OB/gyn 1
At what gestational age do the fetal kidneys begin to produce urine
12
The fetal femur length can be measured as early as
12wks
Ovulation normally occurs on which day of the menstrual cycle
14
If a normal cranium is not identified on a fetal Ultrasound by________weeks gestational age, cranial defects should be suspected
15
The secretory phase occurs during days_____in the menstrual cycle
15 to 28
Chromosomal defect's may be present in a pregnancy where the amnion chorion have not completely fused by______gestational age
16 weeks
A Esophageal atresia is significant indication for which of the trisomies
18
Which of the following trisomies has a significant association with Choriod plexus cysts
18
Which trisomy is commonly associated with radial Ray anomalies
18
Which trisomy is most commonly associated with strawberry shaped fetal skull
18
The main sac diameter in a normal IUP will demonstrate____increase in size per day until the 10th we could gestation
1mm
During a standard 30 minute BPP, what is the minimal amount of fetal breathing that must be observed in order to assign two points to the BPP score
30 sec
The normal fetal bladder should empty and refill every
30 to 45 minutes
Which type of transducer would be used for a trans abdominal evaluation of the uterus and ovaries and a patient with a height 5'3 and weight 275
3MHZ curvilinear array
What do you have the fetal heart is preferred to evaluate a possible muscular VSD
4 chamber view
A fetus with male genitalia and ovaries would be described as
46 X X intersex
Which of the following sets of measurements would correspond with a NUlliparous premenopausal uterus
7 x 5 x 4 cm
If a patient's LMP was November 1, 2018. What is the EDD When neageles rule is applied
8/8/19
Organogenesis of a fetus is normally complete by_______gestation
8wks
If the stomach and heart are visible on the same transverse view:
A diaphragmatic hernia is present
Spina bifida is demonstrated using
A transverse image of the vertebrae
All the following are slammed a fetal hydrops except
Allantoic cyst
Which of the following is not a potential complication of sonohysterography
Allergy to contrast media
The fetal structures within an omphalocele are protected by membrane composed of
Amnion and peritoneum
The most common location of an ectopic pregnancy is
Ampulla
The most common cause of pelvic congestion is
An incomplete left ovarian vein
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the performance of OBGYN ultrasound exam
An increase of 2°C or more in the worm can have adverse effects on the pregnancy
At what gestational age does the CRL become invalid for fetal dating
At the 12 week
The uterine artery is best evaluated by PW Doppler
At the level of the cervix
Which of the following best describes the proper measurement of the fetal abdominal circumference
Axial view of the fetal abdomen at the level of the portal vein and stomach used to measure the distance around the fetal waist
Which of the following techniques can be used to enhance the 2-D image of the fetal kidneys by accentuating certain shades in the image to assist in detecting subtle differences
B color
If fertilization occurs,_____will stop the regression of the corpus luteum cyst so that it can produce progesterone to stimulate the decidual reaction
BHCG
the cephalic index is calculated by
BPD/ofd
All of the following correctly describes intracranial hemorrhage in a fetus, except
Blood first appears as a hypoechoic fluid collection
Which type of fetal tissue is that the greatest risk of temperature increase due to Ultrasound exposure
Bone
All of the following are true related to serum levels of CA 125, except
CA 125 is a tumor marker that is elevated only when ovarian carcinoma is present
Which of the following sonographic techniques used to assess fetal age an estimated date of confinement is the most accurate
CRL
The umbilical vein
Carries oxygenated blood
A patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to a history in the bath he insist. Where will you scan to evaluate this abnormality
Cervix
What is the most common cause for pelvic inflammatory disease
Chlamydia
I want the following describe the sonographic appearance of agenesis of the corpus callosum except
Collecting of the cerebral hemisphere's
Which type of breech presentation is defined as the fetus presenting but first and sitting cross legged with knees bent
Complete
Which of the following imaging planes will best display the fetal diaphragm
Coronal
While scanning and asymptomatic patient with a 10 week gestation, you identify a complex cyst in the right ovary. What does this most likely represent
Corpus luteum cyst
On the following can cause an echogenic endometrium except
