OB Exam 1

In which age range are women most vulnerable for intimate partner violence? 25 to 34 years 45 years and older 16 to 24 years 35 to 44 years

16 to 24 years

Hormonal regulation of reproductive functions in both the male and the female are complicated processes. In the male, where are the sex hormones produced? Testes Cowper glands Bulbourethral glands Seminal vesicles

testes

The vagina is a hostile environment for sperm. What characteristic of semen protects sperm from the vaginal environment? acidic fluid alkaline fluid secretions from seminiferous tubules presence of testosterone

alkaline fluid

crucial for the development and maturation of the follicle and induces proliferation of the endometrial glands. luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone estrogen

estrogen

An adult client currently has low levels of estrogen and progesterone. At this point in the menstrual cycle, the client will likely: experience endometrial regeneration. ovulate. shed her uterine lining. become pregnant.

shed her uterine lining.

A 35-year-old client is seen for her 2-week postoperative appointment after a suction curettage was performed to evacuate a hydatidiform mole. The nurse explains that the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels will be reviewed every 2 weeks and teaches about the need for reliable contraception for the next 6 months to a year. The client states, "I'm 35 already. Why do I have to wait that long to get pregnant again?" What is the nurse's best response? "After a curettage procedure, it is recommended that you give your body some time to build up its stores." "Since you are at the end of your reproductive years, it is suggested that you don't try to have any more pregnancies." "You may need chemotherapy, so we don't want to risk pregnancy." "A contraceptive is used so that a positive pregnancy test resulting from a new pregnancy will not be confused with the increased level of hCG that occurs with a developing malignancy."

"A contraceptive is used so that a positive pregnancy test resulting from a new pregnancy will not be confused with the increased level of hCG that occurs with a developing malignancy."

The client's pregnancy screening test shows that the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MS-AFP) level is high. Which information should the nurse provide the client upon this finding? "A high level of MS-AFP is associated with neural tube defects. We will schedule you for another type of test to determine if your baby has a neural tube defect." "A high level of MS-AFP is associated with Down syndrome. We will schedule you for another type of test to determine if your baby has Down syndrome." "A high level of MS-AFP is associated with an increased risk of preterm labor. We will monitor you closely and start medication if needed." "A high level of MS-AFP is associated with a healthy fetus. We will not need to do any additional testing at this time."

"A high level of MS-AFP is associated with neural tube defects. We will schedule you for another type of test to determine if your baby has a neural tube defect."

A client at 39 weeks' gestation calls the OB triage and questions the nurse concerning a bloody mucus discharge noted in the toilet after an OB office visit several hours earlier. What is the best response from the triage nurse? "It might be nothing. If it happens again call your provider who is on-call." "If the provider did an exam, it might be just normal vaginal secretions, so don't worry about it." "A one time discharge of bloody mucus in the toilet might have been your mucus plug." "Bloody mucus is a sign you are in labor. Please come to the hospital."

"A one time discharge of bloody mucus in the toilet might have been your mucus plug."

A pregnant client states they are interested in having a tubal ligation following the birth of the child. Which statement by the nurse is a priority at this time? "Your partner needs to understand the permanence of this procedure as well." "You need to discuss other forms of birth control with your health care provider first." "A tubal ligation is an effective method for permanent sterilization in women." "There are risks and complications associated with having this procedure."

"A tubal ligation is an effective method for permanent sterilization in women

The nurse is caring for a client suspected of being a victim of human trafficking. Which question, when given priority by the nurse during the admission interview, demonstrates a need for additional training? "Are you working toward achieving American citizenship?" "Can you get in touch with your family easily?" "Can you leave your job if you find a better one?" "Are you afraid of those you work for?"

"Are you working toward achieving American citizenship?"

Semen analysis has been ordered for the partner of a client who has been unable to become pregnant. What instructions should the nurse provide to the partner? "Bring the sample to the lab immediately after you collect it." "Collect the sample after two consecutive days of ejaculating." "Keep the sample refrigerated to ensure the sperm survive." "If possible, collect the sample first thing in the morning."

"Bring the sample to the lab immediately after you collect it."

A nurse is screening a client for intimate partner violence using indirect questions. Which question would the nurse most likely ask? "Have you ever been abused?" "I know it can be difficult to talk about, but does your partner hit you?" "It's okay to talk about this subject. Are you in an abusive relationship?" "Clients with your injuries are often abused. Is anything like this happening now?"

"Clients with your injuries are often abused. Is anything like this happening now?"

A woman of 16 weeks' gestation telephones the nurse because she has passed some "berry-like" blood clots and now has continued dark brown vaginal bleeding. Which action would the nurse instruct the woman to do? "Continue normal activity, but take the pulse every hour." "Come to the health facility with any vaginal material passed." "Come to the health care facility if uterine contractions begin." "Maintain bed rest, and count the number of perineal pads used."

"Come to the health facility with any vaginal material passed." Correct response:

The nurse is caring for a female client who is a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV). The client has experienced traumatic injury to the clitoris. Which statement will the nurse include when providing discharge education to this client? "There is a chance you will experience increased vaginal discharge due to the injury experienced." "Damage to your clitoris may lead to decreased stimulation in future sexual experiences." "The damage to your clitoris could cause you to experience incontinence in the future." "The clitoris functions to provide cushioning during intercourse. You might now have increased pain."

"Damage to your clitoris may lead to decreased stimulation in future sexual experiences." Correct response:

The nurse is teaching an adolescent client about fertility and the various phases of the menstrual cycle. The client has a 28-day menstrual cycle. Which statement is a priority for the nurse to include in the teaching? "Day 10 is part of the proliferative phase of your menstrual cycle." "Days 27 and 28 are when you have declining hormonal secretions." "Days 1 through 5 are the days you will typically experience menstrual flow." "Day 14 of your menstrual cycle is normally when you will ovulate."

"Day 14 of your menstrual cycle is normally when you will ovulate."

Which question would be most important for a nurse to ask a G2P1 client who has a child with sickle cell anemia? "Do you know the sex of your baby?" "Have you done well to control your stress?" "Did you and your partner get genetic testing?" "When was your last exacerbation?"

"Did you and your partner get genetic testing?"

The nurse is conducting an initial history and assessment on a client at 10 weeks' gestation who is pregnant with her first child. Which question is a priority for the nurse to ask the client at this time? "Was your mother or grandmother diagnosed with gestational diabetes?" "Do you plan to breastfeed or bottle feed your new baby?" "Are you planning to develop a birth plan for use during the birthing process?" "Does anyone in your or the father's family have any genetic disorders?"

"Does anyone in your or the father's family have any genetic disorders?"

A female client reports monthly, one-sided, lower abdominal pain to the nurse. Which question will the nurse ask next? "Could you currently be pregnant?" "Can you rate how severe your pain is each month?" "Does the pain occur a week or two before your period?" "Have you noticed recent weight loss?"

"Does the pain occur a week or two before your period?"

The nurse is conducting a teaching program for a group of women about the female reproductive system. The nurse determines additional teaching is needed when a group member makes which statement? "The cervix is responsible for the production of cervical mucus." "The cervix is the neck of the uterus, which connects to the vagina." "During pregnancy, the cervical mucus becomes thin and scant." "A Papanicolaou test is a way to check for cervical cancer."

"During pregnancy, the cervical mucus becomes thin and scant."

When educating parents on recessive genetic disease statistics, the nurse understands that which statement by the parents indicates an accurate understanding of genetic inheritance? "My children will have a 50/50 chance of having a genetic disease." "Each child will have a 25% chance of developing the disease." "With each child the odds of inheritance decrease significantly." "If I have four children, only one will have the disease."

"Each child will have a 25% chance of developing the disease."

A client at a preconception screening appointment indicates to the nurse that she is a carrier of muscular dystrophy, an X-linked recessive trait. Her partner does not have the trait. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the implications? "Each time I have a child, there is a 25% chance a female child will be a carrier." "There are more affected females than males with this particular trait." "There is a good chance all my future children will be affected with this trait." "Because this is an X-linked recessive trait, any male children will not be affected."

"Each time I have a child, there is a 25% chance a female child will be a carrier."

A pregnant client has been diagnosed with hydramnios and has been referred for further testing. To obtain family history information needed for the testing, which question(s) should the nurse ask the client? Select all that apply. "Has anyone in your family been born with a problem with the intestines?" "Do you have anyone in the family born with Down syndrome?" "Do you have anyone in the family who has been born with a spine problem?" "Do you have a family history of children with heart defects?" "Has anyone in the family been born with kidney problems?"

"Has anyone in your family been born with a problem with the intestines?" "Do you have anyone in the family who has been born with a spine problem?" "Do you have anyone in the family born with Down syndrome?"

The nurse is providing education to a 24-year-old client experiencing irregular menstruation. The client and her male spouse are trying to conceive. Which statement by the client indicates she understands the teaching provided? "There is a problem with my endometrium that is causing my irregular periods." "Having my hormones tested is a way to determine what is going on." "My spouse should be tested first to see if he is the issue." "Irregular menstrual cycles do not limit my ability to become pregnant."

"Having my hormones tested is a way to determine what is going on."

As part of a local college awareness program, a nurse is interviewing several of the participants about their views on rape. Which statement by a participant will lead the nurse to determine that additional education about rape is needed? "Men and women who are raped may take several years to recover emotionally and physically." "What a person wears has no effect on whether that person will be assaulted by someone else." "Most victims of rape never report the episode to the local authorities or tell anyone about being raped." "Health care providers can prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection transmission after a rap

"Health care providers can prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection transmission after a rape."

Which question would be most appropriate for a nurse to ask a client to assist in establishing a nursing diagnosis of Deficient knowledge related to measure to promote fertility? "Have you ever been diagnosed with an STI?" "How often do you and your partner engage in intercourse?" "How long have you not been able to get pregnant?" "How many sexual partners have you had in your life?"

"How often do you and your partner engage in intercourse?"

A client at 11 weeks' gestation experiences pregnancy loss. The client asks the nurse if the bleeding and cramping that occurred during the miscarriage were caused by working long hours in a stressful environment. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse? "Something was wrong with the fetus." "Your spontaneous bleeding is not work-related." "It is hard to know why a woman bleeds during early pregnancy." "I can understand your need to find an answer to what caused this. Let's talk about this further."

"I can understand your need to find an answer to what caused this. Let's talk about this further."

The nurse is completing the teaching for a newly pregnant client with a BMI of 23. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of weight gain during this pregnancy? "I need to gain 0.5 pounds (0.23 kg) per week during this pregnancy." "I need to gain 1 pound (0.45 kg) per week throughout this pregnancy." "I need to gain 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 16 kg) during this pregnancy." "I need to gain less than 25 pounds (11 kg) during this pregnancy."

"I need to gain 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 16 kg) during this pregnancy."

A couple has just learned that their son will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse shows a lack of understanding when making which statement? "I will give you as much information as I can about this condition." "We have counseling services available, and I recommend them to everyone facing these circumstances." "I will support you in any decision that you make." "I will alert your entire family about this so you don't have to."

"I will alert your entire family about this so you don't have to."

A client who is scheduled for hysteroscopy says to a nurse, "I thought I would be able to have children, but now I know that will never be possible." Which response would be most appropriate for the nurse to make? "I will call the health care provider to come visit with you." "Being childless is not as bad as you think it is." "Adoption is always an acceptable option for anyone." "The use of surrogates is more acceptable today."

"I will call the health care provider to come visit with you."

The nurse is teaching the pregnant woman about nutrition for herself and her baby. Which statement by the woman indicates that the teaching was effective? "Because I am pregnant, I can eat anything I want and not worry about weight gain." "I can eat any seafood that I like because it contains phosphorus, which is a nutrient that pregnant women need." "I will need to take iron supplementation throughout my pregnancy even if I am not anemic." "Milk production requires higher levels of calcium; therefore, if I am going to breastfeed, I must take a calcium supplement during pregnancy."

"I will need to take iron supplementation throughout my pregnancy even if I am not anemic."

The nurse is caring for a woman who had a dilatation and curettage (D&C) 1 hour prior. What assessment finding would alert the nurse to immediately intervene? temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) abdominal cramping blood pressure 158/90 mm Hg pulse rate of 122 beats/min

"I will request that the lactation consultant come speak with you."

Which statement made by a new nurse demonstrates an understanding of the prevalence of sexual assault and related violence among the population? "The vast majority of victims of sexual assault and related violence are seen in the emergency room when they seek treatment." "It seems obvious that the greatest number of clients experiencing sexual abuse and related violence are the young and middle-aged adults." "The greatest need for thorough assessment regarding sexual assault and related violence is among those who are dependent and rely on the care of others." "I've come to realize that I need to include questions related to sexual assault and related violence into the assessment of all my clients."

"I've come to realize that I need to include questions related to sexual assault and related violence into the assessment of all my clients."

The nurse is counseling a couple who are concerned because the woman has achondroplasia in her family. The woman is not affected. Which statement by the couple indicates the need for more teaching? "If the father has the gene, then there is a 50% chance of passing it on." "If the father doesn't have the gene, then his son won't have achondroplasia." "Since neither one of us has the disorder, we won't pass it on." "If the mother has the gene, then there is a 50% chance of passing it on."

"If the father doesn't have the gene, then his son won't have achondroplasia."

A woman arrives at the neighborhood clinic asking for care related to symptoms that include bruising, lacerations and vague reports of perineal discomfort. The nurse assesses and provides care for the client's physical condition, then questions the client. Which is the best question for the nurse to ask? "Physical abuse is not something you have to tolerate. Would you like me to notify the police?" "Intimate partner violence is a problem among women in our community. Are you experiencing any type of physical or emotional abuse?" "It appears that your injuries are a result of abuse and violence. Do you feel safe at home?" "Your injuries suggest that you are experiencing physical and or sexual abuse. Would you like to talk about what's happening?"

"Intimate partner violence is a problem among women in our community. Are you experiencing any type of physical or emotional abuse?"

The nurse is caring for a pregnant client who states her spouse verbally abuses her. Which response by the nurse is a priority? "Try to avoid making your partner angry to prevent the abuse from escalating until you are able to move out." "Has your spouse ever hit you in the past or forced you to perform sexual acts you did not consent to doing?" "If your spouse becomes physically abusive, you have to leave for your safety and the safety of your unborn child." "Intimate partner violence often gets worse during pregnancy and stress. Do you have a safety plan in place?"

"Intimate partner violence often gets worse during pregnancy and stress. Do you have a safety plan in place?"

The nurse is meeting with a young couple who have undergone the initial screenings for infertility. The man is questioning the possibility of using intrauterine (artificial) insemination if he is found to be infertile. Which response should the nurse prioritize? "Intrauterine (artificial) insemination is useful only if your sexual partner has an allergy to your sperm, not if you are infertile." "Intrauterine (artificial) insemination is your best option if you are found to be infertile." "Intrauterine (artificial) insemination is a possibility but there is the increased chance of twins." "You and your sexual partner should consider embryo transfer first because it is safer."

"Intrauterine (artificial) insemination is your best option if you are found to be infertile."

A victim of rape is prescribed emergency contraception. After teaching the client about this therapy, the nurse determines that the teaching was effective based on which client statement? "The medication will cause me to have an abortion (elective termination of pregnancy)." "I can wait until tomorrow morning to start taking it." "I need to take 3 doses over the next several days." "It contains high doses of a typical birth control pill."

"It contains high doses of a typical birth control pill."

The mother of a 9-year-old girl is concerned because her daughter has already begun menstruating. The daughter is of normal height for her age and weighs 150 lbs (68 kg). The mother is concerned that this is not normal and asks about the factors that could be involved. Which response by the nurse would be best? "Nine is a completely normal age to begin menstruation; the age of menarche is governed completely by genetics." "You are right to be concerned, as 9 is not a normal age to begin menstruation; lack of proper nutrition may be a contributing factor." "Nine is an early age to begin menstruation; anorexia nervosa may be a contributing factor." "It has become more common for girls to start their periods as early as 9; her weight may be a contributing factor."

"It has become more common for girls to start their periods as early as 9; her weight may be a contributing factor."

The nurse is caring for a client who has been a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV) for a few years. The client states, "My partner has been so sweet to me the last few days by telling me how special I am and bringing me flowers. I believe my partner is sorry and will not do this again." How will the nurse respond? "Your partner is showing caring and loving actions toward you. This could indicate progress from your partner." "It may seem better now, but over time, IPV typically becomes accelerated and more dangerous." "It sounds like the honeymoon stage of IPV, which means your partner does not love you and will hurt you again." "Your partner may love you, but staying in this relationship is not worth the risk of being abused over and over."

"It may seem better now, but over time, IPV typically becomes accelerated and more dangerous."

The nurse is caring for a couple trying to conceive. The nurse learns the male client relaxes in the couple's home hot tub daily for 30 to 60 minutes and the female client uses the hot tub once a week for 5 to 10 minutes. What information is best for the nurse to include when providing education to the couple at this time? "Hot tubs can spread infections and should be avoided." "It is dangerous for a fetus to be exposed to high temperatures." "Men desiring to conceive should limit their time in a hot tub." "It is great to find ways to relax as stress can lead to subfertility."

"Men desiring to conceive should limit their time in a hot tub."

The nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent girl on the function of the female reproductive system. Which statement by the client best reflects understanding of the material presented? "A vaginal discharge that is thick and white in color indicates that I am ovulating." "My menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days each month but varies sometimes, which is normal." "During ovulation, the egg is released directly into my uterus to help with fertilization." "I will always count from the end of my last menstrual cycle to determine when I will ovulate."

"My menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days each month but varies sometimes, which is normal."

The nurse is teaching a prenatal class on potential problems during pregnancy to a group of expectant parents. The risk factors for placental abruption (abruptio placentae) are discussed. Which comment validates accurate learning by the parents? "If I develop this complication, I will have bright red vaginal bleeding," "Since I am over 30, I run a much higher risk of developing this problem." "Placental abruption is quite painful and I will need to let the doctor know if I begin to have abdominal pain." "I need a cesarean section if I develop this problem."

"Placental abruption is quite painful and I will need to let the doctor know if I begin to have abdominal pain."

A nurse is working with a victim of intimate partner violence. The client has decided that she is going to leave the relationship. Which instructions by the nurse would be most appropriate? Select all that apply. "I can offer you choices, but you are the one who has to choose." "Remember, it might take you several tries before you succeed." "Don't worry. I will make all the decisions for you about leaving." "Let's work on a safety plan so that it is ready for when you leave." "Listen to me because I know when it would be best for you to leave the situation."

"Remember, it might take you several tries before you succeed." "Let's work on a safety plan so that it is ready for when you leave." "I can offer you choices, but you are the one who has to choose."

A client experiencing a threatened abortion is concerned about losing the pregnancy and asks what she can do to help save her baby. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse? "Carry on with the activity you engaged in before this happened." "Strict bed rest is necessary so as not to jeopardize this pregnancy." "Restrict your physical activity to moderate bed rest." "There is no research evidence that I can recommend to you."

