nutrition test - chapter 4

Select all of the following that are nutritive sweeteners.

Sorbitol Sucrose High-fructose corn syrup

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

To provide energy for the body

What is a digestible straight-chain type of starch composed of glucose units called?

amylose

Is milk a natural source of sucrose?

no

The monosaccharides and the disaccharides are designated as _____ because they provide calories.

nutritive sweeteners

Fiber is a type of

polysaccharide.

Carbohydrates containing many glucose units, from 1000 or more are called _____.

polysaccharides

What is the adequate intake level for fiber in adult women? Multiple choice question.

25 grams

Which description best describes a starch?

A carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose attached together in a form the body can digest

Which polysaccharide is a digestible, branched-chain type of starch composed of glucose units?

amylopectin

Differentiate between the following types of digestible starch:

amylopectin -> highly branched chain of glucose units amylose -> straight chain of glucose units

Which of the following are examples of polysaccharides?

amylopectin amylose cellulose

Name the long, straight-chain type of starch that makes up about 20% of digestible starch. Multiple choice question.

amylose

Vegetables, beans, breads, pasta, and rice are common food sources of

amylose.

Soluble fiber ______ the absorption of cholesterol and cholesterol-rich bile acids into the blood.

decreases

True or false: Vegetables must be consumed raw to enjoy their nutrient benefits.

false

Which macronutrient provides 9 kilocalories per gram?

fat

What is the major monosaccharide in the body?

glucose

The advantage of the branched structure of ______ is that it allows multiple enzymes to attach to its structure and break it apart quickly.

glycogen

Anna's blood test showed that her fasting blood sugar was 150 mg/dl. According to these results, she is

hyperglycemic.

_____is a condition in which significant symptoms, such as abdominal gas and bloating, appear after ingestion of foods containing lactose.

lactose intolerance

Citrus fruits, apples, bananas, oat and rice bran, barley, peas, and beans are major food sources of ______ fiber.

soluble

Complex carbohydrates are also known as

starch.

True or false: Both fiber and starch are types of polysaccharides.

true

True or false: The liver and muscles are the major storage sites for glycogen. True false question.

true

True or false: When dietary consumption of carbohydrates exceeds the amount needed for energy and glycogen storage, the excess carbohydrates will be stored as fat.

true

If a person consumes a large amount of fiber without adequate fluid, which of the following may happen?

Blockages in the intestine

Which macronutrients provide 4 kilocalories per gram?

Carbohydrates

What is the technical term for high blood sugar?

Hyperglycemia

When is glucose most likely used to produce fat?

When overall calorie needs are exceeded.

Which of the following are subgroups of vegetables, according to MyPlate?

Beans and peas Red and orange vegetables Starchy vegetables Dark green vegetables

Which fiber type increases fecal bulk and decreases intestinal transit time?

Insoluble (nonfermentable) fiber

Which of the following are major storage sites for glycogen?

Liver and muscle

Which of the following are benefits of including some insoluble fiber in the diet?

Reduces constipation Reduces transit time of feces