OBHR 330 Exam II

Yina, Shakita, and Iris work in different teams at First Note Acoustics. Yina's team ensures that all the raw materials, machinery, tools, and other production equipment are available to employees around the clock. Any procurement needs must be addressed to Yina, who also takes part in high-level decisions regarding the number of units to be produced and exported. Shakita works as part of a team of nine members who concentrate on daily production; they also ensure that quality checks are done and inspect each other's work. Iris is the operations manager, who works for three hours in the production department and spends the rest of her time assisting management as an internal consultant on manufacturing issues. Her input is crucial in improving the production process. Shakita is part of a(n) _________team

A. work

How do teams differ from groups?

D. Members of teams interact with a specific task-related purpose in mind, whereas group members do not

The company where Blaise, Ari, and Jabulani work has an opening for a manager, and all three of them apply. However, Blaise, who has been with the company the longestand has a business degree, received glowing recommendations from other managers and gets the job. Although Ari and Jabulani are disappointed, they most likely agree that the company's decision reflects a high level of

D. justice

Which of the following is defined as a psychological response to demands for which there is something at stake and for when coping with those demands taxes or exceeds a person's capacity or resources?

D. stress

Which of the following best exemplifies a benign job demand?

E. Aaron works as a crane operator for a grocery store chain, and although it can be a challenge to load all pallets onto trucks each night, he takes satisfaction in meeting the morning deadline

What does the type of team process training known as action learning do?

E. give the team the opportunity to work on an actual problem within the organization

Schmidt Sporting Gear, a large athletics store, pays its employees a base salary, as well as up to a 12 percent bonus based on individual performance and up to a 5 percent bonus based on team performance. Schmidt uses a reward structure with

E. hybrid outcome interdependence

Tristan's supervisor, Kim, agrees with her employees that an unfair work schedule has been instituted by the department manager. No one is happy. Kim assures the employees that she will discuss the issue with the department manager as soon as possible. However, every time Kim has an opportunity to raise those concerns with the manager, Kim always backs down and does not mention the unfair scheduling. It is likely the employees will begin to lose faith in the supervisor's

a. integrity

Abby's boss, Francisco, has an unruly temper and has been known to chew outsubordinates for even minor infractions. No one is safe, and employees are nervous and unhappy. Francisco's behavior is changing the workplace, and not for the better. Given what you know about trust, what is Abby most likely experiencing?

b. Abby is losing her ability to concentrate as she steels herself for another one of Francisco's outbursts

Mavis and Cordaro lost their jobs when a recession hit and their company had to layoff many of its employees. However, a few workers in their department with less seniority kept their jobs. When Mavis and Cordaro confronted their supervisor about this, the supervisor seemed uncomfortable and offered only vague answers. Given what you know about justice in organizations, why do you think their supervisor might have behaved this way?

b. Many managers find sharing bad news to be stressful, leading them to distance themselves rather than to explain decisions

Laraine's team leaders challenged members to come up with a marketing campaign for the new phone they were introducing. Laraine, who studied marketing and public relations in college, reviewed numerous articles, studied the new phone thoroughly, and came up with a campaign that received good reviews from her team leaders. Her success in creating a good campaign for the new phone completely on her own reflects her

b. ability

Learning has a _________ effect on commitment

b. moderate positive effect on performance and a weak positive

People with a performance-avoid orientation focus on demonstrating theircompetence so that

b. others will not think poorly of them

While fulfilling the ethical component of corporate social responsibility, an organization does what is right, just, and fair. This suggests that the organization has reached the _________ level of moral development

b. principled

In 1989, Jeffrey Wigand was a scientist working for the tobacco company Brown andWilliamson. When he discovered that the company was adding carcinogenic substances to increase the impact of its tobacco, he was fired from his job. In 1996, he went on the TV news show 60 Minutes to reveal this information to the public. His allegations resulted in many state lawsuits that ultimately won $368 billion in settlements against the company, along with greater scrutiny of the tobacco industry. This scenario reflects Wigand's

b. whistleblowing

When Julia began her new job in a small office, she came in early every day to start the coffee and tidy up the counter they used as a kitchen. Initially, the others made small comments such as, "Someone cleaned up the counter. It looks good!" Those comments eventually stopped, but everyone continued to drink the coffee. After a few months, Julia stopped coming in early to get the coffee started. This is an example of

c. extinction

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller.Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hired Sven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job.In this scenario, Sven is encountering stress resulting from

c. role ambiguity

Interpersonal justice is fostered when authorities adhere to which two particular rules?