"Restrict your physical activity to moderate bed rest."

A 25-year-old woman who underwent genetic testing has learned that she is heterozygous dominant for Huntington disease. Her male partner, however, who also underwent the testing, is free from the trait. What statement by the woman would indicate an understanding of the risk of their child developing Huntington disease? "Each of our children has a 75% chance of developing Huntington disease." "Since my partner does not carry the trait and I do, there is a 50% chance that each of our children will either carry the trait or develop the disease." "Because I am heterozygous dominant and my partner is not, each of our children will not develop or be a carrier of the disease." "Since one of us carries the trait and the other does not, there is a 25% chance each of our children will be a carrier of the trait."

"Since my partner does not carry the trait and I do, there is a 50% chance that each of our children will either carry the trait or develop the disease."

A client who is 15 weeks' gestation is attending prenatal classes and asks the nurse, "What changes in development has my baby made?" Which statement(s) would the nurse include in the response? Select all that apply. "The increase in weight of your baby has stopped now." "Your baby's lungs are ready for life outside the uterus." "Your baby makes sucking motions now with its mouth." "Soft hair covers your baby's head." "You will be able to detect quickening."

"Soft hair covers your baby's head." "Your baby makes sucking motions now with its mouth." "You will be able to detect quickening."

A pregnant woman asks the nurse about medications taken during pregnancy and if they cross the placental barrier. What response by the nurse is appropriate? "Some medications cross the placental barrier, so be sure to discuss medications with your provider." "Medications taken orally typically do not cross the placental barrier because of the gastric absorption." "Medications taken during the first trimester are typically safe." "Yes, all medications cross the placental barrier."

"Some medications cross the placental barrier, so be sure to discuss medications with your provider."

A 52-year-old client reports to the nurse the recent onset of hot flashes, fatigue, and vaginal dryness. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? "Is this causing any issues between you and your partner?" "Tell me what you are currently doing to manage these symptoms?" "I will request you have your calcium level checked today." "I will schedule you an appointment with your gynecologist."

"Tell me what you are currently doing to manage these symptoms?"

The nurse is teaching a prenatal class about preparing for their expanding families. What is helpful advice from the nurse? "The hormones of pregnancy may cause anxiety or depression postpartum." "Expect your other children to react positively to their new brother/sister." "Caring for your new infant is instinctual and will come naturally to you." "Your old coping methods will adequately get you through this period of adjustment."

"The hormones of pregnancy may cause anxiety or depression postpartum."

The nurse suspects a pregnant client is a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV). When the nurse asks the client if her partner abuses her, the client responds, "Oh no, my partner does not hit me." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? "I am glad to be wrong. I will continue with your assessment." "It is important for you to think about the safety of your unborn child." "There are many types of intimate partner violence beyond physical abuse." "I will give you information on shelters and resources for victims of IPV just in case."

"There are many types of intimate partner violence beyond physical abuse."

After teaching a group of women about the signs of pregnancy, the nurse understands that teaching was successful if the group makes which statement about positive signs? "There will be a positive Hegar sign." "They will be able to hear the fetal heart rate on auscultation." "The woman will have amenorrhea." "The client will experience quickening."

"They will be able to hear the fetal heart rate on auscultation."

While talking to the nurse, a client states that every time she has a serious fight with her spouse, the client is forced to have intercourse. The client appears very disturbed when revealing this to the nurse. Which is an appropriate response by the nurse? "Sexual abuse does still happen among married couples." "This behavior is called intimate partner violence." "Are the fights a result of something you have done wrong?" "Such behavior is not okay and I am calling the authorities."

"This behavior is called intimate partner violence."

A pregnant client reports an increase in a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? "This discharge is normal during pregnancy." "You should refrain from any sexual activity." "You need to be assessed for a fungal infection." "Use a local antifungal agent regularly."

"This discharge is normal during pregnancy."

The 27-year-old client has a positive quad screen at 16 weeks' gestation, showing a 1:300 risk of Down syndrome compared with a 1:1200 age-based risk. The client is crying and anxious about these results. How does the nurse best explain these findings? "This test is a screen that shows increased risk but does not tell us if your baby has Down syndrome. You will be offered further testing to provide more information." "Do not worry about these results. There is still a very good chance of having a healthy baby." "You and your partner will be offered genetic testing to see if you are a carrier for the Down syndrome gene." "We will connect you with support groups and medical specialists to learn more about the care of a child with Down syndrome."

"This test is a screen that shows increased risk but does not tell us if your baby has Down syndrome. You will be offered further testing to provide more information."

The nurse educates a client who is confused about her ovarian cycle. Which client statement would best validate her understanding of the education? "When I ovulate, there is a follicle on my uterus that forms showing that an ova was released." "My menstrual cycles are controlled by progesterone production." "I will ovulate every month on Day 21 of my cycle." "Two hormones control my ovulation, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)."

"Two hormones control my ovulation, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)."

A client in her first trimester arrives at the emergency room with reports of severe cramping and vaginal spotting. On examination, the health care provider informs her that no fetal heart sounds are evident and orders a dilatation and curettage (D&C). The client looks frightened and confused and states that she does not believe in induced abortion (medical abortion). Which statement by the nurse is best? "I know that it is sad but the pregnancy must be terminated to save your life." "Unfortunately, the pregnancy is already lost. The procedure is to clear the uterus to prevent further complications." "The choice is up to you but the health care provider is recommending an induced abortion (medical abortion). "You have experienced an incomplete abortion (miscarriage) and must have the placenta and any other tissues cleaned out."

"Unfortunately, the pregnancy is already lost. The procedure is to clear the uterus to prevent further complications."

A pregnant client is undergoing an amniocentesis in her third trimester and is worried why she is undergoing this procedure. Which statement by the nurse would best alleviate this client's anxieties? "We are concerned that your baby may have some genetic disorder." "This procedure is not very dangerous and you should not worry about it." "The doctor can explain everything to you when we are done with the procedure." "We want to be sure your baby's lungs are mature and this measures the development of the baby's lungs.

"We want to be sure your baby's lungs are mature and this measures the development of the baby's lungs.

A client is about 16 weeks' pregnant and is concerned because she feels her "abdomen" contracting. She calls the primary care provider's office and speaks to the nurse. What is the nurse's most appropriate response to this client's concern? "What you are feeling are called Braxton Hicks contractions. They are considered practice contractions during pregnancy." "You need to go to the emergency room right away." "You need to come to the office to be examined." "You have nothing to be concerned about. I am sure you are not feeling contractions at this point in your pregnancy."

"What you are feeling are called Braxton Hicks contractions. They are considered practice contractions during pregnancy."

A client states she has purchased home-use ovulation strips to help her know when she is ovulating. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? "It is a lot more accurate if you come to the clinic routinely to get tested." "You can also test your vaginal discharge to determine if you are ovulating." "These strips are often not reliable and end up being a waste of money." "I am sure these strips will help you become pregnant faster."

"You can also test your vaginal discharge to determine if you are ovulating."

The nurse is caring for a client requesting oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). She has multiple sexual partners. The nurse recommends condoms to the client, but the client states, "I cannot use condoms because I am allergic to latex." Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "You can still use condoms because they make latex-free condoms." "Do you understand the potential ramifications of having multiple sexual partners?" "I will let the health care provider know you desire oral contraceptive pills." "We can have you allergy tested to see if certain condoms may work for you."

"You can still use condoms because they make latex-free condoms."

A primigravida at her 12-week prenatal visit expresses concern that she hasn't felt her baby move yet. What is the best response from the nurse? "You usually cannot feel them until approximately 16 to 20 weeks." "You won't be able to feel movements until you lie down and concentrate on them." "Fetal movements can be felt at 13 weeks." "You should start to feel fetal movements within the next few weeks."

"You usually cannot feel them until approximately 16 to 20 weeks."

A client in her second trimester of pregnancy arrives at the health care facility for a routine follow-up visit. The nurse is required to educate the client so that the client knows what to expect during her second trimester. Which information should the nurse offer? "You will experience quickening, and you will actually feel the baby." "You may have mood swings that could overwhelm your partner." "You may feel physical discomfort as the baby inside grows." "You will be more conscious of the changes taking place in your body now."

"You will experience quickening, and you will actually feel the baby."

During a prenatal visit, a pregnant woman tells the nurse, "I have had to buy some new bras because my breasts are getting bigger. I know this is supposed to happen, but what is going on in my body?" Which response by the nurse would be appropriate? "Your breasts are growing because fatty tissue is replacing the gland tissue." "Breast milk is being made already so it will be ready for your newborn." "All the good things in breast milk are collecting in your breasts." "Your hormones are causing the glands in your breasts to grow."

"Your hormones are causing the glands in your breasts to grow."

A woman who has a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia marries a man who also has a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia. Their first child is born with sickle cell anemia. The chance that their second child will develop this disease is: 2 in 4. 3 in 4. 1 in 4. 0 in 4.

1 in 4.

A woman's prepregnant weight is within the normal range. During her second trimester, the nurse would determine that the woman is gaining the appropriate amount of weight when her weight increases by which amount per week? 1 lb (0.45 kg) 2/3 lb (0.30 kg) 2 lb (0.90 kg) 1.5 lb (0.68 kg)

1 lb (0.45 kg)

A couple has come in for genetic testing. The nurse is explaining the different types of numerical abnormalities that may occur within the chromosome pairs. The nurse determines that additional explanation is necessary when the couple identifies which trisomy as common? 18 10 21 13

10

The nurse is assessing a pregnant client at 20 weeks' gestation and obtains a hemoglobin level. Which result would be a cause for concern? 10.6 g/dl 12.8 g/dl 11.9 g/dl 11.2 g/dl

10.6 g/dl

The nurse is teaching a pregnant woman with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 26 about recommended weight gain. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman states that she should gain approximately how much during her pregnancy? 35 to 40 pounds (16 to 18 kilograms) 25 to 35 pounds (11 to 16 kilograms) 28 to 40 pounds (13 to 18 kilograms) 15 to 25 pounds (7 to 11 kilograms)

15 to 25 pounds (7 to 11 kilograms)

A pregnant client who is planning to have genetic testing asks the nurse when she should schedule her amniocentesis. What should the nurse tell the client? 24 weeks 30 weeks 10 weeks 16 weeks

16 weeks

A client who is in her first trimester is anxious to have an ultrasound at each visit. The nurse explains that it is not necessary and schedules a second ultrasound to be performed when she is about: 18 to 20 weeks' pregnant. 15 to 17 weeks' pregnant. 24 to 26 weeks' pregnant. 21 to 23 weeks' pregnant.

18 to 20 weeks' pregnant.

A urinalysis is done on a client in her third trimester. Which result would be considered abnormal? 2+ Protein in urine Specific gravity of 1.010 Straw-like color Trace of glucose

2+ Protein in urine

A mother comes in with her 17-year-old daughter to find out why she has not had a menstrual cycle for a few months. Examination confirms the daughter is pregnant with a fundal height of approximately 24 cm. The nurse interprets this finding as indicating that the daughter is approximately how many weeks pregnant? 18 24 20 22

24

At which gestational age will the nurse no longer associate fundal height directly with week's gestation? 30 weeks 24 weeks 36 weeks 32 weeks

36 weeks

The nurse is caring for four pregnant clients. Which client will the nurse highlight for the health care provider as being at highest risk for carrying a child with a genetic abnormality? 36-year-old client with thalassemia whose partner is 55 years of age and who have a son with Duchenne muscular dystrophy 17-year-old client diagnosed with schizophrenia whose partner is 15 years of age and has type 2 diabetes 28-year-old client diagnosed with hemophilia whose partner is 38 years of age and has hypertension 38-year-old client whose partner is 43 years of age and who have a child diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome

36-year-old client with thalassemia whose partner is 55 years of age and who have a son with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A woman is in her early second trimester of pregnancy. The nurse would instruct the woman to return for a follow-up visit every: 3 weeks. 1 week. 2 weeks. 4 weeks.

4 weeks.

During pregnancy a woman's blood volume increases to accommodate the growing fetus to the point that vital signs may remain within normal range without showing signs of shock until the woman has lost what percentage of her blood volume? 40% 50% 20% 30%

40%

The nurse is preparing to assess a new client who has arrived for her initial visit with a gynecologist specializing in menopause issues. The nurse anticipates the client will be in which age group? 49 to 56 53 to 58 45 to 50 47 to 55

47 to 55

A nurse is counseling a couple who have a 5-year-old daughter with Down syndrome. The nurse recognizes that their daughter's genome is represented by which chromosome combination? 46XX5p- 47XX21+ 47XY21+ 46XX

47XX21+

It is important that couples who wish to practice natural forms of birth control understand that the mucus-secreting glands of the cervix can store live sperm for up to: 12 hours. 48 hours. 24 hours. 36 hours.The nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent girl on the function of the female reproductive system. Which statement by the client best reflects understanding of the material presented? "A vaginal discharge that is thick and white in color indicates that I am ovulating." "My menstrual cycle lasts about 28 days each month but varies sometimes, which is normal." "During ovulation, the egg is released directly into my uterus to help with fertilization." "I will always count from the end of my last menstrual cycle to determine when I will ovulate."

48 hours.

The parents are questioning why their newborn was born deaf when there are no other deaf family members. The nurse could explore possible exposure to a teratogenic agent at which stage of the pregnancy? 12 weeks 18 weeks at fertilization 6 weeks

6 weeks

The client has heard of extended-cycle oral contraceptive regimens and desires more information. The nurse explains that these regimens consist of active combination pills, followed by placebo pills. How many days of active combination pills and placebo pills are contained in these regimens? 84 active; 7 placebo 42 active; 4 placebo 70 active; 6 placebo 56 active; 5 placebo

84 active; 7 placebo

Before becoming pregnant, a woman's heart rate averaged 72 beats per minute. The woman is now 15 weeks' pregnant. The nurse would expect this woman's heart rate to be approximately: 90 beats per minute. 85 beats per minute. 95 beats per minute. 100 beats per minute.

85 beats per minute.

A female client is a carrier of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene. Her male partner does not have the gene. The couple is planning to conceive and wants to understand the chances of the child acquiring the disease. What information should the nurse give to the couple? There is a 100% chance that a male child will be affected by the condition. There is no risk of a male child being affected by the condition. A female child has a 50% chance of being a carrier. A female child will not be affected by the condition.

A female child will not be affected by the condition.

The nurse cares for multiple clients planning to have children. Which client will the nurse identify as priority for needing a referral for prenatal genetic testing? A male client who is 45 years of age A female client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus A female client who is 38 years of age A male client with family history of sickle cell disease

A male client with family history of sickle cell disease

A sex education class is being conducted at a local women's center. The attendees ask the nursing instructor about why they experience sensations of increased warmth during sex and redness of the neck and chest. Which information would the nurse provide to explain this experience? Select all that apply. A person's heart rate increases during sex, making them warmer. Respirations will decrease during sex, which allows the body to warm up faster. Vessels in the pelvis are receiving more blood and can cause a warm sensation. The color change is coincidental and not a part of the sexual response. The blood pressure will increase, which can cause a feeling of warmth.

A person's heart rate increases during sex, making them warmer. The blood pressure will increase, which can cause a feeling of warmth. Vessels in the pelvis are receiving more blood and can cause a warm sensation.

A group of students are reviewing material in preparation for a test on the male and female breasts. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which information? Progesterone is primarily responsible for the growth of breast tissue. A primary function of the female breast is to produce milk. The breasts contain a limited supply of blood vessels. Striated muscle in the nipples contract, causing them to become erect.

A primary function of the female breast is to produce milk.

Hormone levels of a woman indicate that the corpus luteum stopped functioning and releasing progesterone after 5 weeks. The nurse would recognize that which scenario is the expected outcome? There is a higher than normal chance of a multifetal pregnancy. A spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) would occur. The pregnancy would continue unaffected. She will need progesterone supplement throughout the pregnancy.

A spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) would occur.

The nurse is reviewing a client's electronic health record and notices that the client has recently experienced dyspareunia. The nurse knows that this is an effect of aging on the female reproductive system. What is the best description of dyspareunia that the nurse can share with the nursing student? Bones become brittle and porous and fracture more easily. A woman experiences female climacteric. A woman experiences painful sexual intercourse. The uterus prolapses and falls into the vagina.

A woman experiences painful sexual intercourse.

A client is at the clinic for her annual pelvic exam and asks the nurse about ovulation and where the eggs come from. What educational information would the nurse share with this client? A woman is born with all the ova that she will ever have and they are stored within the ovaries. Ova or eggs are made every month in the ovaries and released for fertilization. Ova begin developing around age 9 to 10 in preparation of puberty to begin. The ova begin being produced when the female begins her menstrual cycles.

A woman is born with all the ova that she will ever have and they are stored within the ovaries.

After assessing a client, a nurse determines that an IUD as a method of contraceptive would be contraindicated based on a history of which finding? Abnormal uterine shape Thromboembolic disease Smoking Hypertension

Abnormal uterine shape

A hospitalized client with hyperemesis gravidarum has been tolerating small amounts of clear fluids for the past 6 hours. What is the next step in the plan of care? Add small quantities of dry toast every 2 to 3 hours. Add juices and milk to increase vitamin and protein intake. Continue the client on clear fluids for at least 24 hours. Progress the client to a soft diet with extra liquids.

Add small quantities of dry toast every 2 to 3 hours.

The nurse is caring for a client who was raped 3 hours ago. Which intervention is a priority for the nurse to perform? Schedule the client for sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing in 1 month. Refer the client to a counseling service. Assess the client for signs of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Administer prescribed emergency contraceptive pills.

Administer prescribed emergency contraceptive pills.

The nurse is reviewing the structure and function of various organs in the female reproductive system. Which information should the nurse include about the ovum in the review with the client? All the ova a female will ever have are present at birth. The ovum is smaller than the sperm cell. It contains a small nucleus, within which is a nucleolus called the germinal spot. It consists of protoplasm enclosed within a three-layered cell wall.

All the ova a female will ever have are present at birth.

A nurse is teaching a prenatal class and is asked the purpose of amniotic fluid. Which statements are correct? Select all that apply. Amniotic fluid promotes fetal movement enhancing musculoskeletal development. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid help the fetus maintain a constant body temperature. Amniotic fluid allows the fetal umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression. The amount of amniotic fluid does not fluctuate throughout pregnancy. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid cushion the fetus from trauma.

Amniotic fluid promotes fetal movement enhancing musculoskeletal development. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid cushion the fetus from trauma. Amniotic fluid allows the fetal umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid help the fetus maintain a constant body

A pregnant client is undergoing a fetal biophysical profile. Which parameter of the profile helps measure long-term adequacy of the placental function? Fetal reactivity Fetal breathing record Fetal heart rate Amniotic fluid volume

Amniotic fluid volume

The nurse is reviewing hormonal regulation of the female reproductive system with a group of nursing students. A student nurse states, "Progesterone prepares a woman's uterus to receive and welcome a fertilized ovum." Which action will the nurse complete based on the student's response? Ask the student if she has been pregnant in the past. Ask the student to stay after class to discuss more in-depth. Applaud the student for understanding the material. Correct the student's misunderstanding of the hormone's function.

