nutrition test 2

Which of the following statements is true?

A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation

Which of the following statements is true?

A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.

Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid?

Alpha-linolenic acid

Which of the following statements is true?

Fat contributes to the flavor of foods.

Which of the following foods provides the most carbohydrates per 4-ounce serving?

Fat-free milk

Which of the following organs is the main site for detoxifying alcohol?

Liver

Cameron was born with a condition that requires him to limit eating foods that contain phenylalanine. Based on this information, Cameron has

PKU.

Max wants to restrict the added sugar intake of his 5-year-old son. He should

give the child low-fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks.

Phil is a healthy college student. When he wakes up in the morning, he can't wait to eat breakfast. While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes ________ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits.

glucagon

Glycogen is composed of ________ molecules.

glucose

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as

glycogen.

The ________ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans.

liver

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. The only other elements in the compound are hydrogen and oxygen. Based on this information, the compound is a (an) _____ fatty acid.

saturated

Table sugar is nearly ________ carbohydrate.

100%

Theresa drank 5 ounces of wine. This amount of wine has about as much alcohol as the amount that is in

12 ounces of beer

Bethaney is 20 years of age and weighs 50 kg. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is ________ grams.

40

Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is ________ grams.

80

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add?

Beans

The liver uses cholesterol to make

Bile

Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome?

Blood pressure that is consistently higher than normal

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber?

Brown rice

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving?

By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels.

Which of the followings statements is true?

Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat?

Cheese

Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's

DNA.

________ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function.

Denaturation

According to Cleo's physician, her blood cholesterol level is too high. Which of the following foods can Cleo add to her diet to help lower her cholesterol?

Fiber-fortified ready-to-eat cereal

Which of the following statements is true?

Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Nervous system cells rely on primary_____ for energy.

Glucose

________ is the primary fuel for active muscles.

Glucose

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues?

HDL

Which of the following characteristics or conditions increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Hypertension

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, a BAC of 0.08% is the legal limit for intoxication for adult drivers

Which of the following characteristics is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Increasing age

Which of the following label resources can you use to determine whether a canned food has high quality protein?

Ingredients' list

Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat?

Legumes

________ acid is an essential fatty acid

Linoleic

Mason would like to compare the saturated fat contents of salad dressings. To obtain this information, he should read the ________ on the products' labels.

Nutrition Facts panel

When she prepares food, Felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should she select?

Olive oil

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

Peanut butter on crackers

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?

Peanuts

If you wanted to include a starchy food to your meal, which of the following foods would you add?

Potatoes

Which of the following substances is a polysaccharide?

Soluble fiber

What is the major difference between soluble and insoluble forms of fiber?

Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water.

During digestion, which of the following substances denatures the proteins in food?

Stomach acid

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

Sucralose

Macey would like to sweeten her tea with a nonnutritive sweetener that provides no calories per teaspoon. Which of the following sweeteners would she use?

Sucralose

________ is a source of sucrose.

Sugar cane

Which of the following foods or beverages is the main source of added sugars in American diets?

Sugar-sweetened soft drinks

Which of the following statements about food labels is true?

The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food.

Which of the following statements is true?

The human body normally uses very little protein for energy

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

Tuna fish

Which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?

Weighing more than average

When Leah parties with her friends, she usually drinks 6 beers during a 2-hour party. At this level of alcohol consumption, she is

a binge drinker.

Proteins

are comprised of amino acids.

Women who are trying to become pregnant or are pregnant should

avoid all forms of alcohol.

Pearson's mother and father have type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, Pearson should

avoid gaining excess weight.

The liver recycles bile salts to make new

bile.

The body uses proteins to make

certain hormones.

A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid

consuming foods that contain gluten.

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be

converted into fat and stored.

Consuming too much protein or excess amino acids can contribute to

dehydration.

The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label

does not include information about the product's protein quality.

When cells have more glucose than they need energy, they may convert some of the excess into

fat.

An amino acid does not contain a(an)

fatty acid.

Most lipids have ________ in their chemical structures.

fatty acids

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well. He lacks much interest in playing, he has lost weight, his breath has a strange odor, and he seems to be thirsty all the time. Based on this information, Lena should

have her son tested for type 1 diabetes.

Insulin

helps glucose enter cells

Duncan's diet contains high amounts of protein and fat, but it is very low in carbohydrate. As a result of following this diet, Duncan's body forms more ________ than normal.

ketone bodies

Clayton is a 19-year-old college student. He avoids milk, because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach and gives him intestinal "gas." However, he can eat yogurt and certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms. Based on this information, Clayton probably has

lactose intolerance.

A chylomicron is a type of

lipoprotein.

Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of ________ cancer.

pancreatic

Lecithin is a type of

phospholipid.

A gene is a

piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

Jacob is a healthy, active 14-year-old boy. Recently, he began to experience a growth spurt. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance.

positive

The body uses essential fatty acids to make

prostaglandins.

Plant-based diets may not supply enough ________ to meet a child's needs.

protein

Glucagon

raises blood glucose levels.

To reduce her intake of added sugars, Isabelle should

replace regular soft drinks with plain water.

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

starch

Subcutaneous fat does not

stimulate red blood cell production.

While at a party, Dimitrius became drunk after consuming 6 cans of beer and 2 shots of whiskey. To sober up, he should

stop drinking and give his liver time to metabolize the alcohol.

The primary function of an adipose cell is

storing fat.

Glycogen is

the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue.

Manny's blood alcohol concentration is 0.36. Based on this information, Manny is

unconscious.

The typical vegetarian diet supplies high amounts of

vitamin C.