c. the respect rule and the propriety rule

Which of the following is not an element in cognition-based trust?

c. trust propensity

The managers at Telstar, a public relations firm, have noticed that the employees are not team players and are primarily focused on achieving individual goals. Management wants to change this attitude and works to create a reward system in which all group members would receive exactly the same outcome, regardless of their individual productivity levels, to promote their ability to work effectively in groups. Which of the following allocation norms would you recommend for this purpose?

d. equity norm

Beverly is the night manager at a motel near an interstate highway. In the early hours of the morning, a tour bus breaks down nearby, and she is inundated with more than 50 unexpected guests. Rather than go into panic mode, however, she marshals the help of one other person on duty and speeds the tour group through check-in, placing them all in rooms in less than an hour's time. Although it took some effort, the whole process went relatively smoothly for Beverly because she has checked in countless guests over the years. Handling the unexpected influx of guests involved a series of _________ decisions for her

d. programmed

Escalation of commitment describes which of the following situations?

d. when a person decides to continue to follow a failing course of action

Scarlett led a team of gatherers who traveled from forest to forest collecting edible mushrooms. Team members repeatedly loaded their backpacks with mushrooms and poured the mushrooms into containers in the back of a van. At the end of the week, Scarlett took the van to a buyer and received payment for the total number of pounds of mushrooms and redistributed the money to team members. This arrangement is a form of _________ interdependence

pooled

Which of the following is an example of a function of an action team?

A. Marko and Aleks lead the clean-up effort when their company's warehouse is hit by a tornado

Which of the following statements concerning stress is not true?

A. Different people experience the same levels of stress when confronted with the exact same situation.

Alejandro hires Leona as a new sales coordinator at Rainproof Outdoor Gear after the previous coordinator quit unexpectedly. After Leona completes orientation, Alejandro needs her to quickly plan an upcoming sales meeting for all of the company's field sales representatives, who will be gathering at the office in a week to go over the new Page 4 of 15 product line. When he asks if she needs help, Leona smiles and says, "Nope! I've got it all under control." However, Alejandro can tell she is struggling to get things right. Based on what you know about the different types of work hindrance stressors, what should Alejandro do to help lessen Leona's stressors?

A. Explain to Leona the basic requirements for the meetings and provide her with the expected times and locations needed for each group presentation

Which of the following types of teams generally requires a full-time commitment from team members?

A. a work team

Ajani works as a sales assistant for an office furniture dealer. His daily job duties include data entry, sending invoices, and scheduling appointments for sales representatives. This suite of tasks, when they are not overly taxing or exceeding his capacity, are called

A. benign job demands

According to the value in diversity problem-solving approach

A. diversity in teams is beneficial because it provides for a larger pool of knowledge from whicha team can draw as it carries out its work

Hector works as an office assistant for a small, five-person software development start-up. Because it is a relatively new company without extensive resources, Hector is constantly having to deal with a lack of supplies and faulty office equipment. While these problems sometimes get him down, the co-owners of the fledgling company are his friends from college, and he looks forward to seeing them every day. In order to off set his frustration with the sometimes inadequate equipment, Hector instead celebrates the fact that he gets to work in a casual environment with friends. Hector's approach is an example of

A. emotion-focused cognitive coping

Eisha is an independent graphic designer who works with a number of advertising agencies. She used to charge by the hour, but she has now switched to charging by the ad. In other words, she has moved from a _________ schedule

A. fixed interval to a fixed ratio

An individual could argue that smashing a window to save a dog trapped in a hot car is defensible and ethical. This rationale is based on which of the following principles?

A. the ethics of rights

What is the result of process gain?

A. useful resources and capabilities that did not exist before the team created them

Which of the following examples best exemplifies the concept of process gain?

B. Agnes, Ari, and Isla, through their combined efforts to improve efficiency as shipping and receiving clerks, achieve a higher on-time delivery rate than their coworkers

Which of the following situations demonstrates the connection between hindrance stressors and organizational commitment?

B. Hilary's manager constantly makes unreasonable demands that force her to work long hours, and as a result she is looking for another job.

Moussa, a fitness manager at the Lifestyle Martial Arts Studio, consults an alternative nutrition specialist to see if it is feasible to incorporate certain natural ointments and supplements as part of the studio's comprehensive fitness services. Moussa is performing a(n) _________ activity of the boundary-spanning process.