Applaud the student for understanding the material.

A client at 36 weeks' gestation presents in the emergency department with a broken arm. The client states, "I fell while cooking dinner." During the assessment, the nurse notes no prenatal care for this pregnancy, as well as bruises in multiple stages of healing on the client's abdomen, arms, and chest. What action will the nurse perform next? Notify the health care provider of the findings Ask the client how she acquired the bruises Provide brochures on shelters for victims of intimate partner violence Document the findings in the client's chart

Ask the client how she acquired the bruises

Which initial interview technique would be least effective in gathering information from a suspected abuse victim? Convey to the client that the abuse is not her fault, such as "No one deserves to be treated like this." Ask the client to strip down and show you where she has been hurt. Avoid questions that appear accusatory such as "Why don't you just leave him?" Ask open-ended, nonjudgmental questions of the client.

Ask the client to strip down and show you where she has been hurt.

The nurse is assessing a client whose partner is present. The nurse notes the partner swears and yells, makes lavish promises, and threatens to hit the client. Which nursing intervention is a priority? Notify the facility authorities. Ask the partner to remain calm. Ask the partner to leave the room. Document the findings.

Ask the partner to leave the room.

A pregnant client discloses to the nurse that she has been abused by her spouse for the past 4 years. Which action will the nurse take next? Perform an ultrasound to assess the fetus for any injuries. Assess the client for signs of intimate partner violence. Encourage the client to seek refuge at a gender-specific victims' shelter. Determine why the client has remained in an abusive relationship for 4 years.

Assess the client for signs of intimate partner violence.

A client has been admitted to the inpatient psychiatric facility with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder after a history of violence by a partner. During the admission process, which action is a priority for the nurse to complete? Document findings of abuse. Obtain the client's vital signs. Assess the client for suicide risk. Administer medications as prescribed.

Assess the client for suicide risk.

A nurse in the maternity triage unit is caring for a client with a suspected ectopic pregnancy. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform first? Assess the client's vital signs. Obtain a surgical consent from the client. Provide emotional support to the client and significant other. Administer oxygen to the client.

Assess the client's vital signs.

A nurse is providing information regarding ovulation to a couple who want to have a baby. Which fact should the nurse tell the clients? The lifespan of the ovum is only about 48 hours. Ovulation takes place 10 days before menstruation. At ovulation, a mature follicle ruptures, releasing an ovum. When ovulation occurs, there is a rise in estrogen.

At ovulation, a mature follicle ruptures, releasing an ovum.

A client and partner present in the emergency room. The client has a broken arm and facial bruising. The client states the injuries are the result of tripping into a wall. The nurse suspects intimate partner violence (IPV). Which intervention will the nurse perform first? Provide the client with pamphlets on IPV and safety plan development. Ask the partner if the injuries are a result of the client falling. Contact the hospital authorities to remove the partner from the room. Attempt to complete the client's assessment and admission in private.

Attempt to complete the client's assessment and admission in private.

A couple reports that their condom broke while they were having sexual intercourse last night. What would you advise to prevent pregnancy? A. Inject a spermicidal agent into the woman's vagina immediately. B. Obtain emergency contraceptives and take them immediately C. Douche with a solution of vinegar and hot water tonight. D. Take a strong laxative now and again at bedtime.

B. Obtain emergency contraceptives and take them immediately

The nurse is caring for a client with preeclampsia and understands the need to auscultate this client's lung sounds every 2 hours to detect which condition? pulmonary edema pulmonary hypertension pulmonary emboli pulmonary atelectasis

pulmonary edema

A nurse is conducting an orientation at a health clinic for newly hired nurses comparing normal and abnormal findings from a female physical assessment. The nurse determines the session is successful when they correctly point out which structure's secretions assist with sexual intercourse? Bartholin glands labia minora vestibule introitus

Bartholin glands

Why is the first prenatal visit usually the longest prenatal visit? Baseline data is collected. Extensive client teaching is done. Laboratory tests are performed. A pelvic exam with Papanicolaou test is performed.

Baseline data is collected.

A client has been seen and treated in the emergency room several times for injuries that are deemed suspicious. The client is reluctant to participate in a screening process. How best can the nurse provide reassurance to this client? Establishing a plan to protect the client Having the client be honest about the injuries Being nonjudgmental Giving assurances of help

Being nonjudgmental

A pregnant client in her third trimester, lying supine on the examination table, suddenly grows very short of breath and dizzy. Concerned, she asks the nurse what is happening. Which response should the nurse prioritize? Cerebral arteries are growing congested with blood. Sympathetic nerve responses cause dyspnea when a woman lies supine. The uterus requires more blood in a supine position. Blood is trapped in the vena cava in a supine position.

Blood is trapped in the vena cava in a supine position.

Which change related to the vital signs is expected in pregnant women? Pulse decreases. Blood pressure decreases. Temperature decreases. Lung space increases.

Blood pressure decreases.

During an exam, the nurse notes that the blood pressure of a client at 22 weeks' gestation is lower, and her heart rate is 12 beats per minute higher than at her last visit. How should the nurse interpret these findings? Both findings are normal at this point of the pregnancy. The blood pressure should be higher since the cardiac volume is increased. Combined, both of these findings are very concerning and warrant further investigation. The heart rate increase may indicate that the client is experiencing cardiac overload.

Both findings are normal at this point of the pregnancy.

When initiating care for a client suspected of being a victim of human trafficking, what is the nurse's primary responsibility? Building trust Protecting privacy Remaining nonjudgmental Supporting autonomy

Building trust

A nurse assesses that a 15-year-old female client has not developed secondary sexual characteristics, is short in stature, and has a webbed neck. The nurse identifies this as being most likely related to which diagnosis? Edwards syndrome Patau syndrome Turner syndrome Klinefelter syndrome

Turner syndrome

The client at 18 weeks' gestation states, "I feel a fluttering sensation, kind of like gas." The nurse understands that the client is describing what occurrence? linea nigra lightening quickening placenta previa

quickening

Which biophysical profile finding indicates poor oxygenation to the fetus? A. Two pockets of amniotic fluid B. Well-flexed arms and legs C. Nonreactive fetal heart rate D. Fetal breathing movements noted

C. Nonreactive fetal heart rate

During pregnancy, the cardinal rule concerning medications and herbal remedies is that all drugs cross the placenta and have a potential impact on the fetus. What is one disease where treatment must continue during pregnancy? gout asthma gastritis cholelithiasis

asthma

A nurse is teaching a female client who is unable to conceive how to monitor her basal body temperature. Which instruction would the nurse prioritize for this client? Chart body temperature for at least a month Record body weight along with the temperature Record body temperature every night Record menses and time of intercourse

Chart body temperature for at least a month

Cystic fibrosis is an example of which type of inheritance? autosomal dominant X-linked recessive multifactorial autosomal recessive

autosomal recessive

A woman in her 20s has experienced a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) at 10 weeks' gestation and asks the nurse at the hospital what went wrong. She is concerned that she did something that caused her to lose her baby. The nurse can reassure the woman by explaining that the most common cause of miscarriage in the first trimester is related to which factor? Advanced maternal age Exposure to chemicals or radiation Chromosomal defects in the fetus Faulty implantation

Chromosomal defects in the fetus

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who just had an uterine endometrial biopsy. What is the nurse's priority discharge teaching? Client should call the health care provider for vaginal spotting Client should call clinic with the date of her next menses Client should call the health care provider with a fever of 100°F (37.8°C) Client should call the clinic for pain medication refill

Client should call clinic with the date of her next menses

A pregnant client at full-term gestation calls the nurse to report contractions every 6 to 7 minutes that are getting stronger. The membranes are intact. The client lives 45 minutes away from the hospital and had a 4-hour labor with the previous birth. What will the nurse advise? Come to the hospital now for assessment. Come to the hospital if you are experiencing bloody show. Come to the hospital once your membranes rupture. Come to the hospital once the contractions are 5 minutes apart.

Come to the hospital now for assessment.

A client has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of preeclampsia with severe features. Which nursing intervention is the priority? Administer oxygen by face mask. Keep the client on her side so that secretions can drain from her mouth. Check for vaginal bleeding every 15 minutes. Confine the client to bed rest in a darkened room.

Confine the client to bed rest in a darkened room.

An 18-year-old pregnant client is hospitalized as she recovers from hyperemesis gravidarum. The client reveals she wanted to have an abortion (elective termination of pregnancy) but her cultural background forbids it. She is very unhappy about being pregnant and even expresses a wish for a miscarriage. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? Encourage the client to be positive about the situation. Continue to monitor the client's hyperemesis gravidarum. Contact the health care provider to report the client's feelings. Share the information with the client's family.

Contact the health care provider to report the client's feelings.

The nurse is caring for a client at the ambulatory care clinic who questions the nurse for information about contraception. The client reports that she is not comfortable about using any barrier methods and would like the option of regaining fertility after a couple of years. Which method should the nurse suggest to this client? CycleBeads or medroxyprogesterone injection basal body temperature (BBT) coitus interruptus lactation amenorrhea method

CycleBeads or medroxyprogesterone injection

Place the three phases of intimate partner violence in the order in which they occur. acute violence phase honeymoon phase tension-building phase

tension-building phase acute violence phase honeymoon phase

A nurse is caring for a young woman who is in her 10th week of gestation. She comes into the clinic reporting vaginal bleeding. Which assessment finding best correlates with a diagnosis of hydatidiform mole? Brisk deep tendon reflexes and shoulder pain Dark red, "clumpy" vaginal discharge Painful uterine contractions and nausea Bright red, painless vaginal bleeding

Dark red, "clumpy" vaginal discharge

A nurse is caring for a client who has just been told that her unborn baby carries a genetic disorder associated with significant health related issues. The client asks, "Should I kill the baby?" What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client? Decisional conflict related to continuation of pregnancy Deficient knowledge related to inheritance pattern Situational low self-esteem Fear related to birth of a baby

Decisional conflict related to continuation of pregnancy

To properly assist a victim of intimate partner violence, which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? Confront the abuser about the details. Document the details. Discuss the details with the victim. Summarize the details of the incident.

Document the details.

The nurse cares for a pregnant client at the first prenatal visit and reviews expected changes that will occur during pregnancy. Which information will the nurse include in the education? Hemoglobin levels rise significantly during pregnancy. Blood pressure decreases in the third trimester. Pregnancy typically causes a decrease in respiratory rate. During pregnancy blood volume can increase by at least 40%.

During pregnancy blood volume can increase by at least 40%.

Which statement is false regarding emergency contraception (EC)? EC is most effective if it is taken within 12 hours of rape. EC simply contains the same hormones that are found in birth control pills. EC works by preventing fertilization, ovulation, or implantation. EC will disrupt an established pregnancy if taken within 72 hours.

EC will disrupt an established pregnancy if taken within 72 hours.

A client presents at the clinic and is interested in obtaining emergency contraception (EC). The nurse explains that EC must be used within 72 hours of unprotected sex to be effective. This is because: ECs simply prevent embryo creation and uterine implantation from occurring in the first place. ECs can help prevent STIs. ECs are more effective than regular birth control. ECs can induce an abortion (elective termination of pregnancy) of a recently implanted embryo.

ECs simply prevent embryo creation and uterine implantation from occurring in the first

The nurse is working with a client who is in a relationship with a man who controls her activities, calls her names, and occasionally hits her. What are the goals in the treatment of this client? Select all that apply. Involve the police in the situation Empower the client to take control Provide support to the client Hospitalize the client to protect her Maximize the client's safety

Empower the client to take control Provide support to the client Maximize the client's safety

The nurse is caring for a victim of intimate partner violence who needs emotional support. What nursing actions are appropriate for this client? Select all that apply. Tell the client how your friend dealt with intimate partner violence. Encourage the client to attend support groups. Explain how alcohol can cause intimate partner violence. Teach strategies for problem-solving and stress management. Allow the client to make as many decisions as possible.

Encourage the client to attend support groups. Teach strategies for problem-solving and stress management. Allow the client to make as many decisions as possible.

Which action(s) will the nurse advocate for childbearing clients to help the nation achieve the 2030 National Health Goals? Select all that apply. Encourage the client to begin prenatal care early and continue visits. Screen the client for postpartum depression at the postpartum check-up. Schedule the client for weekly ultrasound examinations to detect fetal abnormalities. Educate the client about receiving the Tdap vaccination during pregnancy. Provide the client with information on how to increase folic acid intake.

Encourage the client to begin prenatal care early and continue visits. Educate the client about receiving the Tdap vaccination during pregnancy. Screen the client for postpartum depression at the postpartum check-up. Provide the client with information on how to increase folic acid intake.

Nurses at an emergency department seek to develop a plan to help clients who are victims of intimate partner violence. Which component is critical to the success of the plan? a quality-of-life assessment tool an intimate partner violence (IPV) counselor educational materials avenues for referral

avenues for referral

When counseling potential parents about genetic disorders, which statement would be appropriate? Environmental influences may affect multifactorial inheritance. All genetic disorders involve a similar number of abnormal chromosomes. The absence of genetic disorders in both families eliminates the possibility of having a child with a genetic disorder. Genetic disorders primarily follow Mendelian laws of inheritance.

Environmental influences may affect multifactorial inheritance.

In the resolution phase of sexual response, which response would be most commonly noted in the male? Rectal muscles contract Testes are elevated against the perineum Erection is lost Scrotal sac thickens

Erection is lost

A client with multiple bruises comes to the clinic for treatment. The client appears withdrawn and quiet when communicating with the nurse. The spouse accompanies the client to the exam room and begins to answer all the questions the nurse asks the client. Which action will the nurse take next? Provide the client information on intimate partner violence (IPV). Document the findings in the client's medical record. Escort the client to a private area to complete the assessment. Notify the primary health care provider.

Escort the client to a private area to complete the assessment.

A nurse is working with a client who is anticipating the possibility of leaving a relationship with intimate partner violence. In helping the client make the decision to leave or to stay in the abusive situation, which action would be most important for the nurse to take? Ensure the client understands the behaviors inherent in the cycle of intimate partner violence. Suggest that the client legally change his or her name and move out of state. Assist the client in finding a new apartment and a new job. Explain to the client how to develop a safety plan for leaving the relationship.

Explain to the client how to develop a safety plan for leaving the relationship.

The nurse is conducting an obstetrics assessment on a client at 20 weeks' gestation who is questioning the nurse about the development of the fetus. Which new occurring developments can the nurse point out to this client? Lungs are fully shaped. Eyelids are open. A developed startle reflex is evident. Eyebrows and scalp hair are present.

Eyebrows and scalp hair are present.

A nurse is assessing a pregnant client. The nurse understands that hormonal changes occur during pregnancy. Which hormones would the nurse most likely identify as being inhibited during the pregnancy? FSH and T4 LH and MSH T4 and GH FSH and LH

FSH and LH

A couple comes to the clinic asking questions regarding getting pregnant. The nurse explains that fertilization normally occurs in what structure of the woman's body? Ovarian surface Uterine isthmus Fallopian tube Uterine corpus

Fallopian tube

A nurse is visiting with a couple who has recently completed subfertility assessments and are awaiting the results. Throughout the conversation the wife intermittently begins to cry. What would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this couple? Anticipatory grieving related to failure to conceive or sustain a pregnancy Fear related to possible outcome of subfertility studies Hopelessness related to perception of no viable alternative to usual conception Situational low self-esteem related to the apparent inability to conceive

Fear related to possible outcome of subfertility studies

The nurse is helping the family of a client who has experienced a rape provide appropriate support. Which information should the nurse provide if the client is in the disorganizational phase of recovery? The client will talk about moving away to avoid the area where the rape occurred. Discussions concerning the rape are avoided by the client. Feelings of guilt and shame are characteristic. The client will likely deny needing any counseling.

Feelings of guilt and shame are characteristic.

A woman at 15 weeks' gestation asks the nurse what the fetus currently looks like at this stage of the pregnancy. Which response by the nurse would be most accurate? Rhythmic breathing movements are occurring. The fetus is covered with a white, greasy film called vernix. The fetus is about 15 in (38 cm) in length. Fingernails are present.

Fingernails are present.

The nurse is assessing a 16-year-old female on a routine well-child visit. Which assessment finding will the nurse predict this healthy female will report concerning her menstrual cycles? Flow usually lasts 4 to 6 days. There's abundant clear mucus at the beginning Menstruation began at age 15. The usual cycle is 36 days.

Flow usually lasts 4 to 6 days.

The nurse is teaching a group of women about the hormone that makes the ovum within the ovaries mature each month. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the ovum? Progesterone Estrogen Luteinizing hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone

The nurse is teaching a group of women about the hormone that makes the ovum within the ovaries mature each month. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the ovum? Progesterone Luteinizing hormone Estrogen Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone

A nursing instructor is explaining the stages of fetal development to a group of nursing students. The instructor determines the session is successful after the students correctly choose which time period as representing the pre-embryonic stage? Approximately 6 weeks after fertilization to the end of 8 weeks Approximately 9 weeks after fertilization to birth From fertilization to the end of the second week after fertilization Approximately 2 weeks after fertilization to the end of the eighth week

From fertilization to the end of the second week after fertilization

A client in her 39th week of gestation arrives at the maternity clinic stating that earlier in her pregnancy, she experienced shortness of breath. However, for the past few days, she has been able to breathe easily, but she has also begun to experience increased urinary frequency. A nurse is assigned to perform the physical examination of the client. Which observation is most likely? Fundal height has dropped since the last recording. The fundus is at the level of the umbilicus and measures 20 cm. The lower uterine segment and cervix have softened. Fundal height is at its highest level at the xiphoid process.

Fundal height has dropped since the last recording.

A 41-year-old pregnant woman and her husband are anxiously awaiting the results of various blood tests to evaluate the fetus for potential Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and spina bifida. Client education should include which information? The blood tests are definitive. Further testing will be required to confirm any diagnosis. Treatment can be started once the test results are back. A second set of screening tests can be obtained to confirm results.

Further testing will be required to confirm any diagnosis.

A pregnant client arrives for her first prenatal appointment. She reports her previous pregnancy ended at 19 weeks, and she has 3-year-old twins born at 30 weeks' gestation. How will the nurse document this in her records? G2 T1 P1 A1 L1 G3 T0 P1 A1 L2 G2 T2 P1 A0 L2 G3 T2 P2 A0 L1

G3 T0 P1 A1 L2 G indicates the total number of pregnancies (2 prior, now pregnant = 3); T indicates term deliveries at or beyond 38 weeks' gestation (none = 0); P is for preterm deliveries (at 20 to 37 weeks = 1; multiple fetus delivery are scored as 1); A is for abortions or pregnancies ending before 20 weeks' gestation (1); and L refers to living children which is 2. Thus, G3 T0 P1 A1 L2 is what the nurse should note in the client's record.

