OCE Ch. 1

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Balboa

first European explorer to see the Pacific Ocean

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Eratosthenes

first determination of Earth's circumference

A tentative, testable statement about the general nature of a phenomenon is called a/an:

hypothesis

Oceanic crust is primarily:

basalt

Christopher Columbus established trade routes from Europe around Africa to India.

False

Vikings led by Thor Heyerdahl established temporary colonies in North America.

False

The European "Age of Discovery" ended with:

Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. observation B. hypothesis C. belief D. theory E. testing

belief

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. mantle

contains minerals rich in iron and magnesium, between the crust and the core, and has the second largest volume according to the chemical classification

How are the materials that make up Earth's interior stratified (layered) in relation to their densities?

The HIGHEST density materials are CONCENTRATED at Earth's core, while lower density materials are located closer to Earth's Surface.

Which of the following statements is supported by the nebular hypothesis regarding the formation of our solar system?

The SUN became a STAR when its temperature and density became so great that nuclear fusion began.

Which of the following best describes why the 2010 earthquake in Chile caused a large tsunami while the 2010 earthquake in Haiti only caused a small and local tsunami?

The earthquake in Haiti was the result of motion on a TRANSFORM boundary, which does not produce any vertical motion of the sea floor, whereas the Chilean earthquake was the result of motion along a convergent plate boundary, which does.

Radiometric dating is used to determine the ages of rocks.

True

In science, which one of the following would be considered an observation? Select only one answer.

Waves ARE SEEN to approach the beach at an angle.

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. Vikings

established impermanent settlement in North America and the first Europeans to explore Iceland and Greenland

The average depth of the world's oceans is approximately:

3,682 meters (12,080 feet).

The four principal ocean basins (plus an additional ocean) on Earth are the:

ATLANTIC, PACIFIC, Indian, Southern, and Arctic Oceans.

The first person we are aware of who determined the circumference of the Earth using trigonometry and the angle of sunlight at Alexandria, Egypt, was:

Eratosthenes.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. Adriatic B. Black C. Caspian D. Indian E. Mediterranean

Indian

In general, the salinity content of ocean water has remained constant throughout the majority of Earth's history.

True

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. lithosphere

crust and the uppermost mantle consisting of a solid rock layer

The water in Earth's oceans came __________.

mostly from volcanic outgassing and partly from comets

The mechanism by which populations evolve and new species develop is called:

natural selection

The Sun and the rest of the solar system formed about 5 billion years ago from a huge cloud of dust and gas called a:

nebula

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. oxygen B. water vapor C. carbon dioxide D. methane E. ammonia

oxygen

Match the term with the appropriate phrase. asthenosphere

plastic (capable of flow) portion of the upper mantle beneath the lithosphere

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Please identify the word and/or phrase that does NOT fit the pattern. Enter only the letter of the answer (caps, no period, and not the full entry) in the field below. A. Vasco de Gama B. Ptolemy C. Christopher Columbus D. John Cabot E. Ferdinand Magellan

ptolemy