B. Scout

Juliet has just completed a 12-week training course and now is back at work. Her boss should expect that she will be

B. Somewhat better at her jobs and slightly more emotionally attached to the company that she was before she began her training course

Dontell manages a shipyard with over 700 workers performing a variety of tasks. After walking through the grounds talking to the employees, he is surprised to learn that few of the workers share common goals within teams. He sees a wide variation in what people believe they are trying to accomplish. How can Dontell best resolve this issue and help his workforce find some common goals?

B. by instructing his teams to create mission statements with clearly defined goals

Layla participated in a problem-solving quiz competition among teams of coworkers. Because Layla was the most familiar with the types of problems on her quiz, her team's performance depended largely on Layla's performance. What is the type of task represented by the quiz competition?

B. disjunctive

A majority of all ________ are attributable to stress-related causes

B. doctor visits

Talia is the northeast regional sales rep for Mountain Bike Tires 4 Less (MBT4L). In order to keep the smaller retailers happy, she offers extended payment terms on large orders. When Bob is unable to place a new order, he calls to complain to Talia who then calls and yells at Bertram for holding up one of her customers' orders. Bertram explains that Bob's Bikes' account is past due. Talia tells him that it is not past due because she offered extended terms. Bertram tells Talia that he had no knowledge of these special terms. The conflict between Talia and Bertram causes mistrust and resentment, and Bob's Bikes is caught in the middle. Keeping the benefits of cross-training in mind, which approach should Miguel use to achieve improved communication and reduced friction between Talia and Bertram?

B. having Talia sit in Bertram's cubicle for half a day to observe demands of his job

As the level of task interdependence _________, members must spend _________ amounts of time communicating and coordinating with other members to complete tasks.

B. increases; increasing

Nominal group technique decreases social loafing and production blocking—problems with brainstorming—by

B. making people write down ideas on their own.

After a lengthy, stressful company restructuring, Julia, a project manager, took a six-week medical leave just to keep her sanity intact. This is an example of

B. recover

Gregor has worked in software quality assurance for three years but is looking for opportunities at other companies as a means to increase his salary and gain responsibility. To prepare for his interview for a software engineer position, he studies programming in his spare time and asks friends who are already programmers for interview tips. While feeling a bit anxious about his ability to complete the task, he uses online tutorials and asks for guidance from coworkers to help him achieve his goal. He has to work late for three nights, but by the end of the week, he is proud to have accomplished the task successfully and to have learned new skills in the process. Gregor's path to success is an example of

B. work complexity

One of Isabella's biggest challenges as the leader of a paralegal team is getting team members to fill out their timesheets at the end of each week. She has tried a number of ways to get them to comply, but nothing seems to work. Isabella knows that no one likes to lead the daily project update meeting, which is a task that revolves among the paralegals on a regular basis, and that gives her an idea. The best way to achieve the result she desires is to announce that employees who

C. fill out their timesheets correctly and on time three weeks in a row will be exempted from leading the project update meeting the next time their turn comes around.

Jamarcus, a manager at the corporate headquarters of Shurway Shipping & PackingSupply, has just received a complaint about Wanda, a receptionist, having been rude to a customer who called the office. After apologizing to the caller, Jamarcus asks Wanda to report to his office. Confronted with the situation, she says that she has been having a bad day and the caller was extremely rude to her. She apologizes and says she will not do it again. Jamarcus, knowing that Wanda has never had any negative interactions with clients in her ten years with the company, is inclined to believe that this particular caller was indeed rude, and he therefore takes no further action. This is an example of _________ attribution by Jamarcus.

C. low consistency resulting in an external

Blaine's coworker, Tamika, has accused him of sexual harassment, but Blaine denies it. Although there is little evidence to support either person's claims, their supervisor,Yessi, is inclined to believe Tamika. She knows that Blaine had a DUI just a few years back, and he was once reprimanded for mismanaging company funds. Yessi's judgment is one of _________ attribution.

C. low distinctiveness resulting in an internal

Mattias is looking for a part-time job. He has several acquaintances who have workedfor Taco Trio, a regional restaurant chain. They tell Mattias that the company pays well, has a good company culture, and treats its employees with respect. Plus, its high-quality, affordable food, friendly atmosphere, and Friday-night specials make it popular with the public. Mattias thinks Taco Trio sounds like a good place to work and decides to fill out an application. What can you deduce based on Mattias's decision?

C. mattias's trust in Taco Trio is being a good place to work is cognition-based

_________ is the idea that we learn by observing the link between our voluntary behavior and the consequences that follow it.