A pregnant woman comes to the clinic for a prenatal visit for her third pregnancy. She reveals she had a previous miscarriage at 12 weeks and her 3-year-old son was born at 32 weeks. How should the nurse document this woman's obstetric history? G3, T1, P0, A2, L1 G2, T0, P1, A1, L1 G3, T0, P1, A1, L1 G2, T1, P2, A1, L2

G3, T0, P1, A1, L1 G-# of pregnancies includiing this one T-number of pregnacies carried past 36 weeks P-# of pregnancies ending between 20 to 27 wks A-# of pregnancies ending before 20 wks L-number of living children

A pregnant woman comes to the clinic for a prenatal visit for her third pregnancy. She reveals she had a previous miscarriage at 12 weeks and her 3-year-old son was born at 32 weeks. How should the nurse document this woman's obstetric history? G3, T1, P0, A2, L1 G2, T0, P1, A1, L1 G2, T1, P2, A1, L2 G3, T0, P1, A1, L1

G3, T0, P1, A1, L1 The woman's obstetric history would be documented as G3, T0, P1, A1, L1. G (gravida) = 3 (past and current pregnancy), T (term pregnancies) = 0, P (number of preterm pregnancies) = 1, A (number of pregnancies ending before 20 weeks viability to include miscarriage) = 1, and L (number of living children) = 1.

A nurse is teaching a group of adolescent girls about the menstrual cycle. The nurse would integrate information about which hormones as being predominant during the cycle? Select all that apply. FSH prolactin testosterone LH GnRH

GnRH FSH LH

A pregnant client with multiple bruises in various stages of healing comes to the clinic for treatment. She appears withdrawn and quiet when the nurse approaches her. Her partner accompanies her to the exam room and begins to answer for the client. There is minimal eye contact from the client to the nurse. Which action will the nurse complete next? Have the client's partner leave the room. Assess the client for intimate partner violence. Report the findings to the local authorities. Review the client's chart for previous signs of violence.

Have the client's partner leave the room.

A 22-year-old client comes to the walk-in clinic complaining of fatigue, breast heaviness and extreme tenderness, and a clear vaginal discharge. What question would the nurse ask this client? Are you taking oral contraceptives? Do you have vaginal itching? Do you have a family history of breast cancer? Have you been sexually active in the past 2 months?

Have you been sexually active in the past 2 months?

A pregnant woman's husband does not voice concerns at prenatal visits. Which observation would lead the nurse to suspect that the husband is emotionally involved in the pregnancy? He states he is concerned about the loss of his free time. He walks around furniture as if his abdomen is enlarged. He has refused to paint the baby's room blue. He states he definitely wants a girl.

He walks around furniture as if his abdomen is enlarged.

What physical changes take place when a woman becomes pregnant? Select all that apply. Heart rate increases 10 to 15 beats per minute. Respiratory rate increases 20%. The uterus becomes pear-shaped. Nasal congestion increases due to edema. The areolae become more prominent.

Heart rate increases 10 to 15 beats per minute. The areolae become more prominent. Nasal congestion increases due to edema.

A nurse is caring for a client who admits to living in an abusive relationship. Which action would be the priority to meet the client's safety needs? Refer the client to social services for assistance. Encourage the client to take a self-defense class. Give the client a list of shelters in the area. Help the client develop an emergency plan to leave.

Help the client develop an emergency plan to leave.

The parents of a neonate born at 32 weeks' gestation ask about the purpose of the surfactant being given to the baby. What is the best response by the nurse? Helps the lungs remain expanded after the initiation of breathing Promotes clearing mucus from the respiratory tract Assists with ciliary body maturation in the upper airways Helps maintain a rhythmic breathing pattern

Helps the lungs remain expanded after the initiation of breathing

A pregnant mother may experience constipation and the increased pressure in the veins below the uterus can lead to development of what problem? Umbilical hernia Gastrointestinal reflux Hemorrhoids Varicose veins

Hemorrhoids

The nurse is conducting a health history on a couple planning to become pregnant over the next few months. Which statement by the male client most concerns the nurse? "I have severe asthma and use my inhaler several times each month." "I consume fast food a few times each week and enjoy a few beers on the weekends." "My uncle and his wife have not been able to conceive a child." "I have a degree as a chemical engineer and work at the local plant."

I have a degree as a chemical engineer and work at the local plant."

A nurse is assessing a client whose history reveals that she has undergone female genital mutilation when she was a child. While preparing to assist the health care provider with a pelvic exam, the nurse observes scarring of the area around the vagina which has caused the area to become significantly narrowed. The nurse would interpret this as which type of female genital mutilation? I II III IV V

IV

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a woman who is planning to become pregnant. Which hormone secreted by the corpus luteum would the nurse include in the discussion when describing how the endometrium is prepped for egg implantation? progesterone prolactin testosterone luteinizing hormone

progesterone

While in utero, a fetus swallows many substances that are deposited in the fetal intestinal system as meconium. What problem can arise from this occurrence? The fetus can become constipated following birth. Abdominal distension occurs and infection can set in. If the fetus becomes stressed, the meconium is released into the amniotic fluid, placing the fetus at risk for pneumonia. Meconium-stained fluids cause an increased risk of jaundice.

If the fetus becomes stressed, the meconium is released into the amniotic fluid, placing the fetus at risk for pneumonia.

The nurse is instructing a client with dysmenorrhea on how to manage her symptoms. Which suggestions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. Use heating pads or take warm baths. Increase water consumption. Increase exercise and physical activity. Avoid keeping legs elevated while lying down. Increase intake of salty foods.

Increase water consumption. Use heating pads or take warm baths. Increase exercise and physical activity.

Which physical change would the nurse expect to find in a pregnant client? Select all that apply. Supine hypotension Decreased clotting factors Increased blood volume Negative Hagar sign Increased hemoglobin

Increased blood volume Supine hypotension

The nurse is caring for a woman with injuries as a result of intimate partner violence. What is the nurse's responsibility in providing appropriate care to this client? Encourage the client to leave the unsafe situation and to not return to the abusive relationship. Inform the client about risk factors and determine the immediate level of danger. Tell the client to inform the police and assess the need for protection from the abuser. Remain nonjudgmental by not asking questions or giving advice about what the client needs to do.

Inform the client about risk factors and determine the immediate level of danger.

A client at 24 weeks' gestation is seen for a routine monthly check up. She reports concerns to the nurse about rest periods. She states that when she awakens she feels weak and lightheaded. What is the most appropriate initial action by the nurse? Complete neurological assessment. Assess the client for manifestations of preeclampsia. Request testing to assess the client's serum glucose levels. Inquire about the client's sleeping positions. Make a referral for a cardiac evaluation.

Inquire about the client's sleeping positions.

A client is requesting information on the various available contraceptives. When explaining a vaginal spermicide, which information should the nurse prioritize? Wash with clean water and soap after intercourse. Leave the product in place for 24 hours after intercourse. Insert the product by applicator in the vagina prior to intercourse. Apply the spermicide directly to the glans penis to kill the sperm when they exit the penis.

Insert the product by applicator in the vagina prior to intercourse.

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about intimate partner violence. Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the presentation? Intimate partner violence in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) relationships may go unreported for fear of harassment. Children who witness intimate partner violence against a parent are less likely to become abusers. Intimate partner violence primarily affects young, unmarried women. Until the 1990s, society tended to legitimize a man's control over a woman.

Intimate partner violence in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) relationships may go unreported for fear of harassment.

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client and discovers signs of bruises near her neck. On questioning, the nurse learns that the bruises were caused by her spouse. The client tells the nurse that the spouse had stopped hitting her some time ago, and that this was the first time during the pregnancy that she was assaulted. The client blames herself because she admits to not paying enough attention to her spouse. Which facts about intimate partner violence during pregnancy should the nurse tell the client to convince her that the violence was not her fault? Select all that apply. Intimate partner violence is a result of resentment toward the interference of the growing fetus and change in the woman's shape. Most spouses exhibit violent reactions during pregnancy as a way of coping with the stress. Intimate partner violence is a result of concern for the unborn child when the mother doesn't fulfill her responsibilities toward the newborn. Intimate partner violence is a result of the perception of the partner that the baby will be a competitor after he or she is born. Intimate partner violence is a result of insecurity and jealousy of the pregnancy and the responsibilities it brings.

Intimate partner violence is a result of resentment toward the interference of the growing fetus and change in the woman's shape. Intimate partner violence is a result of the perception of the partner that the baby will be a competitor after he or she is born. Intimate partner violence is a result of insecurity and jealousy of the pregnancy and the responsibilities it brings.

What is an advantage of a cervical cap over a diaphragm? It can be left in place longer. It does not need to be refitted after pregnancy. No initial fitting is required. It needs no spermicidal jelly.

It can be left in place longer.

A female client has been trying to conceive for 3 months. She tells the nurse, "I just know something is wrong with me." Which response by the nurse is best? "It is time to talk to your health care provider about hormone testing." "The problem can be with the man, woman, or both. We will explore all possibilities." "Do you or your partner have a family history of subfertility?" "It can take up to 1 year of regular, unprotected intercourse to conceive."

It can take up to 1 year of regular, unprotected intercourse to conceive

A 12-year-old girl expresses concern to the nurse because she has not begun her period yet. The nurse notes that the girl has grown 6 inches in the past year and a half and is beginning to develop breast buds. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "It is normal for females to begin menstruating between the ages of 12 and 15." "It's difficult to say when you'll get your period but you should not be concerned at this time." "The average age to being you period is 12. I will notify the primary health care provider." "You sound concerned about not having your period. Is there a bigger issue bothering you?"

It is normal for females to begin menstruating between the ages of 12 and 15

A young male asks the nurse at the clinic about what he can do to maintain his sperm production. The nurse would instruct him to take which action? Buy only cotton underwear for use. It is recommended that men wear boxer-style underwear. Wear snug fitting pants to support the scrotum. Take long, hot baths to encourage sperm production.

It is recommended that men wear boxer-style underwear.

The nurse is reviewing the functions of the ovaries, uterus, clitoris, and vagina with a group of high school students. What would be the best response by a high school student about the function of the vagina? It receives the fertilized ovum and provides housing and nourishment for a fetus. It produces female gametes or ova and secretes female sex hormones. It receives sperm, provides an exit for menstrual flow, and serves as the birth canal. It is a small erectile structure that responds to sexual stimulation.

It receives sperm, provides an exit for menstrual flow, and serves as the birth canal.

A woman who is 10 weeks' pregnant calls the physician's office reporting "morning sickness" but, when asked about it, tells the nurse that she is nauseated and vomiting all the time and has lost 5 pounds. What interventions would the nurse anticipate for this client? Since morning sickness is a common problem for pregnant women, the nurse will suggest the woman drink more fluids and eat crackers. An ultrasound will be done to reassess the correctness of gestational dates. Lab work will be drawn to rule out acid-base imbalances. The nurse will encourage the woman to lie down and rest whenever she feels ill

Lab work will be drawn to rule out acid-base imbalances.

The nurse is preparing an educational presentation on interfamilial sexual abuse. What family member will the nurse identify as being the primary sexual assailant? Grandfather Other male member of extended family Male sibling, either biological or step-brother Father or current father figure

Male sibling, either biological or step-brother

The nurse is explaining the latest laboratory results to a pregnant client who is in her third trimester. After letting the client know she is anemic, which heme iron-rich foods should the nurse encourage her to add to her diet? Grains Meats Legumes Dairy

Meats

A woman experiencing menopausal symptoms asks the nurse about herbal remedies for managing her symptoms. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? "Your symptoms are not severe enough to warrant any treatment or therapy." "You should avoid herbal remedies and ask your primary care provider for hormone replacement therapy." "Herbal remedies have been proven quite reliable in alleviating the symptoms of menopause." "Most of the information about herbal therapies is based on reports by those who have used them, not scientific studies."

Most of the information about herbal therapies is based on reports by those who have used them, not scientific studies.

The nurse is assessing a client at 14 weeks' gestation at a routine prenatal visit and notes the fundal height is at the umbilicus. The nurse will most likely interpret this finding to indicate which situation? Deficient amniotic fluid Multiple fetal pregnancy Intrauterine growth retardation Urinary retention

Multiple fetal pregnancy

A client at 25 weeks' gestation presents with a blood pressure of 152/99 mm Hg, pulse 78 beats/min, no edema, and urine negative for protein. What would the nurse do next? Assess the client for ketonuria Notify the health care provider Document the client's blood pressure Provide health education

Notify the health care provider

The nurse is caring for a client who was raped approximately 10 hours ago. The client states, "I do not want to have a baby by whoever did this to me." Which action will the nurse do next? Notify the health care provider. Obtain a urine specimen for a pregnancy test. Request the facility chaplain speak with the client. Continue to assess the client.

Notify the health care provider.

The nurse understands the need to be aware of the potential of bleeding disorders in pregnant clients. Which action(s) will the nurse teach clients to complete at home if vaginal bleeding occurs during pregnancy? Select all that apply. Notify the primary health care provider. Monitor blood pressure. Increase oral fluid intake. Perform a repeat pregnancy test. Note the amount and color of the blood.

Notify the primary health care provider. Note the amount and color of the blood. Increase oral fluid intake.

A couple is seeking guidance for their inability to conceive a child after trying for 15 months. They are morbidly obese but state they have friends with the same weight problem who have had no difficulty conceiving. What education can the nurse provide this couple to increase their chances of success? "Obesity may interfere with effective penetration and deposition of sperm. We will look at several factors to discover what issues you may be encountering." "Weight has no bearing on the ability to conceive. Something else must be going on with your reproductive organs." "If you have been trying for this long without success, something must be wrong. So we will need to run a series of tests to see what that is." "Being this overweight is unhealthy for you and for any child that you may bring into the world. Before you consider conceiving, you should lose weight."

Obesity may interfere with effective penetration and deposition of sperm. We will look at several factors to discover what issues you may be encountering.

A woman at 15 weeks' gestation is about to undergo amniocentesis. Which nursing intervention should be made first? Obtain a signed consent form. Place the client in supine position. Observe the fetal heart rate monitor. Have the client void.

Obtain a signed consent form.

Which of a client's cells are most likely to reproduce by meiosis? Cervix Breast tissue Ova Endometrium

Ova

Which statement would be most appropriate when explaining endometriosis as a cause of a woman's infertility? "Your uterine cervix fails to close because it is engorged with tissue." "You do not ovulate because of endometrial implants on the ovaries." "Menstrual sloughing does not occur, so there is never a new base for embryo growth." "Ovulation does take place; however, the misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum."

Ovulation does take place; however, the misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum."

The nurse is educating a pregnant woman who is planning to breast feed her newborn about the events associated with it. Which hormone would the nurse explain as being reponsible for the let-down reflex? Estrogen Oxytocin Progesterone Testosterone

Oxytocin

What physiologic changes occur after birth when the cord is cut and clamped? The ductus ovale closes over the next 2 to 3 days. The infant takes its first breath and the lungs expand to increase blood oxygen levels. The oxygenated blood coming from the placenta is diverted around the liver through the ductus venosus. The placenta is immediately expelled.

The infant takes its first breath and the lungs expand to increase blood oxygen levels.

A 32-year-old gravida 3 para 2 at 36 weeks' gestation comes to the obstetric department reporting abdominal pain. Her blood pressure is 164/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats per minute, and her respirations are 24 per minute. She is restless and slightly diaphoretic with a small amount of dark red vaginal bleeding. What assessment should the nurse make next? Palpate the fundus and check fetal heart rate. Check deep tendon reflexes. Measure fundal height. Obtain a voided urine specimen and determine blood type.

Palpate the fundus and check fetal heart rate.

With sexual stimulation the penis becomes erect. What is the physiologic cause of an erection? Penile sinuses fill up with blood. The corpus cavernous vasodilates. Veins in the shaft of the penis vasoconstrict. The fascia becomes firm.

Penile sinuses fill up with blood.

Amniotic fluid is produced throughout the pregnancy by the fetal membranes. Amniotic fluid has four major functions. What is one of these functions? Provide fluid to keep the fetus hydrated Restriction of movement Medium in which to test organ maturity Physical protection

Physical protection

After a regular prenatal visit, a pregnant client asks the nurse to describe the differences between placental abruption (abruptio placentae) and placenta previa. Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching? Placental abruption requires "watchful waiting" during labor and birth. Placental abruption results in painless, bright red vaginal bleeding during labor. Placenta previa is an abnormally implanted placenta that is too close to the cervix. Placenta previa causes painful, dark red vaginal bleeding during pregnancy.

Placenta previa is an abnormally implanted placenta that is too close to the cervix.

The nurse is assessing a client who believes she is pregnant. The nurse points out a more definitive assessment is necessary due to which sign being considered a probable sign of pregnancy? Amenorrhea Positive home pregnancy test Fatigue Nausea and vomiting

Positive home pregnancy test

The partner of a pregnant client in her first trimester asks the nurse about the client's behavior recently, stating that she is very moody, seems happy one moment and is crying the next and all she wants to talk about is herself. What response would correctly address these concerns? Moodiness and irritability are not usual responses to pregnancy. Pregnant women often experience mood swings and self-centeredness but this is normal. What you are describing may be normal but we need to talk to her more in depth. Her body is changing and she may be angry about it.

Pregnant women often experience mood swings and self-centeredness but this is normal.

A woman in labor suddenly reports sharp fundal pain accompanied by slight dark red vaginal bleeding. The nurse should prepare to assist with which situation? Placenta previa obstructing the cervix Preterm labor that was undiagnosed Possible fetal death or injury Premature separation of the placenta

Premature separation of the placenta

A woman in labor suddenly reports sharp fundal pain accompanied by slight dark red vaginal bleeding. The nurse should prepare to assist with which situation? Preterm labor that was undiagnosed Placenta previa obstructing the cervix Possible fetal death or injury Premature separation of the placenta

Premature separation of the placenta

A client at 38 weeks' gestation is diagnosed with placental insufficiency. Which prescription from the health care provider will the nurse anticipate? Administer one dose of betamethasone. Prepare the client for an induction of labor. Discharge the client home with daily nonstress testing. Assess the client's blood pressure every 2 hours.

Prepare the client for an induction of labo

A client at 27 weeks' gestation is admitted to the obstetric unit after reporting headaches and edema of her hands. Review of the prenatal notes reveals blood pressure consistently above 136/90 mm Hg. The nurse anticipates the health care provider will prescribe magnesium sulfate to accomplish which primary goal? Prevent maternal seizures Decrease blood pressure Reverse edema Decrease protein in urine

Prevent maternal seizures

The nurse notes injuries indicating intimate partner violence (IPV) when assessing a client. When questioned, the client confirms the nurse's suspicions. Which nursing action is a priority? Encourage the client to move forward and not dwell on past abuse. Document the findings in the client's medical record. Provide the client information on resources for IPV victims. Refer the client to a psychologist for counseling.