Cyst formation
Which of the following ovarian tumors contains both epithelial and stromal components
Cystadenofibroma
All the following are part of a CHAOS syndrome except
Cystic changes in the lung tissue
The AutoZone will recessive genetic disorder that is associated with meconium ileus and feel bowel obstruction is
Cystic fibrosis
A rokitansky nodule is commonly identified with what type of pelvic mass
Cystic teratoma
When evaluating a patient with suspected ovarian torsion, which of the following system adjustment should be made
Decrease color Doppler velocity scale
What can be done to improve the visualization of the fetal spine when the baby is face up in the uterus
Decrease transducer frequency
While scanning a transvaginal exam, you increase the sector size to visualize an ovary that is high in the adnexa. How does this affect temporal resolution
Degrades
A sagittal image of the uterus allows measurement of which uterine dimensions
Depth and length
A 60-year-old patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to a history of intermittent pelvic pain. The exam is normal except for the appearance of multiple small echogenic focus within the myometrium. Which of the following is the most common cause for these findings in a post menopausal female
Diabetes
The "twin peak" is associated with what type of pregnancy
Diamniotic/dichorionic
Which of the following is associated with an inevitable abortion but is not present with a threatened abortion
Dilated cervix
All of the following or signs of embryonic demise , except
Double bleb sign
Which of the following terms describes the vessel that bypasses the fetal liver in fetal circulation
Ductus venosus
Which of the following terms refers to pain associated with sexual intercourse
Dyspareunia
The best time to visualize a polyp is in the______phase of the menstrual cycle when the endometrium is at it's thinnest
Early proliferative
You are performing a follow up exam for a limited fetal anatomy of the last ultrasound with non-visualization of the stomach and kidneys at 15 weeks. The fetus should be 21 weeks today. On today's exam, you identify a single normal kidney but the stomach is barely visible and very small. Borderline polyhydramnios is also present. The head measures three standard deviation's lower than the abd and femoral measurements. Rocker bottom feet are also present. The fetus most likely has______syndrome
Edwards
Spotting between cycles and infertility are common symptoms related to
Endometrial polyp
Ring down artifact can be seen with
Endometritis
Which hormone causes the endometrium to thicken during the proliferative phase
Estrogen
Which of the following is responsible for stimulating the contraction of the fallopian tubes to propel the egg toward the uterine cavity
Estrogen
Which of the following hormone levels are monitored in the patient's blood during ovarian stimulation for follicle production
Estrogen and estradiol
While performing a pelvic ultrasound, you identify uterine didelphys. When you complete the pelvic protocol, what should you do before you let the patiently
Evaluate the kidneys for associated abnormalities
If a PUBS procedure is performed and erythroblastosis fetalis is identified in a fetus, what is the most likely next step in the patient's care
Fetal blood transfusion
Which of the following findings is not associated with the toxoplasmosis infection
Fetal weight over 4000 g
The most common solid pelvic mass seen with pregnancy
Fibroid
Perihepatic adhesions and peritonitis are seen with
Fitz-hugh-Curtis syndrome
The sonographic appearance of hydranencephaly
Fluid filled sacs of cerebrospinal fluid in cranial cavity, varying amounts of tissue may remain as atrophy and necrosis occurs
An endometrial polyp would be described as
Focal hypertrophy of endometrium
The ovary is normally found in the
Fossa of waldeyer
Which of the following describes the best way to measure the femur length
From the window where the femur is closest to the face of the probe and when the ultrasound beam is perpendicular to the length of the femur
Which of the following is least likely to be associated with preterm labor
Fundal placenta
My patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to a palpable, pliable, rounded, mobile mass in the vaginal canal. What will be the most likely findings on the exam
Gartner cyst
All of the following are caused a failure of neurulation during fetal development, except
Gastroschisis
An abd wall abnormality that occurs with abdominal contents herniating through the abdominal layers outside the fetus is called
Gastroschisis
What anomaly of the fetal digestive system has been associated with maternal use of aspirin during pregnancy