C. operant conditioning

Soon after becoming the new store manager of Halo Foods, an organic food market, Max discovers that employees are coming in late to work, taking long breaks, and behaving unprofessionally while on the job. After considering the situation, he introduces a new set of guidelines, along with contingencies of reinforcement. Those who show up on time, do not exceed their allotted break schedules, and show themselves behaving professionally at all times while on duty during the next month will be given a $20 Visa gift card, courtesy of management. Those who fail to meet the requirements, on the other hand, will be asked to stay late one night a week and attend an unpaid training session. The contingencies Max is planning to implement—the Visa gift card on the one hand and the unpaid training session on the other—are, respectively

C. positive reinforcement and punishment

Kristen attempts to address time pressure by working harder and seeking assistance in devising a strategy for accomplishing the work more efficiently. In the example,Kristen uses

C. problem-focused coping

The advertising agency Positive Impressions lands a large new corporate client. If there are any disagreements, the group usually talks through the issue until it is resolved. Everyone is even-tempered, and there are rarely disagreements, but two members, Josephine and Eric, are butting heads about one small production issue. Both strongly believe their way is the more effective, efficient way, but they have not taken the issue before the group yet because they are still trying to convince each other. At the most recent discussion, they traded some journal articles between them supporting their positions. Julie is aware there is a conflict between Josephine and Eric but they still appear friendly and even continue to eat lunch together. Keeping the concepts of interpersonal processes in mind, what actions should Julie take?

D. refrain from interfering, but monitor Josephine and Eric's working relationship for any conflict escalation

A psychology class has been assigned an individual case study project as well as a group project. The members of the group will receive the same grade for the group project, but they will be graded separately for their individual projects. Kari, Mihail, Sherifa, and Siti are members of one such group. Kari and Sherifa worked very hard on the group project. Mihail and Siti, however, did not contribute much to the group project because they felt that Kari and Sherifa would manage to get good grades for it.Instead, they focused their efforts on their individual projects. Which of the following answer options best exemplifies Mihail and Siti's behavior?

D. social loafing

Daphne is the top performing nurse on the maternity ward at Downtown General Hospital. In advance of her annual performance review, her supervisor, Raul, begins observing her work behavior more closely to facilitate a more thorough review. One day, a doctor begins berating a nurse for not notifying him of a patient's change in medication, and Daphne steps in to defuse the situation by explaining that the medication was changed from a brand name drug to an identical generic version. Another day, Raul watches as Daphne works with two other nurses to sort out how best to deal with the aggressive partner of a woman recovering from a five-week premature delivery. Additionally, Raul sees that Daphne keeps a daily calendar of events and tasks. Going into the performance review, Raul concludes that Daphne is exhibiting a high degree of

D. teamwork competency

Kwame, Rosalinda, and Sven work at Security First Trust and National Reserve, a medium-sized bank with 240 branches in eight states. Kwame works as a teller.Rosalinda works as one of five regional supervisors, each of whom is expected to supervise a team of tellers. Just two days before the two regional supervisors quit, the bank hiredSven as a supervisor trainee. With the bank suddenly short-handed, Sven was asked to take up all the responsibilities of a regional supervisor. He has been given very few instructions or guidelines about how things are supposed to be done. Instead, the bank expects him to learn on the job.In this scenario, Rosalinda is facing which type of stressor?

D. work challenge

A special surveillance and rescue team is being deployed to counter the menace of poachers in unpopulated regions throughout the world. Sebastian, Julietta, and Omar are the core members of the team. Sebastian was elected as the leader of the team. Julietta is responsible for monitoring the team's progress toward its goals. Omar took on the role of motivator and confidence builder for the team. This team has worked together before and has developed a high level of common understanding regarding the team and its mission. Members also strongly believe that the team can be effective across a variety of situations and tasks. As a standard practice, before deployment, the team members observe how other members perform their roles by shadowing and going through simulations. Beyond his task responsibilities, Omar's role also consists of behaviors that contribute to _________ processes

E. interpersonal

Yina, Shakita, and Iris work in different teams at First Note Acoustics. Yina's team ensures that all the raw materials, machinery, tools, and other production equipment are available to employees around the clock. Any procurement needs must be addressed to Yina, who also takes part in high-level decisions regarding the number of units to be produced and exported. Shakita works as part of a team of nine members who concentrate on daily production; they also ensure that quality checks are done and inspect each other's work. Iris is the operations manager, who works for three hours in the production department and spends the rest of her time assisting management as an internal consultant on manufacturing issues. Her input is crucial in improving the production process. Yina is part of a(n) _________team

E. management

A team was formed to coordinate the impending ISO accreditation process for a company over a period of six months. The team members are drawn from various departments. Which of the following types of teams does this most exemplify?

E. project team