Provide the client information on resources for IPV victims.

The nurse notes injuries indicating intimate partner violence (IPV) when assessing a client. When questioned, the client confirms the nurse's suspicions. Which nursing action is a priority? Encourage the client to move forward and not dwell on past abuse. Provide the client information on resources for IPV victims. Document the findings in the client's medical record. Refer the client to a psychologist for counseling.

Provide the client information on resources for IPV victims.

A client has recently been treated in the emergency department for trauma to the head as a result of intimate partner violence (IPV). The client states to the nurse the desire to go back home to the partner upon discharge. Which action will the nurse take first? Have the local authorities speak with the client before discharging. Ensure the client understands the severity of the sustained injury. Provide the client with components of an IPV safety plan. Encourage the client to file a restraining order against the partner.

Provide the client with components of an IPV safety plan.

A pregnant woman comes to the clinic with a head injury. She tells the nurse that her partner came home drunk and she made him angry by not having dinner ready. He lashed out, she got in the way, and her head hit the corner on the table. What action should the nurse take in this situation? Have the client call the police and obtain a restraining order against the partner. Call the police and have the social worker find a place for the client to stay until she gives birth. Provide the client with contact information for a 24-hour shelter and social worker on discharge. Do not discharge the client until she makes arrangements to stay at a friend's home.

Provide the client with contact information for a 24-hour shelter and social worker on discharge.

A mother has come to the clinic with her 13-year-old daughter to find out why she has not started her menses. After a thorough examination and history, genetic testing is prescribed to rule out which abnormality? cri du chat syndrome Klinefelter's syndrome Turner syndrome fragile X syndrome

Turner syndrome

A client who is a rape survivor has appeared to cope very well. However, at a routine visit several months later, the client describes a new onset of nightmares and flashbacks. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate for this client? Refer the client to a psychologist for psychotherapy treatment. Determine the client's actions and routine prior to bed each night. Encourage the client to begin writing a journal reflecting on the rape. Recommend the client receive a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Refer the client to a psychologist for psychotherapy treatment.

A nurse is caring for a client in her second trimester of pregnancy. During a regular follow-up visit, the client reports varicosities of the legs. Which instruction should the nurse provide to help the client alleviate varicosities of the legs? Apply heating pads on the extremities. Avoid sitting in one position for long periods of time. Refrain from crossing legs when sitting for long periods. Refrain from wearing any kind of stockings.

Refrain from crossing legs when sitting for long periods.

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair on the topic of vasectomy. Which information should the nurse point out in the presentation? Relatively easy procedure with few complications Regular sperm counts are not essential Procedure is effective immediately Birth control measures are not required

Relatively easy procedure with few complications

A nurse supervisor observes a nurse massage a client's injection site after giving a dose of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera). What is the priority response by the nurse supervisor? Thank the nurse for excellent client care. Call the health care provider immediately. Write up an incident report for the medication error. Remind the nurse that this injection should absorb slowly.

Remind the nurse that this injection should absorb slowly.

A couple is deciding about contraceptive measures. The male partner has decided to undergo a vasectomy. After teaching the client about this procedure, which client statement indicates the need for additional teaching? "I will have this done in my urologist's office." "I will be able to go back to work in a day or two." "Right after surgery, my semen will be sperm-free." "I will be awake and will get local anesthesia."

Right after surgery, my semen will be sperm-free."

A nurse is describing the use of Rho(D) immune globulin as the therapy of choice for isoimmunization in Rh-negative women and for other conditions to a group of nurses working at the women's health clinic. The nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which situation as an indication for Rho(D) immune globulin? STIs maternal trauma amniocentesis molar pregnancy

STIs

The nurse is assessing a client at her first prenatal visit and reports her LMP started December 1. Which date will the nurse predict for the EDD? September 8 October 7 August 8 July 7

September 8

A woman visits the family planning clinic to request a prescription for birth control pills. Which factor would indicate that an ovulation suppressant would not be the best contraceptive method for her? She is 30 years old. She has irregular menstrual cycles. She has a history of allergy to foreign protein. She has a family history of thromboembolism.

She has a family history of thromboembolism.

A client makes an appointment with an obstetrician and assessment reveals positive Hegar and Chadwick signs. What should the nurse teach the client about these results? The client more likely has a gynecologic disorder rather than pregnancy Pregnancy cannot be confirmed She is probably pregnant, but this must be confirmed by other means The client is definitively pregnant

She is probably pregnant, but this must be confirmed by other means

A client's older child has sickle-cell anemia, an autosomal recessive disorder. The client is now pregnant with a new partner and asks about the chances of this child having sickle-cell anemia. How does the nurse respond? You will need to check with your health care provider about this question. Because this child is female, the child will not be affected by sickle-cell anemia. Because you are a sickle-cell gene carrier, the child has a 50% chance of being affected. Sickle-cell anemia is a recessive gene, so the child will be affected only if your new partner also carries this gene.

Sickle-cell anemia is a recessive gene, so the child will be affected only if your new partner also carries this gene.

The community nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating successful pregnancies. Which component should the nurse prioritize as the most critical to ensure a positive psychological experience with the pregnancy by the mother? Having a planned pregnancy Age at the time of pregnancy Early prenatal care Social support

Social support

The nurse has been working with a subfertile couple through the process of determining their best plan of action to conceive a child. Which action should the nurse prioritize to provide emotional support to this couple? Only speak with the woman, who is the client. Speak only with both partners present so they will feel more comfortable. Speak both separately and together with both partners. Speak separately with each partner so both will feel more free to talk.

Speak both separately and together with both partners.

Why is fertility testing initiated with sperm analysis of the male partner? Sperm analysis is one of the easiest tests to complete. Asking the male partner to undergo diagnostic procedures is the best way to assess his interest in treatment of subfertility. The man is found to be fertile in over 75% of couples with subfertility problems. Male fertility testing is time-consuming and, therefore, should be initiated early.

Sperm analysis is one of the easiest tests to complete.

A couple consults with the nurse regarding their infertility issues. The female says "I don't know what I have done so bad that God would punish me like this." What would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this couple? Anticipatory grieving related to infertility Powerlessness related to infertility Hopelessness related to inability to conceive Spiritual distress related to inability to conceive

Spiritual distress related to inability to conceive

A woman is diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea and is prescribed ibuprofen as part of her treatment plan. When teaching the woman about using this medication, which instruction would be important for the nurse to emphasize? "Start taking the medication when you first get your period." "It is normal for your bowel movements to be black." "Add an aspirin to the regimen if you do not get relief right away." "Take the medication on an empty stomach."

Start taking the medication when you first get your period

The nurse is caring for a client in an abusive situation. In developing a plan of care, which factors does the nurse consider? Select all that apply. Substance use is a common factor in abusive relationships. It often takes several attempts before a woman leaves an abusive situation. Until children reach school age, they are usually not affected by parental discord. Women in abusive relationships usually feel isolated and unsupported. Economic factors rarely play a role in the decision to stay in abusive relationships.

Substance use is a common factor in abusive relationships. It often takes several attempts before a woman leaves an abusive situation. Women in abusive relationships usually feel isolated and unsupported.

During late pregnancy, the nurse teaches a pregnant woman to lay on her left side to avoid what condition? Frequent urination Supine hypotension syndrome Heartburn Preeclampsia

Supine hypotension syndrome

A recently married couple come to the prenatal clinic because they are concerned about genetic testing. The husband is of Jewish heritage. The nurse should recommend the couple undergo genetic testing to determine if the fetus has which disorder common among Ashkenazi Jews (Jews of Eastern European lineage)? Turner syndrome Tay-Sachs disease Down syndrome cystic fibrosis

Tay-Sachs disease

A nurse is using the SAVE model to assess a client for possible violence. When validating the client, which action would the nurse most likely perform? Have the client describe the present relationship. Tell the client that the nurse believes the story. Make continuous eye contact with the client. Inform the client of community resources.

Tell the client that the nurse believes the story.

A female client shares that her partner often comes home in the evening after a couple of beers, and is jealous, tense and verbally abusive. He sometimes destroys things, such as breaking a vase of flowers. The client says this makes her feel embarrassed, but she tries to be submissive to her partner to calm him down. The nurse recognizes this interaction as which phase of a relationship with intimate partner violence? Violent episode phase Remorseful phase Tension-building phase Honeymoon phase

Tension-building phase

When describing the characteristics of the amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, the nurse would include which information? It is composed primarily of organic substances. It limits fetal movement in utero. The amount gradually fluctuates during pregnancy. It is usually an acidic fluid.

The amount gradually fluctuates during pregnancy

During a physical exam, the physician notates that the pregnant client has a positive Chadwick sign. What client findings would be noted for this symptom? The cervix is reddened and swollen. There is hyperpigmentation of the abdomen. There is a rebound of the fetus felt when the physician pushes on the abdomen. The cervix has a bluish, purple discoloration.

The cervix has a bluish, purple discoloration.

A pregnant client at 24 weeks' gestation calls the clinic crying after a prenatal visit, where she had a pelvic exam. She states that she noticed blood on the tissue when she wiped after voiding. What initial statement by the nurse would explain this finding? Some bleeding during pregnancy is not uncommon and this finding is expected. It is possible she is losing her mucus plug, which can cause bloody show. The cervix is very vascular during pregnancy, so spotting after a pelvic exam is not unusual. She may have a bleeding disorder so she needs to come back to the clinic for blood work.

The cervix is very vascular during pregnancy, so spotting after a pelvic exam is not unusual.

The nurse-midwife is performing a pelvic examination on a client who came to her following a positive home pregnancy test. The nurse checks the woman's cervix for the probable sign of pregnancy known as Goodell sign. Which description illustrates this alteration? The cervix looks blue or purple when examined. The fundus enlarges. The lower uterine segment softens. The cervix softens.

The cervix softens.

A client who is a victim of intimate partner violence fails to report the violence primarily because of which reason? The client does not want anyone to know. The client feels responsible for causing the incident. The client feels lucky to be alive. The client thinks it will not happen again.

The client feels responsible for causing the incident.

A client is attempting to become pregnant and is using varied methods to identify ovulation. What assessment finding would most clearly suggest that the client is ovulating? The client has clear, thin cervical mucus The client's progesterone levels are peaking Cervical mucus is absent The client menstruated eight days ago

The client has clear, thin cervical mucus

When implementing an intervention for a client experiencing intimate partner violence, what is the primary goal? The client will be removed from the abusive relationship. The client will regain a sense of control in life. The client will be able to stand up to the abuser. The client will be able to care for oneself.

The client will regain a sense of control in life.

Which statement best expresses the role of the corpus luteum? The corpus luteum promotes the increased production of estrogen before ovulation. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to promote the preparation of the endometrium for implantation. Increasing amounts of cervical mucus are produced as a result of the luteinizing hormone produced by the corpus luteum. During the luteal phase, the corpus luteum secretes glycogen.

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone to promote the preparation of the endometrium for implantation.

The nurse in a primary care clinic and a client have come to see the primary care provider because the client is getting married and wants to have a prenuptial gynecologic examination. After the exam, the nurse asks about the woman's plan to have a family. The woman responds, "Why do I have to plan for a family?" What would be the nurse's best response? The couple can control the time between births when they plan their family. Families are always best when pregnancies are not planned. An unwanted pregnancy can always be aborted. The couple can decide on a method of birth control.

The couple can control the time between births when they plan their family.

The nurse is caring for a couple trying to conceive their first child. The couple state they have been attempting to become pregnant for the past year. Which finding in the couple's history most concerns the nurse? The male client drinks 4 to 5 beers per week. The female client has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The male client's sister experienced infertility. The female client's mother had breast cancer.

The female client has a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

The health care provider has prescribed a karyotype for a newborn. The mother questions the type of information that will be provided by the test. What information should be included in the nurse's response? A karyotype is useful in determining the potential complications the baby may face as a result of its condition. The karyotype will provide information about the severity of your baby's condition. The karyotype will assess the baby's chromosomal makeup. The karyotype will determine the treatment needed for the infant.

The karyotype will assess the baby's chromosomal makeup.

A nurse is caring for a couple during a prenatal clinic visit. Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suggest genetic counseling for the couple? The mother just turned 39 years of age. The mother expresses concern about her stepchildren accepting the baby. The mother is from a larger family, including seven brothers and three sisters. This is the second marriage for the 48-year old father.

The mother just turned 39 years of age.

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation depicting the fetal circulation. The instructor determines the presentation is successful when the students correctly illustrate which route for the ductus arteriosus? The left to right heart atria The pulmonary artery to the aorta The right ventricle to the aorta The aorta to the pulmonary veins

The pulmonary artery to the aorta

The nurse educates a 15-year-old female client on ways to prevent pregnancy. Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching? "The withdrawal method is effective as long as you have a monogamous partner." "The use of a condom is a method often recommended to prevent pregnancy for people your age." "Oral contraceptive pills are effective at preventing pregnancy as long as you take one each week." "If you do not want to become pregnant within the next 10 years, an intrauterine device would be best."

The use of a condom is a method often recommended to prevent pregnancy for people your age.

A nurse is assessing a 45-year-old client. The client asks for information regarding the changes that are most likely to occur with menopause. Which should the nurse tell the client? The uterus shrinks and gradually atrophies. Cervical muscle content increases. The outer layer of the cervix becomes rough. The uterus tilts backward.

The uterus shrinks and gradually atrophies.

A nurse is assessing a 45-year-old client. The client asks for information regarding the changes that are most likely to occur with menopause. Which should the nurse tell the client? The uterus shrinks and gradually atrophies. The outer layer of the cervix becomes rough. Cervical muscle content increases. The uterus tilts backward.

The uterus shrinks and gradually atrophies.

A nurse is caring for a 32-year-old Jewish client who is pregnant with a female baby. The parents are not directly related by blood. The mother reports that her husband's cousin had an infant born with Tay-Sachs disease that died two years ago and she is concerned about her baby. Which information should the nurse need to give this client regarding her baby having the same disease? There is a risk to the baby based upon the Jewish background, so genetic testing would be recommended. Tay-Sachs disease affects only male infants so there is no problem with her baby. The age of the client increases the susceptibility of the baby to Tay-Sachs disease. There is no risk of Tay-Sachs disease because the parents are not related by blood.

There is a risk to the baby based upon the Jewish background, so genetic testing would be recommended.

A nurse is conducting an awareness session on sexual abuse, and she is explaining the psychological profile of an average abuser. Which trait is often displayed by abusers? They exhibit antisocial behaviors. They are usually physically imposing. They belong to the low-income group. They have parents who are divorced.

They exhibit antisocial behaviors.

The nurse is reviewing the functions of the ovaries, uterus, clitoris, and vagina with a group of nursing students. What would be the correct response by a nursing student about the function of the ovaries? They receive the fertilized ovum and provide housing and nourishment for a fetus. They produce female gametes or ova and secrete female sex hormones. They are a small erectile structure that responds to sexual stimulation. They receive sperm, provide an exit for menstrual flow, and serve as the birth canal.

They produce female gametes or ova and secrete female sex hormones.

The caregiver of a 10-year-old male client tells the nurse, "He is already showing signs of puberty. He has facial hair and his voice has changed. I want to have his hormone levels tested." Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "I will let the health care provider know you are concerned." "Do you know if his father experienced similar changes early in childhood?" "I agree. His testosterone levels are probably elevated." "This is normal for his age. Puberty can begin as early as 8 years of age."

This is normal for his age. Puberty can begin as early as 8 years of age."

A young woman presents at the emergency department reporting lower abdominal cramping and spotting at 12 weeks' gestation. The primary care provider performs a pelvic examination and finds that the cervix is closed. What does the care provider suspect is the cause of the cramps and spotting? Habitual abortion Ectopic pregnancy Threatened abortion Cervical insufficiency

Threatened abortion

The nurse is presenting a nutritional plan to a primigravida client who is questioning the addition of iodized salt to her diet. Which explanation should the nurse prioritize in answering this client? Because of decreased thyroid activity during pregnancy, the thyroid does not produce as much as normal. Thyroid activity, which depends on iodine intake, increases during pregnancy. Progesterone formation is dependent on a high iodine intake. Adrenal gland activity during pregnancy decreases iodine's effectiveness.

Thyroid activity, which depends on iodine intake, increases during pregnancy.

The nurse is explaining about the function of the mons pubis to a client. Which explanation describes the function of the mons pubis? To enhance sexual pleasure To serve as the receptacle for sperm To protect the pelvic bones during sexual intercourse To allow for stretching during birth

To protect the pelvic bones during sexual intercourse

During an examination, a client at 32 weeks' gestation becomes dizzy, lightheaded, and pale while supine. What should the nurse do first? Ask the client to breathe deeply. Turn the client on her left side. Take the client's blood pressure. Listen to fetal heart tones.

Turn the client on her left side.

A nurse is providing medication teaching related to oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) that a client is being given to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Which is the most important intervention for the nurse to include? Use a second form of contraception for the initial seven days on the OCPs. Begin the pills as soon as they are prescribed. Eliminate the 7 placebo pills to skip your menses. Take the pill at the same time every day and never double the dose.

Use a second form of contraception for the initial seven days on the OCPs.

A nurse is conducting a presentation on violence and abuse for a community health program. When describing this concept, which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply. Violence against women often goes unrecognized and unreported. It ranks low on the scale as a cause for morbidity. Violence against men by women is being significantly addressed. In some countries, violence against women is considered acceptable behavior. Violence during pregnancy is rare occurrence.

Violence against women often goes unrecognized and unreported. In some countries, violence against women is considered acceptable behavior.

The nurse is conducting a prenatal class for a group of primigravida clients. Which instruction will the nurse prioritize when teaching about breast care? Wash the nipples with a deodorant soap to keep them clean and help toughen them. Use hot water and a mild soap to keep the nipples clean. Use an antibacterial soap and cool water to keep the nipples clean. Wash the nipples with clean water only.

Wash the nipples with clean water only.

A family is making a decision about amniocentesis during pregnancy. What question(s) will the nurse ask to ensure they have made an informed choice? Select all that apply. Which benefits and risks matter most to you? Are there any other questions that you have in order to make this decision? What support and advice do you have to make this choice? How would you feel if you have a miscarriage after the procedure? How would you feel if your baby is born with a genetic disorder?

What support and advice do you have to make this choice? Which benefits and risks matter most to you? Are there any other questions that you have in order to make this decision?

The nurse is explaining the phases of the uterine cycle to a client. What action during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle should the nurse include in the teaching session with the client? While the ovarian follicles are producing increased amounts of estrogen, the endometrium prepares for possible fertilization with pronounced growth. Withdrawal of hormones causes the endometrial cells to change, and menstruation begins. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, and hormonal levels fall. An ovum matures and is released.

While the ovarian follicles are producing increased amounts of estrogen, the endometrium prepares for possible fertilization with pronounced growth.