Gastroschisis
In a normal pregnancy, the personal thickness should be relatively equal to
Gestational age in weeks +10mm
All of the following are possible postpartum complications except
Gestational diabetes
Which of the following types of maternal diabetes are associated with a risk of macrosomia in the fade
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Which of the following is a sonographic son of an abnormal eight week intrauterine pregnancy
Gestational sac located in the lower uterine segment
Virilization is associated with all of the following except
Granular cell tumor
Which of the following best describes the Doppler waveforms obtained from the uterine artery of a nulligravida uterus
High resistance, high velocity
Craniosynostosis is associated with all the following except
Holt oram syndrome
Which of the following describes the PW Doppler tracing obtained from the tissues surrounding the dominant follicle
How velocity, low resistance
A 26-year-old patient presents with a positive pregnancy test and an approx age of seven weeks and three days from her LMP. Beta hCG levels are significantly higher than A seven week gestation. The exam shows a large heterogeneous solid mass measuring 6x 4x 3 cm within the endometrial cavity. The uterus measures 10x 6x 5cm. What is most likely the explanation for the Sonographic findings?
Hydatidiform mole
What skeletal dysplasia is associated with low levels of alkaline phosphatase in the fetal tissue samples obtained by CVS
Hypophosphatasia
All of the following have an increased risk for postpartum hemorrhage Except
IUGR
Which of the following is a sign of maternal HTN on the fetal ultrasound exam
IUGR
All of the following statements correctly describe trisomy 21, except
In most patients with trisomy 21, a duplicated duodenum is commonly identified as the double bubble sign
As the pregnancy advances, the sonographic appearance of the fetal lungs will
Increase in echogenicity
Assymetric IUGR
Involves shunting of arterial blood flow from the abdomen to the brain
The cephalic index
Is used to predict the shape of the head
When evaluating a patient with a large fibroid uterus, what organs should be evaluated for potential complications due to the uterine size
Kidneys for Hydronephrosis
Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome is associated with all the following except
Krukenburg tumor
Well evaluating the vaginal cuff in a transverse plane, you notice a flat muscle extending laterally on both sides of the cuff. What muscle is this
Levantor ani
Which of the following types of placenta previa is defined as placement of the percenta tip within 2 cm of crossing the internal os
Low lying placenta
The left ovarian vein emptied into
Lt renal vein
Which of the following type of twin gestation will have the highest risk for conjoined twins
MO/MO
Of the following are an important part of the exam protocol for evaluating a fetus with potential IUGR, except
Measurement of the length of the nasal bone
Multiple exhogenic foci located in the fetal liver, bowel and peritoneum accompanied by polyhydramnios and fetal ascites most likely indicates
Meconium peritonitis
Which of the following is the most likely symptom of endometriosis
Menorrhagia
If you set the gain to the lowest level and slowly increase it until an echo was identified on the image, what are you evaluating on the Ultrasound system
Minimum sensitivity
The incorrect placement and a copy of a structure in an abnormal location on the ultrasound image is called
Mirror image
At the end of my second trimester fatal scan you notice the overall game with it to the maximum level during the exam. Which of the following statements is true
None of the above
In order to calculate the corrected BPD, you must measure the BPD and
OFD
Chiari II Malformation is strongly associated with which of the following
Open spina bifida
Patient presents with RLQ pain increasing over the last few months. The pelvic ultrasound demonstrates an abnormal ovary that contains a 3 cm echogenic mass. The poster borders of the mass are difficult to assess due to the presence of dirty shadowing. Which of the following are most likely
Ovarian teratoma
The whirlpool sign is associated with
Ovarian torsion
Which of the following would demonstrate a high resistance Doppler waveform
Partial ovarian torsion
All of the following patient populations have an increased risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy or a heterotopic pregnancy except
Patient is currently taking methotrexate
Which of the following Doppler information is necessary to calculate the pulsatility index
Peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity
