has been shown to reduce the food intake. A) Carbohydrate B) Lipid C) Protein D) Fiber

Protein

After a diagnosis of osteoporosis, a balanced diet, dietary supplements as necessary, and regular weight-bearing exercise and medications can slow bone loss. A) True B) False

True

) Children who bring lunch from home should be involved in the planning and preparation of the lunch so they are more likely to consume it. A) True B) False

True

) Foods which are rich in calcium, vitamins D and K, and protein may slow the development of osteoporosis. A) True B) False

True

) Green, leafy vegetables; blueberries, cherries, and raspberries may decrease the risk of cataracts. A) True B) False

True

) Skipping meals, choosing unhealthy foods, and excessive dieting are common among teens. A) True B) False

True

) Among older adults, social isolation, solitary eating, and depression are linked to A) diminished smell. B) diminished taste. C) vision loss. D) hearing loss

hearing loss

Children who participate in the National School Lunch Program have ________ diet quality lunch meals as compared to those who bring lunch from home. A) lower B) similar C) higher D) higher plate waste and

higher

Older adults are at increased risk of A) anemia. B) hypertension. C) eating disorders. D) pica.

hypertension

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases the risk of obesity? A) lack of time B) increased availability of fruits and vegetables throughout the year C) lack of physical activity D) abundant food supply and large portion sizes

increased availability of fruits and vegetables throughout the year

Which factor correlates with the weight gain among children and adults in recent decades? A) popularity of high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets B) increased consumption of sugary beverages C) higher intake of low-glycemic foods D) accessibility of high-protein, low-fat meals

increased consumption of sugary beverages

Poor nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle are ________ older Americans' risk for chronic disease and premature death. A) reducing B) increasing C) neutralizing D) zeroing

increasing

Disabilities such as trouble with mobility, vision, or hearing are A) interfering with the ability of older adults to shop for food and prepare meals. B) rare among older adults. C) neutralized because most older adults receive congregate meals or meals-on-wheels. D) temporary.

interfering with the ability of older adults to shop for food and prepare meals.

) Regular daily exercise contributes to weight loss in all of the following ways except A) it reduces the number of adipocytes. B) it uses fat stored in adipocytes for fuel. C) it reduces the size of adipocytes. D) it increases the ratio of lean body mass to fat mass

it reduces the number of adipocytes.

An example of a behavior modification technique for the weight control is to A) cook your own meals B) keep an accurate record of your eating habits C) always clean your plate when you eat. D) have someone watch you to prevent overeating

keep an accurate record of your eating habits

Older adults should strive to reach their possible________. A) longevity. B) lifespan. C) chronologic age. D) chronologic and physical age

lifespan

Linda weighs 210 pounds. She is currently considering a weight-loss regimen. What would be considered a reasonable goal for Linda over the next six months? A) lose 9 pounds B) lose 16 pounds C) lose 21 pounds D) lose 30 pounds

lose 21 pounds

In weight training, muscle strength can best be emphasized by performing a A) low number of repetitions with heavy weight. B) low number of repetitions with lighter weight. c) high number of repetitions with heavy weight. D) high number of repetitions with lighter weight.

low number of repetitions with heavy weight

A child's home environment exerts ________ influence over health behaviors. A) partial B) no C) minimum D) maximum

maximum

Toddlers grow ________ infants. A) more slowly than B) at the same rate as C) faster than D) shorter in stature compared to

more slowly than

Children living in poverty consume lower-quality diets and are more likely to be A) obese. B) heavy. C) underweight. D) normal weight

obese

Athletes with healthy diet can safely add the muscle tissue by A) tripling the protein intake. B) taking the hormones duplicating those of the puberty. C) putting a demand on the muscles repeatedly by making them work harder. D) relying on the protein for muscle fuel and decreasing intake of the carbohydrates.

putting a demand on the muscles repeatedly by making them work harder.

The major function of lipoprotein lipase is to A) assist bile in the digestion of the dietary lipids. B) remove triglycerides from the blood for storage in the adipose tissues. C) trigger adipokine release from the adipose tissue. D) release the triglycerides from storage within adipocytes

remove triglycerides from the blood for storage in the adipose tissues

According to one weight control theory, each individual has a genetically established body weight, known as the A) baseline. B) set point. C) natural weight. D) genetic weight.

set point

When a child is asked to "clean" his plate, even if she is full, A) she learns to appreciate parental wisdom. B) she learns to appreciate parental authority. C) she will learn to eat the right foods. D) she may become overweight.

she may become overweight

Older adults need to drink A) six to eight 8-ounce glasses of fluids every day, most of it as water. B) water as needed. C) as much water as possible, until the urine is yellow. D) as little water as possible

six to eight 8-ounce glasses of fluids every day, most of it as water

Among older adults, butter or olive oil, cheese, nuts, fresh herbs, mustard, hot pepper, spices, or lemon or lime juice can be added to improve the diminished sense of A) smell. B) nutrient losses. C) constipation. D) reduced GI motility

smell

) What kind of studies first demonstrated the relationship of the genes to obesity? A) studies of lab animals B) studies of food chemistry C) studies of separated twins D) studies of life expectancy

studies of separated twins

For toddlers to try unfamiliar foods, A) they need to be asked three times. B) they need to see their parents try new foods. C) parents need to insist on just one bite of the food. D) parents need to insist on two bites of the food

they need to see their parents try new foods

According to the National Institutes of Health, a reasonable goal for weight loss is to lose 10 percent of body weight in six months. A) True B) False

true

Daily self-weighing has been shown to improve body satisfaction and help maintain the weight loss. A) True B) False

true

Calcium, iron, and zinc and a daily source of vitamin B12 are key nutrients for A) toddlers who eat meat. B) toddlers who are picky eaters. C) vegetarian toddlers. D) female toddlers

vegetarian toddlers

The number one physical activity among older Americans is A) walking. B) running. C) power walking. D) gardening

walking.

The best fluid for toddlers to drink is A) water. B) 100 percent juice. C) warm water. D) hot water

water