A woman is 40 years old and a heavy smoker. She has a single sexual partner but has very irregular menstrual cycles. She wants a highly reliable contraceptive. Which method would be the best recommendation? a spermicidal suppository a diaphragm and spermicide the rhythm (calendar) method an ovulation suppressant

a diaphragm and spermicide

A woman uses a diaphragm for contraception. The nurse would instruct her to return to the clinic to have her diaphragm fit checked after which occurrence? cervical infection a vaginal infection six months of nonuse a weight gain of 10 lb (4.5 kg)

a weight gain of 10 lb (4.5 kg)

After teaching a woman about hyperemisis gravidarum and how it differs from the typical nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, which statement by the woman indicates that the teaching was successful? a. I can expect the nausea to last through my second trimester b. I should drink fluids with my meals instead of in between them c. I need to avoid strong odors, perfumes, or flavors d. I should lie down after I eat for about 2 hours

a. I can expect the nausea to last through my second trimester

Which woman should receive RhoGAM postpartum? a. NOnsensitized Rh-negative mother with an Rh-negative newborn b. NOnsensitized Rh-negative mother with an Rh-positive newborn c. Sensitized Rh-negative mother with an Rh-positive newborn d. Sensitized Rh-negative mother with an Rh-negative newborn

a. NOnsensitized Rh-negative mother with an Rh-negative newborn

Which is not true about breastfeeding? a. breastfeed infants experience more obesity and allergies b. breast milk is perfectly suited to the infant's nutritional needs c. breast milk contains maternal antibodies to stimulate infant's immunity d. breastfeeding enhances maternal bonding and attachment

a. breastfeed infants experience more obesity and allergies

Throughout life, a womans most proactive activity to promote her health would be to engage in a. consistent exercise b. socialization with friends c. quality quiet time with herself d. consuming water

a. consistent exercise

which of the following is the major goal of genetic counseling? a. identify and determine the role of heredity b. reinforce previously presented test data c. emphasize good communication skills d. offer referral to community support groups

a. identify and determine the role of heredity

Which would be considered risk factors for psychological well-being during pregnancy? select all that apply a. limited support system and network of friends and family b. introverted personality at any point in the pregnancy c. ambivalence at any time during the pregnancy d. high levels of stress due to family discord e. history of previous high-risk pregnancy with complications f. depression prior to pregnancy and on medication

a. limited support system and network of friends and family d. high levels of stress due to family discord e. history of previous high-risk pregnancy with complications f. depression prior to pregnancy and on medication

A nurse is working with a victim of violence to develop a safety plan. The nurse teaches the client about the necessary items to take when leaving. The nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client identifies which items? Select all that apply. a. most of her clothing b. photo ID c. phone cards d. cash e. health insurance cards

a. most of her clothing c. phone cards

During pregnancy which foods should the expectant mother reduce or avoid? a. raw meat or uncooked shellfish b. fresh, washed fruits and vegetables c. whole grains and cereals d. protein and iron from meat sources

a. raw meat or uncooked shellfish

A nurse is working with a victim of IPV. Which intervention would be most important for this client? a. reassuring the client he or she is not alone b. documenting the violence c. educating about the cycle of violence d. providing for the clients safety

a. reassuring the client he or she is not alone

During a follow-up visit to the clinic, a victim of sexual assault reports changing jobs and moving to another town. The client tells the nurse, "I pretty much stay to myself at work and at home." The nurse interprets these findings to indicate that the client is in which phase of rape recovery? a. reorganization b. disorganization c. integration d. denial

a. reorganization

Which combination contraceptive has been approved for extended continuous use? a. seasonale b. triphasil c. ortho evra d. mirena

a. seasonale

The nurse is teaching a group of students about the possible effects of immigration on the health status of children. Which response by the group would indicate the need for additional teaching? a. the children of immigrants have better access to preventative care b. the children of immigrants have limited involvement in activities due to the language barrier c. the children of immigrants lack adequate support systems d. the children of immigrants face increased stressors due to relocation

a. the children of immigrants have better access to preventative care

RhoGAM is given to Rh-negative women to prevent maternal sensitization. In addition to pregnancy, Rh-negative women would also receive this medication after which occurence? a. therapeutic or spontaneous abortion b. head injury from car accident c. blood transfusion after a hemorrhage d. unsuccessful artificial insemination procedure

a. therapeutic or spontaneous abortion

A client prescribed oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) has presented for a routine visit. Which finding, if reported by the client upon assessment, should the nurse prioritize? abdominal pain light menstrual flow small amount of breakthrough bleeding cramping during menses

abdominal pain

A nurse is assessing a client and suspects that the client may be experiencing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Applying the American Psychiatric Association criteria, the nurse would assess which symptoms? Select all that apply. affective lability dysuria diarrhea focused thinking sleep difficulties

affective lability sleep difficulties diarrhea

A pregnant client is undergoing a fetal biophysical profile. Which parameter of the profile helps measure long-term adequacy of the placental function? fetal breathing record amniotic fluid volume fetal reactivity fetal heart rate

amniotic fluid volume

Which hormone is called the hormone of pregnancy because it reduces uterine contractions during pregnancy? estrogen progesterone luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

progesterone

When developing a presentation for a local community organization on violence, the nurse is planning to include statistics on IPV and its effects on children. When addressing these statistics, what is the rate of cases involving a parent and the children being abused? a. 1 in 5 b. 1 in 8 c. 1 in 10 d. 1 in 3

b. 1 in 8

A couple is considered infertile after how many months of trying to conceive? a. 6 b. 12 c. 18 d. 24

b. 12

The nurse is preparing her teaching plan for a woman who has just had her pregnancy confirmed. Which information should be included in it? Select all that apply a. prevent constipation by taking a laxative daily b. balance your dietary intake by increasing your calories by 300 daily c. continue your daily walking routine just as you did before this pregnancy d. tetanus, measles, mumps and rubella vaccines will be given to you now e. avoid tub baths to prevent vaginal infections f. sexual activity is permitted as long as membranes are intact g. increase milk comsumption to meet iron needs

b. Balance your dietary intake by increasing your calories by 300 daily c. Continue your daily walking routine just as you did before this pregnancy e. Avoid tub baths now that you are pregnant to prevent vaginal infections f. Sexual activity is permitted as long as your membranes are intact

A client comes to the clinic for pregnancy testing. The nurse explains that the test detects the presence of which hormone? a. Human placental lactogen (hPL) b. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) c. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) d. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

b. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

What factors would change during a pregnancy if the hormone progesterone were reduced or withdrawn? a. the womans gums would become red, swollen and bleed easily b. the uterus would contract more and peristalsis would increase c. morning sickness would increase and would be prolonged d. the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland would be inhibited

b. The uterus would contract more and peristalsis would increase.

The nurse is presenting a class at a local community health center on violence during pregnancy. Which possible complication would the nurse include? a. placenta previa b. chorioamnionitis c. postterm labor d. gestational hypertension

b. chorioamnionitis

A nurse is caring for a recent rape victim. The nurse would expect this client to experience which first? a. denial b. disorganization c. reorganization d. integration

b. disorganization

What event occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle? a. menstrual flow starts b. endometrium thickens c. ovulation occurs d. progesterone secretion peaks

b. endometrium thickens

The predominant anterior pituitary hormone that orchestrates the menstrual cycle is a. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) b. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) c. corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) d. gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

b. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

a pregnant client close to term comes in the clinic for an exam. The woman complains about experiencing shortness of breath. The nurse knows that this may be caused by the a. fetus needing more oxygen due to larger size b. fundus of the uterus pushing the diaphragm upward c. woman experiencing an allergic reaction because of high histamine levels d. oxygen partial pressure concentrating becoming lower during the third trimester

b. fundus of the uterus pushing the diaphragm upward

A pregnant woman who is at approximately 12 weeks gestation comes to the emergency department after calling her provider and reporting moderate vaginal bleeding. Assessment reveals cervical dilation and moderately strong abdominal cramps. She reports that she has passed some tissue with the bleeding. The nurse interprets these findings to suggest which of the following? a. threatened abortion b. inevitable abortion c. incomplete abortion d. missed abortion

b. inevitable abortion

A woman is suspected of having placental abruption. Which finding would the nurse expect to assess as a classic symptom? a. painless, bright red bleeding b. knife-like abdominal pain c. excessive nausea and vomiting d. hypertension and headache

b. knife-like abdominal pain

The nurse is preparing a class for a group of students about homelessness. Which factors contribute to homelessness? Select all that apply. a. decrease in the number of people living in poverty b. rises in unemployment c. exposure to abuse or neglect d. cutbacks in public welfare programs e. development of community crisis centers

b. rises in unemployment c. exposure to abuse or neglect d. cutbacks in public welfare programs

In addition to providing privacy, which action would be most appropriate initially in situations involving suspected IPV? a. ask the abuser to describe his side of the story first b. tell the client, "injuries like these don't usually happen by accident" c. call the police immediately d. allow the client to have a good cry

b. tell the client, "injuries like these don't usually happen by accident"

A nurse is listening to a client who is a victim of IPV. The client is describing how events would unfold with the partner. The nurse interprets the clients statements and identifies which action as characteristic of the second phase of the cycle of violence? a. the batterer is contrite and attempts to apologize for the behavior b. the physical battery is abrupt and unpredictable c. verbal assaults begin to escalate toward the victim d. The victim accepts the anger is legitimately directed at him or her

b. the physical battery is abrupt and unpredictable

A young mother is expressing frustration of not being able to breastfeed her infant. A potential cause could be the lack of the hormone: luteinizing hormone. prolactin. estrogen. oxytocin.

prolactin.

The school nurse is preparing a health education session on the topic of birth control for a college group. Which method should the nurse emphasize for this group? hormonal transdermal rhythm barrier

barrier

The nurse is teaching a young couple who desire to start their family the various methods for determining fertility. After discovering the woman regularly travels internationally for work, deals with a lot of job anxiety, and frequently uses an electric blanket at home, the nurse will discourage the use of which method? cervical mucus method calendar method basal body temperature method symptothermal method

basal body temperature method

A pregnant woman who is a vegetarian asks the nurse, "What would you suggest to make sure that I get enough protein in my diet while I am pregnant?" Which food(s) would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply. beans orange juice nuts green leafy vegetables lentils

beans lentils nuts

The _____ is a fluid filled space thats inner surface forms into the embryo and amnion trophoblast blastocyst

blastocyst

If a client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for hyperemesis gravidarum, which bedside lab tests need to be performed daily? Select all that apply. 1 hour of fetal monitoring urine for ketones blood glucose testing urine for protein orthostatic blood pressures

blood glucose testing urine for ketones

The nurse at a health fair is teaching about the various changes of puberty. Which sequence of events will be best for the nurse to present when illustrating pubertal changes in females? Appearance of pubic hair, menarche, breast budding menarche, breast budding, appearance of pubic hair appearance of pubic hair, breast budding, menarche breast budding, appearance of pubic hair, menarche

breast budding, appearance of pubic hair, menarche

The nurse is examining a woman who came to the clinic because she thinks she is pregnant. Which data collected by the nurse are presumptive signs of her pregnancy? Select all that apply. amenorrhea morning sickness ultrasound pictures fetal heartbeat hydatidiform mole breast changes

breast changes amenorrhea morning sickness

A nurse is caring for an adolescent girl experiencing menstruation for the first time. What are the changes that occur in the body at this stage that the nurse should share with the adolescent girl? breast development urinary incontinence hot flashes irritability and insomnia

breast development

What anatomic area should be examined when assessing Montgomery glands (Montgomery tubercles)? perineum abdomen breasts thorax

breasts

A nurse is presenting a discussion on sexual violence at a local community college. When describing the incidence of sexual violence, the nurse would identify that a woman has which chance of experiencing sexual assault in her lifetime a. 3 in 20 b. 1 in 3 c. 1 in 5 d. 2 in 15

c. 1 in 5

A nurse is reading a journal article about sexual abuse. Which age range would the nurse expect to find as the peak age for such abuse? a. 7 to 10 b. 18 to 22 c. 8 to 12 d. 14 to 18

c. 8 to 12

which is a presumptive sign or symptom of pregnancy a. restlessness b. elevated mood c. urinary frequency d. low backache

c. Urinary frequency

A nurse suspects that a client is experiencing IPV and uses a screening protocol to gather additional information from the client. When asking the client direct questions which behavior by the nurse would be appropriate to elicit accurate information? Select all that apply a. use leading questions b. look away from the client when asking any questions c. avoid the use of technical language d. minimize what the client says e. wait patiently for the client to answer

c. avoid the use of technical language e. wait patiently for the client to answer

After teaching a group of students about fertilization, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which as the usual site of fertilization? a. fundus of the uterus b. endometrium of the uterus c. distal portion of fallopian tube d. follicular tissue of the ovary

c. distal portion of fallopian tube

Sperm maturation and storage in the male reproductive system occur in the a. testes b. vas deferens c. epididymis d. seminal vesicles

c. epididymis

Put the phases of the menstrual cycle in correct order from first to last. All options must be used. ischemic secretory proliferative menses

proliferative secretory ischemic menses

A nurse is working in a womens health clinic. Which woman would genetic counseling be most appropriate for? a. had her first miscarriage at 10 weeks b. is 30 years old and planning to conceive c. has a history with a close relative with down syndrome d. is 18 weeks pregnant with a normal triple screen result

c. has a history with a close relative with down syndrome

A single mother asks the nurse for suggestions on disciplining her 2-year-old son. Which suggestion would be most appropriate? a. encourage the mother to emphasize the inappropriate behavior b. wait an hour or so before enforcing the discipline c. have the child spend 2 minutes in time-out d. withhold a privilege from the toddler for a week

c. have the child spend 2 minutes in time-out

The nurse is preparing to teach a class to a group of middle aged women regarding the most common vasomotor symptoms experienced during menopause and possible modalities of treatment available. which of the following would be a vasomotor symptom experienced by menopausal women? a. weight gain b. bone density c. hot flashes d. heart disease

c. hot flashes

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for victims who are recoving from IPV. The nurse would focus the teaching on ways to: a. enhance their personal appearance b. develop their creativity and work ethic c. improve their communication skills and assertiveness d. plan more nutritious meals to improve their own health

c. improve their communication skills and assertiveness

The nurse teaches the pregnant client how to perform kegel exercises as a way to accomplish which action? a. prevent perineal lacerations b. stimulate labor contractions c. increase pelvic muscle tone d. lose pregnancy weight quickly

c. increase pelvic muscle tone

Which factor would most likely be responsible for a pregnant women's failure to receive adequate prenatal care in the united states? a. belief that it is not necessary in a normal pregnancy b. use of denial to cope w/ pregnancy c. lack of health insurance to cover expenses d. inability to trust traditional medical practices

c. lack of health insurance to cover expenses

The nurse is preparing to teach a class to a group of middle aged women regarding the most common vasomotor symptoms experienced during menopause and possible modalities of treatment available. Which are common vasomotor symptoms? a. chronic fatigue and confusion b. forgetfulness and irritability c. night sweats and hot flashes d. decrease in sexual response and appetite

c. night sweats and hot flashes

What is the first step in determining a couple's risk for a genetic disorder? a. observing the client and family over time b. conducting extensive psychological testing c. obtaining a thorough family health history d. completing an extensive exclusionary list

c. obtaining a thorough family health history

Which of the following is an example of an autosomal dominant disorder? a. phenylketonuria b. tay-sachs disease c. polycystic kidney disease d. cystic fibrosis

c. polycystic kidney disease

After teaching a class at a local college campus on date rape, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which substance as the most common date rape drug? a. gamma hydroxybutyrate b. liquid ecstasy c. rohypnol d. ketamine

c. rohypnol

Reva Rubin identified four major tasks that the pregnant woman undertakes to form a mutually gratifying relationship with her infant. What is binding in? a. ensuring safe passage through pregnancy, labor and birth b. seeking acceptance of this infant by others c. seeking acceptance of self as mother to the infant d. learning to give of oneself on behalf of the infant

c. seeking acceptance of self as mother to the infant

Which glands are located on either side of the female urethra and secrete mucus to keep the opening moist and lubricated for urination? a. cowper b. bartholin c. skene d. seminal

c. skene

Which activity will increase a womans risk of CVD if she is taking oral contraceptives? a. eating a high-fiber diet b. smoking cigarettes c. taking daily multivitamins d. drinking alcohol

c. taking daily multivitamins

What is the major concern for a lactose intolerant woman who is pregnant? calcium deficiency vitamin D deficiency nausea and vomiting dangerous symptom of abdominal cramping

calcium deficiency

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating the structures found during a pregnancy. Which structures should the students point out form a protective barrier around the developing fetus? amnion and mesoderm ectoderm and amnion chorion and amnion chorion and endoderm

chorion and amnion

The nurse is caring for a child with Down syndrome (trisomy 21). This is an example of which type of inheritance? chromosome nondisjunction Mendelian recessive phase 2 atrophy Mendelian dominant

chromosome nondisjunction

A group of nursing students are comparing male and female reproductive organs. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly deduce the male glans penis is complementary to which female structure? vagina labia majora vulva clitoris

clitoris

It is important that a nurse recognizes there are cultural differences that will have an influence on the care of the client. Some cultures practice female circumcision, which involves the removal of the: clitoris. labia minora. fourchette. hymen.

clitoris.