A patient presents with a 33 week gestation with recent onset of intermittent light bleeding that is bright red. She does not have any associated pain or cramping. What is the most likely finding US exam
Placenta previa
The transvaginal assessment of the cervical length is used to assess the risk for
Preterm labor
If arhinia is present, the feeder should be evaluated for which of the following commonly associated anomalies
Proboscis
The most common cause of death in lethal skeletal dysplasia
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Which arteries course through the myometrium
Radial arteries
All of the following are true regarding a twin to twin transfusion except
Recipient twin growth restricted, appear stuck to a wall due to oligohydramnios
The uterus is anterior to the
Rectum
Which of the following muscles is located in the greater pelvis
Rectus abdominis
You are performing a PW Doppler evaluation of the umbilical artery and the Venus flow signal is also demonstrating on the tracing. What system adjustment can be made to remove the Venus signal while maintaining the proper arterial signal on the tracing
Reduce the sample size
A uterine body/fundus that is tilted posteriorly with a sharp angle to the cervix is described by which of the following terms
Retroflexed
A patient presents for a BPP and states that they have a history of supine hypotension. What should you do differently on their exam
Scan the patient and A decubitus position
Fetal cardiac activity can be first visualized with transvaginal sonography at approximately what gestational age
Six weeks
Which pelvic space is located anterior to the bladder and called the retropubic space
Space of retzius
Which of the following will lead to an increase in levels of acetylcholinesterase or ACHE in the sample of amniotic fluid
Spina bifida
Which of the following is not true regarding cystic hygroma
Strong association with trisomy 18
Which pedal abnormality is commonly seen with spina bifida
Talipes equinovarus
Which of the following is the most common type of a lethal fetal skeletal dysplasia
Thanatophoric skeletal dysplasia
Primary amenorrhea refers to
The absence of Menarche after age15 years
For 65-year-old post menopausal female presents with a recent history of spotting. She does take a regimen of tamoxifen from a previous diagnosis of breast cancer but no other medications are used. Which of the following statements is true regarding the ultrasound findings
The endometrium is thickened and heterogeneous which can be normal on a patient using tamoxifen
Dwarfism occurs when
The limbs are abnormally shortened with a relatively normal HC and AC
How can you differentiate and ureterocele from obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction of the kidney
The ureter will be dilated with a ureterocele, but not with a UPJ obstruction
A patient presents for a pelvic ultrasound due to right lower quadrant pain. You identify a solid ovarian mass with mild posterior shadowing and fluid in the posterior cul-de-sac and in Morrison's pouch. The patient chart has a recent chest x-ray report that indicates a mild pleural effusion on the right side. Recent lab results indicate normal white blood cell count the elevated estrogen levels. What type of tumor is most likely seen on the exam.
Thecoma
And autosomal dominant disorder will occur
There is one defective gene present in the pair
Placental abruption is most common cause of significant________bleeding
Third trimester
The L/S ratio is used
To evaluate fetal lung maturity
A patient presents for an anatomy scan of 20 week gestation. She has a history of a prior pregnancy with a genesis of corpus callosum. What is the best way to evaluate this fetus for this abnormality
Transverse axial view of the fetal head with the beam perpendicular to the parietal bones
You are evaluating a heart on a 28 week fetus. A single large trunk vessel exit heart and the pulmonary artery appears to branch from it instead of the right ventricle.these findings describe
Truncus arteriosus
Which of the following is caused by an arteriovenous malformation in the placenta
Twin to twin transfusion
When attempting to assess interval fetal growth, the follow up exam should be performed an interval of _________
Two weeks or more
Renal agenesis is the least likely to be associated with which of these findings
Urinary bladder that fills and empties every 30 to 45 minutes
In most cases, Unilateral renal agenesis
Will demonstrate a normal AFI and Fetal bladder
Grand multiparity is defined as
Woman who has already delivered five or more infants who have achieved A gestational age of 24 weeks or more
If the cranium is not identified and a 16 week fetus,____ should be suspected
acrania