The nursing instructor is preparing a class presentation covering the various hormones and their functions during pregnancy. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly matches which function with hCG? sustains life of placenta provides rich blood supply to decidua continues progesterone production by corpus luteum maintains nutrient-rich decidua

continues progesterone production by corpus luteum

A woman calls the prenatal clinic and says that she thinks she might be in labor. She shares her symptoms over the phone with the nurse and asks what to do. The nurse determines that she is likely in true labor and that she should head to the hospital. Which symptom is an indicator of true labor? contractions beginning in the back and sweeping forward across the abdomen increase in fetal kick count intermittent backache stronger than usual lightening (descent of the fetus into the pelvis)

contractions beginning in the back and sweeping forward across the abdomen

During pregnancy a woman has many psychological adaptations that must be made. The nurse must remember that the baby's father is also experiencing the pregnancy and has adaptations that must be made. Some fathers actually have symptoms of the pregnancy along with the mothers. What is this called? cretinism couvade syndrome pregnancy syndrome pseudo pregnancy

couvade syndrome

What comment by a woman would indicate that a diaphragm is not the best contraceptive device for her? a. my husband says it is my job to keep from getting pregnant b. I have a hard time remembering to take my vitamins daily c. hormones cause cancer and I don't want to take them d. I am not comfortable touching myself down there

d. I am not comfortable touching myself down there

The nurse is counseling a couple, one whom is affected by an autosomal dominant disorder. They express concerns about the risk of transmitting the disorder. What is the best response by the nurse regarding the risk that their baby may have for the disease? a. one in 4 chance (25%) b. The risk is 12.5% or 1/8 c. the chance is 100% d. The risk is 50%

d. The risk is 50%

a feeling expressed by most women upon learning they are pregnant is a. acceptance b. depression c. jealousy d. ambivalence

d. ambivalence

The most common cause of menstrual abnormality in reproductive-age women is a. ectopic pregnancy b. coagulopathy c. carcinoma d. anovulation

d. anovulation

When a nurse suspects that a client may be a victim of intimate partner violence the FIRST action should be to a. set up an appointment with an ipv counselor b. ask the suspected abuser about the victims injuries c. encourage the client to leave the abuser immediately d. ask the client about the injuries and are the related to IPV

d. ask the client about the injuries and are the related to IPV

During a clinic visit, a pregnant client at 30 weeks' gestation tells the nurse, " I've had some mild cramps that are pretty irregular. What does this mean?" The cramps are probably a. the beginning of labor in the very early stages b. an ominous finding indicating that the client is about to have a miscarriage c. related to overhydration of the woman d. braxton hicks contractions, which occur throughout pregnancy

d. braxton hicks contractions, which occur throughout pregnancy

A nurse is describing the cycle of violence at a community group. When explaining the first phase, the nurse would include which description? a. associated with loss of physical and emotional control b. like a honeymoon that lulls the victim c. somehow triggered by the victims behavior d. characterized by tension-building and minor battery

d. characterized by tension-building and minor battery

A nurse is working with a group of clients who are victims of IPV. The nurse focuses interventions on which area as the primary goal? a. helping them cope with their life as it is b. convincing them to leave the abuser soon c. arresting the abuser d. empowering them to regain control of their life

d. empowering them to regain control of their life

When preparing a presentation for a local woman's group on women's health problems, what would the nurse include as the number-one cause of mortality for women in the United States? a. breast cancer b. childbirth complications c. injury resulting from violence d. heart disease

d. heart disease

A nurse is assessing a rape survivor for posttraumatic stress disorder. The nurse asks the survivor, "do you feel as though you are reliving the trauma?" The nurse is assessing for which effect of the trauma? a. physical symptoms b. hyperarousal c. avoidance d. intrusive thoughts

d. intrusive thoughts

Practicing good oral hygiene is important for all women throughout pregnancy. As a nurse providing anticipatory guidance for pregnant women, what condition can result from periodontal disease if good dental care isn't practiced? a. postdated pregnancy b. large-for gestational-age infant c. advanced reproductive cancer d. preterm or low-birth weight infant

d. preterm or low-birth weight infant

Which hormone is produced in high levels to prepare the endometrium for implantation just after ovulation by the corpus luteum? a. estrogen b. prostaglandins c. prolactin d. progesterone

d. progesterone

A physically abused pregnant woman reports to the nurse that her spouse has stoppedhitting her and promises never to hurt her again. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? a. Thats great. I wish you both the best b. He probably didn't mean to hurt you c. You need to consider leaving him d. Remember, the cycle of violence often repeats itself

d. remember the cycle of violence often repeats itself

Which fish should be limited in a pregnant womans diet because of its high mercury content? a. salmon b. cod c. shrimp d. swordfish

d. swordfish

When describing an episode of intimate partner violence, the victim reports attempting to calm the partner down to keep things from escalating. The nurse interprets this behavior as reflecting which phase of the cycle of violence? a. reconciliation b. battering c. honeymoon d. tension-building

d. tension-building

When caring for an adolescent, in which instance must the nurse share information with the parents, no matter which state care is provided in? a. pregnancy counseling b. depression c. contraception d. tuberculosis

d. tuberculosis

Which measure helps prevent osteoporosis? a. supplementing with iron b. sleeping 8 hours nightly c. eating lean meats only d. weight-bearing exercise

d. weight-bearing exercise

A nurse is working with a victim of violence. Which statement would be most appropriate to empower the victim to take action? a. change your behavior so not to trigger the violence b. remember-children do best in two-parent families c. give your partner more time to come around d. you are a good person, and you deserve better than this

d. you are a good person, and you deserve better than this

A nurse is providing education to a client who is 8 weeks' pregnant. The client stated she does not like milk. What is a source of calcium that the nurse can recommend to the client? meat, poultry, and fish white bread and rice deep red or orange vegetables dark, leafy green vegetables

dark, leafy green vegetables

The nurse should carefully screen a client who insists on using only oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) for which contraindication? deep vein thrombosis impaired absorption gastrointestinal disease use of alcohol

deep vein thrombosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with an ear infection. While discussing the partner with the nurse, the client says that the lover's behavior is "threatening" and "intimidating" at times, even though the partner has not physically harmed the client. The client wants to know what emotional abuse is. Which statement best describes an example of emotional abuse? throwing objects at the client destroying valued possessions or attacking pets forcing the client to have intercourse being overly watchful of the client's every move

destroying valued possessions or attacking pets

A woman is being closely monitored and treated for severe preeclampsia with magnesium sulfate. Which finding would alert the nurse to the development of magnesium toxicity in this client? serum magnesium level of 6.5 mEq/L diminished reflexes elevated liver enzymes seizures

diminished reflexes

The nurse is preparing to assess a young woman's external genitalia. The nurse predicts the client is currently in the most fertile phase of the menstrual cycle based on which assessment finding of the vaginal mucus drainage? raw egg white consistency yellow, tacky, and crumbly clear and oily distensible, stretchable quality

distensible, stretchable quality

A home health care nurse is visiting a pregnant client with preeclampsia who is being managed at home. The nurse is reviewing the situations for which the client should contact the nurse. The nurse determines that the client demonstrates understanding when identifying which situation(s) as needing to be reported? Select all that apply. excessive heartburn blurred vision dizziness sinus headache increased urination

dizziness blurred vision excessive heartburn

What anticipatory guidance regarding sexual activity during pregnancy includes which of the following? Select all that apply :a. Sexual activity is contraindicated throughout pregnancy b. Most women don't desire intimacy after the first trimester c. Sexual activity may continue up until the end of the second trimester d. Sexual intercourse is prohibited if a history of preterm labor exists e. Women's sexual desire may change throughout the pregnancy f. Couples can try a variety of positions of comfort during pregnancy

e. Women's sexual desire may change throughout the pregnancy f. Couples can try a variety of positions of comfort during pregnancy

The nurse is performing a newborn examination. What assessment finding by the nurse may identify potential chromosomal anomalies? flexed muscle tone ears set below the level of the eyes presence of acrocyanosis two creases of the palms

ears set below the level of the eyes

Which forms the central nervous system, special senses, skin and glands endoderm ectoderm mesoderm

ectoderm

A nurse is conducting a refresher program for a group of perinatal nurses. Part of the program involves a discussion of HELLP. The nurse determines that the group needs additional teaching when they identify which aspect as a part of HELLP? low platelet count hemolysis elevated lipoproteins liver enzyme elevation

elevated lipoproteins

The nursing student is preparing a presentation that will illustrate the various stages of fetal development. The student will label which stage as the time when the various tissues of the growing embryo begin to assume specific functions? embryonic pre-embryonic post-embryonic fetal

embryonic

During which stage of fetal development is exposure to teratogens most damaging? pre-embryonic stage fetal stage mitosis stage embryonic stage

embryonic stage

Which type of elder mistreatment involves harm of self-worth? abandonment neglect physical emotional

emotional

A woman is 10 weeks' pregnant and tells the nurse that this pregnancy was unplanned and she has no real family support. The nurse's most therapeutic response would be to: tell her to move home so her family will be nearby to help her. offer to meet with the client on a regular basis to provide her someone to talk to about her concerns. encourage her to identify someone that she can talk to and share the pregnancy experience. remind her that she is still early in the pregnancy and she will feel better about it as the pregnancy progresses.

encourage her to identify someone that she can talk to and share the pregnancy experience.

Which forms the respiratory system, liver, pancreas and digestive system? endoderm ectoderm mesoderm

endoderm

A nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with secondary dysmenorrhea for possible associated causes. Which etiology would the nurse need to keep in mind as being the most common? hormonal imbalance perimenopause endometriosis multigravida status

endometriosis

A woman at the fertility clinic for the first time asks, "What could have caused my infertility?" After teaching the woman about possible causes, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which condition as a common cause? Select all that apply. endometriosis pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) history of ovarian tumor vaginal pH of 4.2 anovulation

endometriosis pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) anovulation

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating what happens to the body during pregnancy. Which structure will the students point out is influenced the most by hormones to prepare for conception? perimetrium endometrium myometrium fundus

endometrium

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating what happens to the body during pregnancy. Which structure will the students point out is influenced the most by hormones to prepare for conception? perimetrium myometrium fundus endometrium

endometrium

The nurse is planning to speak at a local community center to a group of middle-aged women about osteoporosis. Which measure would the nurse be sure to include as effective in reducing the risk for osteoporosis? limiting intake of cholesterol and saturated fats drinking at least 1 glass of wine per day engaging in daily weight-bearing exercise decreasing vitamin D intake

engaging in daily weight-bearing exercise

A client is trying to have a baby and wants to know the best time to have intercourse to increase the chances of pregnancy. Which time for intercourse is ideal to help her chances of conceiving? any time after ovulation one or two days before ovulation a week after ovulation any time during the week before ovulation

one or two days before ovulation

A woman at 9 weeks' gestation was unable to control the nausea and vomiting of hyperemesis gravidarum through conservative measures at home. With nausea and vomiting becoming severe, the woman was omitted to the obstetrical unit. Which action should the nurse prioritize? establish IV for rehydration instruct on NPO status bed rest with bathroom privileges administration of antiemetics

establish IV for rehydration

The nurse is describing pregnancy danger signs to a pregnant woman who is in her first trimester. Which danger sign might occur at this point in her pregnancy? swelling of extremities lower abdominal pressure excessive vomiting dyspnea

excessive vomiting

The nurse is teaching a group of college students about the four phases of the sexual response. Which phase will the nurse point out as producing an elevation in heart rate, blood pressure, and respirations? orgasm plateau excitement resolution

excitement

A nurse is providing genetic counseling to a pregnant client. Which are nursing responsibilities related to counseling the client? Select all that apply. ensuring complete informed consent to facilitate decisions about genetic testing instructing the client on the appropriate decision to be taken knowing basic genetic terminology and inheritance patterns avoiding explanation of ethical or legal issues and concentrating on genetic issues explaining basic concepts of probability and disorder susceptibility

explaining basic concepts of probability and disorder susceptibility ensuring complete informed consent to facilitate decisions about genetic testing knowing basic genetic terminology and inheritance patterns

A nurse is monitoring a client with PROM who is in labor and observes meconium in the amniotic fluid. What does the observation of meconium indicate? fetal distress related to hypoxia cord compression central nervous system (CNS) involvement infection

fetal distress related to hypoxia

The nurse is conducting an annual examination on a young female who reports her last menses was 2 months ago. The client insists she is not pregnant due to a negative home pregnancy test. Which assessment should the nurse use to assess confirm the pregnancy? fetal heartbeat uterine size and shape changes positive urine human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) Chadwick sign

fetal heartbeat

During a follow-up visit to the prenatal clinic, a pregnant client asks the nurse about using a hot tub to help with her backache. The nurse recommends against the use based on the understanding that what can occur? urinary incontinence rebound maternal hypothermia membrane rupture fetal tachycardia

fetal tachycardia

The nurse who counsels clients who suffer from intimate partner violence (IPV) understands that IPV can come in which form(s) of abuse? Select all that apply. financial abuse emotional abuse physical abuse spiritual abuse sexual abuse

financial abuse emotional abuse physical abuse sexual abuse

A pregnant woman is diagnosed with placental abruption (abruptio placentae). When reviewing the woman's physical assessment in her medical record, which finding would the nurse expect? fetal heart rate within normal range absence of pain gradual onset of symptoms firm, rigid uterus on palpation

firm, rigid uterus on palpation

hormone is primarily responsible for the maturation of the ovarian follicle. luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone estrogen

follicle-stimulating

A nurse is conducting an in-service education program about the female reproductive cycle for a group of nurses working at a women's health clinic. When describing the phases of the endometrial cycle, the nurse would explain that the proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle corresponds to which phase in the ovarian cycle? menstrual ischemic follicular secretory

follicular

A mother brings her 10-year-old daughter to the clinic for a routine visit. The mother tells the nurse that she has noticed her daughter beginning to develop and asks the nurse about when her daughter may begin menstruating. The nurse understands that many factors are involved in determining the age at which menstruation begins. Which factor would the nurse include in the response as most important? genetics nutrition cultural practices weight

genetics

The mother of a 10-year-old female brings the girl to the clinic for a routine health visit. During the visit, the mother asks the nurse, "I'm wondering, can you tell me when my daughter might have her first period?" When responding to the mother, the nurse would integrate understanding of which factor as being most important in determining the age at which menstruation would occur? genetics attitude geographic location nutritional status

genetics

The nurse is creating an educational pamphlet for pregnant mothers. Which is the best description of fetal development for the nurse to emphasize? age in weeks and systems developed length, weight, sex gestational age, length, weight, and systems developed sex and systems developed

gestational age, length, weight, and systems developed

A pregnant client has been admitted with reports of brownish vaginal bleeding. On examination, there is an elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level, absent fetal heart sounds, and a discrepancy between the uterine size and the gestational age. The nurse interprets these findings to suggest which condition? gestational trophoblastic disease ectopic pregnancy placental abruption (abruption placentae) placenta previa

gestational trophoblastic disease

nduces the release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone to assist with ovulation luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone estrogen

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

A nurse is explaining to a client about monthly hormonal changes. Starting with day 1 of the menstrual cycle, place the hormones in the chronological order in which they elevate during the menstrual cycle. All options must be used. luteinizing hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone progesterone estrogen follicle-stimulating hormone

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnHR) estrogen follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH) progesterone

Which hormone is secreted from the hypothalamus in a pulsatile manner throughout the reproductive cycle? gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) estrogen follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH)

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a pregnant woman about the signs and symptoms to be reported immediately to her health care provider. Which signs and symptoms would the nurse include? Select all that apply. lower abdominal pain with shoulder pain in the first trimester nausea with vomiting during the first trimester headache with visual changes in the third trimester backache during the second trimester urinary frequency in the third trimester sudden leakage of fluid during the second trimester

headache with visual changes in the third trimester sudden leakage of fluid during the second trimester lower abdominal pain with shoulder pain in the first trimester

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on the structures vital to the development of the fetus. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly chooses which facts concerning amniotic fluid? helps the fetus regulate body temperature amniotic fluid is 90% water production stops in the 8th month produced by fetal brain

helps the fetus regulate body temperature

A client in her 20th week of gestation develops HELLP syndrome. What are features of HELLP syndrome? Select all that apply. leukocytosis elevated liver enzymes hemolysis hyperthermia low platelet count

hemolysis elevated liver enzymes low platelet count

The nurse, while teaching a group of pregnant women about the production of breast milk, describes colostrum and compares it with mature breast milk. Which characteristic would the nurse identify as associated with colostrum? low protein content low maternal antibody content high sugar content high mineral content

high mineral content

A woman at 8 weeks' gestation is admitted for ectopic pregnancy. She is asking why this has occurred. The nurse knows that which factor is a known risk factor for ectopic pregnancy? multiple gestation pregnancy high number of pregnancies use of oral contraceptives history of endometriosis

history of endometriosis

A client is desiring to start birth control and is questioning the nurse concerning the best options. Which option should the nurse point out is the most reliable? diaphragms oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) condoms hormonal implant

hormonal implant

After teaching a group of young adults about sexual violence, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which act(s) as a type of sexual violence? Select all that apply. human trafficking female genital mutilation bondage forced prostitution infanticide

human trafficking female genital mutilation bondage forced prostitution infanticide

A nurse is providing care to a client who has been diagnosed with a common benign form of gestational trophoblastic disease. The nurse identifies this as: ectopic pregnancy. hydramnios. hydatidiform mole. placenta accrete.

hydatidiform mole.

A clinic nurse explains to a client who is undergoing an infertility workup that the patency of her fallopian tubes will be checked. Which test is currently used to do this? computed tomography scan magnetic resonance imaging hysterosalpingography uterine biopsy

hysterosalpingography

A nurse is interviewing the family members of a pregnant client to obtain a genetic history. While asking questions, which information would be most important? avoidance of questions on race or ethnic background specific physical characteristics of family members if couples are related to each other or have blood ties socioeconomic status of the family members

if couples are related to each other or have blood ties

An anatomy professor is teaching a class of pre-nursing students about the female reproductive system. One student asks, "Where is the opening to the vagina?" The best answer the professor can give is: between where you pee and where you poop. by the Bartholin glands. in what is called the vestibule, which is located between the labia minora. between the labia majora and by the paraurethral glands.

in what is called the vestibule, which is located between the labia minora.

A nurse caring for a 43-year-old client explains to the client that ovarian functions gradually decrease around this age. What is the implication of decreased ovarian function? changes in sexual response increases the risk of heart disease inability to become pregnant susceptibility to fractures

inability to become pregnant

A client comes to the clinic for a medical termination of pregnancy. Which potential complications should the nurse point out are possible with this type of procedure? Select all that apply. prolonged bleeding infection incomplete abortion hypoglycemia pneumonia

incomplete abortion prolonged bleeding infection

A nurse is asked to teach a woman to take her basal body temperature daily to assess the time of ovulation. She can detect her day of ovulation, following ovulation, because her temperature will: increase a degree. no longer reflect basal body temperature. decrease a degree. fluctuate a degree daily.

increase a degree.

A pregnant client is reporting shortness of breath. To ensure there are no developing complications, a tidal volume is obtained. What type of results will the nurse expect? decrease between 30% and 40% increase up to 25% decrease up to 25% increase between 30% and 40%

increase between 30% and 40%

The nurse is providing contraception counseling to a perimenopausal woman who has had negative reactions to oral contraceptives (OCs) in the past and would like a long-term, nonhormone-based method that has a high rate of success. Neither she nor her husband wants to undergo surgery, however. Which method should the nurse recommend? subdermal progestin implant transdermal patch intrauterine device tubal ligation

intrauterine device

A nurse who has been caring for a pregnant client understands that the client has pica and has been regularly consuming soil. For which condition should the nurse monitor the client? inefficient protein metabolism constipation tooth fracture iron-deficiency anemia

iron-deficiency anemia

A client who is in her sixth week of gestation is being seen for a routine prenatal care visit. The client asks the nurse about changes in her eating habits that she should make during her pregnancy. The client informs the nurse that she is a vegetarian. The nurse knows that she has to monitor the client for which risks arising from her vegetarian diet? Select all that apply. epistaxis iron-deficiency anemia constipation low gestational weight gain decreased mineral absorption

iron-deficiency anemia decreased mineral absorption low gestational weight gain

The nurse is assessing a client who was a previous victim of rape. The nurse believes the client is in the integration and recovery phase following the rape. Which action will the nurse recommend to the client for continued recovery? returning to a normal daily routine joining a rape survivor group pressing formal charges against the abuser changing positions with current employer

joining a rape survivor group

Which measure would the nurse include in the plan of care for a woman with prelabor rupture of membranes if her fetus's lungs are mature? administration of corticosteroids labor induction observation for signs of infection reduction in physical activity level

labor induction

The nurse is reviewing the role of the mammary glands in the reproductive process with a birth class. What should the nurse tell the class is the name of the ducts in the mammary glands that form a small reservoir for milk? nipple areola lactiferous lobules

lactiferous

The nurse is preparing a pregnant client with severe hypertension for an emergent amniocentesis for possible early delivery of the fetus. The nurse will explain to the client that the health care provider is evaluating which parameter? maternal blood makeup fetal renal output level of fetal surfactants fetal alimentary output

level of fetal surfactants`

A 52-year-old client is seeking treatment for menopause. She is not very active and has a history of cardiac problems. Which therapy option should the nurse recognize as contraindicated for this client? selective estrogen receptor modulators bisphosphonates long-term hormone replacement therapy lipid-lowering agents

long-term hormone replacement therapy

What would be the physiologic basis for a placenta previa? a loose placental implantation low placental implantation a uterus with a midseptum a placenta with multiple lobes

low placental implantation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a pregnant client. The physical exam reveals that the placenta is implanted near the internal os but does not reach it. The nurse interprets this as which condition? placenta percreta placenta increta placenta accreta low-lying placenta

low-lying placenta

A nurse is conducting a routine well-check assessment on an 18-year-old female who is experiencing normal menstrual cycles. When the client questions the nurse concerning the menstrual process, the nurse can point out which hormone is primarily responsible for ovulation? follicle-stimulating hormone luteinizing hormone progesterone estrogen

luteinizing hormone

is required for the final maturation of preovulatory follicles and luteinization of the ruptured follicle luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone estrogen

luteinizing hormone

A nurse is providing teaching to a prenatal class on genetic testing. Which factor should the nurse include as placing a couple at a higher risk for having a child with a genetic disorder? Select all that apply. paternal obesity family history of genetic disorder maternal type 1 diabetes paternal thyroid disease maternal age of greater than 35 years

maternal age of greater than 35 years family history of genetic disorder

An 18-year-old pregnant woman asks the nurse why she has to have a routine alpha-fetoprotein serum level drawn. The nurse explains that this: measures the fetal liver function. may reveal chromosomal abnormalities. tests the ability of her heart to accommodate the pregnancy. is a screening test for placental function.

may reveal chromosomal abnormalities.

The client is interested in using an injectable contraceptive that works by suppressing pituitary secretions. The nurse provides the client with literature and discusses which contraceptive with her? levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol etonogestrel medroxyprogesterone acetate

medroxyprogesterone acetate

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a female client who reports that she started menstruating at age 11 years. The nurse would document this as: adrenarche, age 11. mensis, age 11. menarche, age 11. thelarche, age 11.

menarche, age 11.

A 47-year-old woman is being seen at the local clinic reporting irregular menstrual cycles. The nurse would explain to the client that the irregularity is most likely due to: an underlying endocrine problem. menopause. pregnancy. hormonal fluctuations.

menopause

Which forms the skeletal, urinary, circulatory and reproductive organs? endoderm ectoderm mesoderm

mesoderm

Which medication will the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe as treatment for an unruptured ectopic pregnancy? oxytocin promethazine ondansetron methotrexate

methotrexate

The __________________ contains an off-center, fluid filled space which contains the blastocyst and trophoblast

morula

A pregnant client diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum is prescribed intravenous fluids for rehydration. When preparing to administer this therapy, which solution would the nurse anticipate being prescribed initially? 0.45% sodium chloride normal saline albumin dextrose 5% and water

normal saline

As part of a high school health class, a nurse is teaching the group of students about the male and female reproductive systems. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group states that the prostate gland produces which substance? mucus for lubrication sperm nourishment for sperm testosterone

nourishment for sperm

The nurse is advising a pregnant woman during her first prenatal visit regarding the frequency of future visits. Which schedule is recommended for prenatal care? once every 3 weeks for the first 28 weeks, then every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until the birth once every 4 weeks for the first 36 weeks, then weekly until the birth once every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks, then every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until the birth once every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks, then every 3 weeks until 36 weeks, and then every 2 weeks until the birth

once every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks, then every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, and then weekly until the birth

A healthy 28-year-old female client who has a sedentary lifestyle and is a chain smoker is seeking information about contraception. The nurse informs this client of the various options available and the benefits and the risks of each. Which should the nurse recognize as contraindicated in the case of this client? the medroxyprogesterone injection implantable contraceptives oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) a copper intrauterine device

oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)

A young woman is newly married and is seeking advice on contraception. She is in a monogamous relationship and would like a temporary contraceptive, as she plans to have children in the future. Her husband dislikes the feel of condoms. Also, she mentions that she typically experiences dysmenorrhea and has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. Which method should the nurse recommend? postcoital douching diaphragm oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) vasectomy

oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)

The nurse is meeting with a 36-year-old client who wishes to begin using contraceptives. The client reports being in a long-term, monogamous relationship, runs 2 miles per day, and smokes a pack of cigarettes each day. Which method will the nurse be least likely to suggest to the client? condoms oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) spermicides coitus interruptus

oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)

A nurse is teaching a client about the reproductive system and the hormones involved. The nurse would include which structures as the source of these hormones? Select all that apply. placenta ovaries hypothalamus uterus pituitary

ovaries hypothalamus pituitary

A woman has just been prescribed clomiphene citrate to stimulate ovulation. Which possible effect should the nurse warn the woman about? overstimulation of the ovary resulting in potential multiple births hypertension elevation of her blood glucose level extensive bleeding during menstruation

overstimulation of the ovary resulting in potential multiple births

A clinic nurse is interviewing a young client during a subfertility work up. When the client asks the nurse what causes infertility, the nurse informs the client that the problem can rest with the man, the woman, or both. What does the nurse tell the client are common problem areas related to the woman? Select all that apply. diabetes ovulation lack of exercise impaired implantation tubal transport

ovulation tubal transport impaired implantation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a woman who has given birth vaginally. The record reveals that the client required a right mediolateral episiotomy during birth. When assessing the client, the nurse would inspect which area to evaluate the status of the episiotomy? vestibule labia clitoris perineum

perineum

The nurse is preparing to teach a community class to a group of first-time parents. Which information should the nurse include concerning what the pregnant woman's partner may experience as a normal response? physical symptoms similar to the mother no changes, only the mother has changes during pregnancy desire to be the woman and give birth feeling distanced from the mother

physical symptoms similar to the mother

A nurse is providing care to a woman who has just found out that she is pregnant. The nurse is describing the events that have occurred and the structures that are forming. When describing the trophoblast to the client, the nurse would explain that this structure forms: fetal membrane. placenta. morula. zygote.

placenta.

A nurse is providing care to a woman who has just found out that she is pregnant. The nurse is describing the events that have occurred and the structures that are forming. When describing the trophoblast to the client, the nurse would explain that this structure forms: morula. zygote. placenta. fetal membrane.

placenta.

When a pregnant client is victim of intimate partner violence during pregnancy, what complication is likely to occur after birth due to the abuse? edema low birth weight schizophrenia postpartum depression

postpartum depression

A young woman with scoliosis has just learned that she is pregnant. Several years ago, she had stainless-steel rods surgically implanted on both sides of her vertebrae to strengthen and straighten her spine. However, her pelvis is unaffected by the condition. What does the nurse anticipate in this woman's pregnancy? increased risk of fetal trauma cesarean birth potential for greater than usual back pain increased risk of miscarriage

potential for greater than usual back pain

During the initial prenatal visit, the nurse performs what assessment to guide teaching about nutrition during pregnancy? prepregnancy BMI current weight height and bone structure hemoglobin level

prepregnancy BMI

The nurse is answering questions from a newborn's parents concerning a circumcision. Which structure will the nurse point out is removed during the procedure? rugae prepuce tunica albuginea corpus spongiosum

prepuce

A client's menstrual period is two weeks late. She has been feeling tired and has had episodes of nausea in the morning. What classification of pregnancy symptoms is this client experiencing? no classification probable presumptive positive

presumptive

A woman at 35 weeks' gestation with severe polyhydramnios is admitted to the hospital. The nurse recognizes that which concern is greatest regarding this client? development of gestational trophoblastic disease hemorrhaging preterm rupture of membranes followed by preterm birth development of eclampsia

preterm rupture of membranes followed by preterm birth

A 24-year-old client presents in labor. The nurse notes there is an order to administer Rho(D) immune globulin after the birth of her infant. When asked by the client the reason for this injection, which reason should the nurse point out? stimulate maternal D immune antigens. prevent fetal Rh blood formation. promote maternal D antibody formation. prevent maternal D antibody formation.

prevent maternal D antibody formation.

The nurse who has experience in caring for victims of intimate partner violence knows that goals for a victim may fall into which categories? Select all that apply. primary prevention secondary prevention tertiary prevention none of the above

primary prevention secondary prevention tertiary prevention

When caring for victim of intimate partner violence, the nurse uses the ABCDES framework to provide interventions. Which components are part of this framework? Select all that apply. expression of the belief that there may be a reason for the violence maintenance of confidentiality of the information reported plan of action and resources for safety for when the victim decides to leave reassurance that the victim is not alone in this situation clear documentation of the nurse's perception of the abuse education about the cycle of violence and its escalation

reassurance that the victim is not alone in this situation reassurance that the victim is not alone in this situation education about the cycle of violence and its escalation plan of action and resources for safety for when the victim decides to leave NOT ALONE BELIEF CONFIDENTIAL DOCUMENTING EDUCATING ESCALATION

The following hourly assessments are obtained by the nurse on a client with preeclampsia receiving magnesium sulfate: 97.3oF (36.2oC), HR 88, RR 12 breaths/min, BP 148/110 mm Hg. What other priority physical assessments by the nurse should be implemented to assess for potential toxicity? magnesium sulfate level oxygen saturation reflexes lung sounds

reflexes

A woman in the third trimester of her first pregnancy expresses fear about the birth canal being wide enough for her to push the baby through it during labor. She is a petite person, and the baby seems so large. She asks the nurse how this will be possible. To help alleviate the client's fears, the nurse should mention the role of the hormone that softens the cervix and collagen in the joints, which allows dilation (dilatation) and enlargement of the birth canal. What is this hormone? estrogen relaxin human placental lactogen progesterone

relaxin

A client at 37 weeks' gestation presents to the emergency department with a BP 150/108 mm Hg, 1+ pedal edema, 1+ proteinuria, and normal deep tendon reflexes. Which assessment should the nurse prioritize as the client is administered magnesium sulfate IV? ability to sleep urine protein respiratory rate hemoglobin

respiratory rate

The placenta is the site where antibodies in the mother's blood pass into the fetal circulation. These antibodies give passive immunity to the fetus for several common childhood diseases. There are some infections for which the mother does not provide antibodies to the fetus. What infection is the fetus not protected from? diphtheria rubeola rubella smallpox

rubella

A couple in their mid-30s are at their primary care provider's office because they have been unable to conceive for 3 years. They already have one child who is 4 years of age. The care provider explains to them that they are dealing with what kind of infertility? primary infertility There is no name for different kinds of infertility. tertiary infertility secondary infertility

secondary infertility

After teaching a class on the female reproductive system, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which action as the primary function of the ovaries? implanting a fertilized ovum secreting estrogen and progesterone carrying the ovum to the endometrium secreting mucus that supplies lubrication for intercourse

secreting estrogen and progesterone

A couple comes to the clinic and states to the nurse, "I don't think we are ever going to be able to have children. We have been trying but have had no luck." What assessments does the nurse anticipate will be performed for this couple? Select all that apply. tubal patency semen analysis ovulation monitoring fertility drugs in vitro fertilization counseling

semen analysis ovulation monitoring tubal patency

A couple who is in for fertility testing ask the nurse what tests are commonly performed to assess fertility. The nurse replies that there are only three primary tests that are used. What are these tests? semen analysis, ovulation monitoring, and tubal patency assessment semen analysis, urinalysis, and ovulation monitoring pelvic sonogram, ovulation monitoring, and semen analysis serologic test for syphilis, semen analysis, and tubal patency assessment

semen analysis, ovulation monitoring, and tubal patency assessment

A woman has been assessing her basal body temperature for 4 months. Upon reviewing her temperature history log, the nurse notes no change in her daily temperatures. Which should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe first? vaginal discharge culture clomiphene serum progesterone level endometrial biopsy

serum progesterone level

Girls with Turner syndrome will usually exhibit: short stature. chorea-like movements. painful joints. progressive dementia.

short stature.

Which genetic condition is caused by a small gene mutation that affects protein structure, producing hemoglobin S? Tay-Sachs disease hemophilia sickle cell anemia Marfan syndrome

sickle cell anemia

A nurse is conducting a presentation at a community health center about congenital malformations. The nurse describes that some common congenital malformations can occur and are recognized to be caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Which example would the nurse most likely cite? color blindness spina bifida cystic fibrosis hemophilia

spina bifida

A nurse is conducting a presentation at a community health center about congenital malformations. The nurse describes that some common congenital malformations can occur and are recognized to be caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Which example would the nurse most likely cite? hemophilia color blindness cystic fibrosis spina bifida

spina bifida

A 44-year-old client has lost several pregnancies over the last 10 years. For the past 3 months, she has had fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. She visits the clinic and takes a pregnancy test; the results are positive. Physical examination confirms a uterus enlarged to 13 weeks' gestation; fetal heart tones are heard. Ultrasound reveals that the client is experiencing some bleeding. Considering the client's prenatal history and age, what does the nurse recognize as the greatest risk for the client at this time? preterm labor premature birth spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) hypertension

spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)

The estrogen content in the contraceptive pill performs which action? decreases the permeability of cervical mucus increases the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) suppresses follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) interferes with endometrial proliferation

suppresses follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

The school nurse is teaching a health education class on the male reproductive system. The nurse determines the class is successful when the students correctly point out which structure produces sperm? prostate gland testes scrotum seminal vesicles

testes

A nurse is conducting a health class about the reproductive system for a group of high school students. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which structure(s) as internal male reproductive organs? Select all that apply. vas deferens testes scrotum penis Cowper's glands

testes Cowper's glands vas deferens

Genetic testing has revealed that a couple's unborn child shows the possibility of mosaicism. When counseling this couple, the nurse explains this means that: this genetic trait generally occurs when both parents have the recessive trait in their DNA and pass it to their offspring. the genetic abnormality occurred after fertilization and during the mitotic cell division. this genetic trait is generally passed from the mother to the child. this genetic abnormality is a recessive trait that is familial.

the genetic abnormality occurred after fertilization and during the mitotic cell division.

During a clinical rotation at a prenatal clinic, a client asks a nurse what causes certain birth defects. The nurse replies that they can be caused by teratogens. What does the severity of the defects depend on? Select all that apply. the particular teratogen to which the fetus is exposed the food preferences of the father the age of the father when during development the conceptus is exposed to the teratogen the age of any siblings

the particular teratogen to which the fetus is exposed when during development the conceptus is exposed to the teratogen

A nurse is helping a couple choose a contraception method that is right for them. Which is the least likely factor the nurse should consider? ability to use a method correctly financial factors whether the method will affect sexual enjoyment the popularity of the method among the couple's friends

the popularity of the method among the couple's friends

Implantation generally occurs at which place on the uterus? directly over the cervical os the lower anterior surface directly over an opening to a fallopian tube the upper posterior surface

the upper posterior surface

In preparing for a preconception class, the nurse plans to include a discussion of potential risk factors. Which risk factor would be most important to include? the importance of healthy lifestyle importance of taking adequate vitamin and mineral supplements the use of OTC drugs with teratogens family history of pregnancy complications

the use of OTC drugs with teratogens

A school nurse is talking to an adolescent who asks about why she has monthly menstrual cycles. The best explanation that the nurse can offer regarding the menstrual phase is to tell her that: each month, her uterine lining thins out and vessels close to the surface begin to fill with blood. her uterus fills up with blood each month and is passed during the menstrual cycle. her hormones cause her to accumulate blood in the uterus from ovulation. the uterine lining is being shed due to lowering of hormone levels.

the uterine lining is being shed due to lowering of hormone levels.

A male client asks the nurse to explain which structure is cut during a vasectomy. What response should the nurse give the client? the epididymis the scrotum the ejaculatory ducts the vas deferens

the vas deferens

A couple has chosen fertility awareness as their method of contraception. The nurse explains that the unsafe period for them during the menstrual cycle would be at which time? three days before and three days after ovulation five days after the first day of the menstrual cycle midway between the normal menstrual cycle six days before the onset of menstruation

three days before and three days after ovulation

The nurse is assessing a pregnant woman on a routine prenatal visit. Which breast assessment finding will the nurse document as a normal and expected finding? tingling sensations and tenderness hypopigmentation of the areola and nipples expression of colostrum in the first trimester disappearance of superficial veins

tingling sensations and tenderness

A young woman says she needs a temporary contraceptive but has a latex allergy. She mentions that she has had a papillomavirus infection. Also, she says she is terrible about remembering to take pills. Which method should the nurse recommend? sterilization diaphragm cervical cap transdermal contraception

transdermal contraception

The outer layer of cells around the blastocyst cavity that develops into the empbryonic membranes, the chorion and helps form the placenta.

trophoblast

The nurse is reinforcing health care provider education on the technique for an amniocentesis. Which piece of equipment will the nurse have ready? Foley catheter sterile urine cup ultrasound equipment sterile field with scalpel

ultrasound equipment

The nurse is assessing a primigravida woman at a routine prenatal visit. Which assessment finding is reinforcing to the client that she is definitely pregnant? uterine growth positive hCG blood result continued amenorrhea ultrasound picture of her fetus

ultrasound picture of her fetus

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client admitted with mild preeclampsia. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize? proteinuria of 200 mg/24 hours 1+ ankle edema mild hand edema urine output of less than 15 ml/hr

urine output of less than 15 ml/hr

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client in her second trimester of pregnancy. The nurse educates the client to look for which danger sign of pregnancy needing immediate attention by the primary care provider? severe, persistent vomiting lower abdominal and shoulder pain painful urination vaginal bleeding

vaginal bleeding

The nurse is creating a diagram that illustrates the components of the male reproductive system. Which structure would the nurse include as a major structure to help ensure fertilization of the ovum? Cowper glands seminal vesicles prostate gland vas deferens

vas deferens

A group of student nurses are comparing the various events which take place during the sexual arousal of both males and females. The students are able to correctly point out which event is one of the underlying physiologic responses after the session? myospasm climacteric vasocongestion ovulation

vasocongestion

A client in her 39th week of gestation reports swelling in the legs after standing for long periods of time. The nurse recognizes that this factor increases the client's risk for which condition? embolism hemorrhoids venous thrombosis supine hypotension syndrome

venous thrombosis