OCE1001 FSU Chapter 6

For an equal quantity of solar radiation hitting all parts of Earth, the "solar footprint" is larger at the equator than it is in high latitudes. True False

False

A boundary or belt characterized by cold deserts occurs in which of the following regions? Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) 5 to 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 degrees 60 to 90 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

Poles (90 degrees)

Which of the following features in illustrated in the photo? Iceberg Sea Ice Sea Ice Ribbons Pancake Ice Ice Floes

Pancake Ice

Which of the following is the correct order of formation of sea ice as it forms directly from seawater? -(START) Slush; Pancake Ice; Ice Floes; Sea Ice (FINISH) -(START) Pancake Ice; Ice Floes; Slush; Sea Ice (FINISH) -(START) Slush; Ice Floes; Pancake Ice; Sea Ice (FINISH) -(START) Ice Floes; Slush; Pancake Ice; Sea Ice (FINISH) -(START) Slush; Ice Floes; Sea Ice; Pancake Ice (FINISH)

(START) Slush; Pancake Ice; Ice Floes; Sea Ice (FINISH)

Select all that apply. -Surface temperatures would increase, causing a decrease in surface water and/or ice on Earth, and would thus cause a further increase in albedo. -A higher albedo means more of the Sun's radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface. -Higher albedo would result in cooler temperatures on Earth. -Ice sheets would advance, thereby increasing Earth's overall albedo and further cooling Earth's surface.

- Higher albedo would result in cooler temperatures on Earth. - Ice sheets would advance, thereby increasing Earth's overall albedo and further cooling Earth's surface.

Of the following statements about the Coriolis effect in the Northern Hemisphere, which is/are true? Choose all that apply. -The Coriolis effect causes air to move clockwise around low pressure. -The Coriolis effect causes air to move counterclockwise around high pressure. -The Coriolis effect does not cause air to move in a circular pattern around either high or low pressures. -The Coriolis effect causes air to move counterclockwise around low pressure. -The Coriolis effect causes air to move clockwise around high pressure.

- The Coriolis effect causes air to move counterclockwise around low pressure. - The Coriolis effect causes air to move clockwise around high pressure.

Which of the following statements provides a possible logical explanation for the increased number of tornadoes during the 1990s and 2000s compared to the 1950s and 1960s? -Larger warm fronts in midlatitude cyclones produce more tornadoes. -Tornado warnings when tornadoes don't occur can cause the number of tornadoes to look greater than it actually is. -Using Doppler radar more effectively allows scientists to detect more tornadoes than was previously possible. -Population increases mean that more people could report tornadoes in more areas.

- Using Doppler radar more effectively allows scientists to detect more tornadoes than was previously possible. - Population increases mean that more people could report tornadoes in more areas.

Of the following statements about the transfer of heat on Earth, which is/are true? Choose all that apply. -Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas. -Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes. -Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes. -Greenhouse gases in the air decrease the amount of heat retained by Earth's atmosphere. -Earth's albedo reflects back into space all of the sunlight hitting Earth.

- Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas. - Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes. - Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes.

Which of the following locations has/have the potential to reliably harness wind power as a renewable energy source? Choose all that apply. -along the equator -between 5 and 30 degrees latitude -between 30 and 60 degrees latitude -around 30 degrees latitude -at the poles

- between 5 and 30 degrees latitude - between 30 and 60 degrees latitude

Nonrotating Earth bin

-All surface air flows toward the equator -one pair of convection cells

Greatest temperature range -cloudy skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Clear skies during the day and clear skies at night -Clear skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Cloudy skies during the day and clear skies at night

-Clear skies during the day and clear skies at night

Intermediate temperature range -cloudy skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Clear skies during the day and clear skies at night -Clear skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Cloudy skies during the day and clear skies at night

-Clear skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Cloudy skies during the day and clear skies at night

The tilt of Earth's axis of rotation with respect to the ecliptic is ______________. 8 degrees 12 degrees 16 degrees 23.5 degrees 32.5 degrees

23.5 degrees

Neither

-all surface air flows poleward -air sinks at the equator

Smallest temperature range -cloudy skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Clear skies during the day and clear skies at night -Clear skies during the day and cloudy skies at night -Cloudy skies during the day and clear skies at night

-cloudy skies during the day and cloudy skies at night

Rotating Earth

-equatorial and subpolar air flows inward and upward -presence of trade winds and westerlies -three pairs of convection cells

Which of the following names mean "tropical cyclone"? monsoon typhoon cyclone tornado hurricane

-hurricane -typhoon -cyclone

In the eastern Pacific of the Northern Hemisphere, which ocean temperatures are associated with the most hurricanes? above 30° Celsius 27° to 29° Celsius 24° to 26° Celsius 21° to 23° Celsius less than 20° Celsius

27° to 29° Celsius

The major deserts of the world occur in which of the following regions? Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) 5 to 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 degrees 60 to 90 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

30 degrees

Globally, air descends (sinks toward the surface) at ______________. -60 degrees latitude and 90 degrees latitude (the poles) -the equator and 30 degrees latitude -the equator and 90 degrees latitude (the poles) -the equator and 60 degrees latitude -30 degrees latitude and 60 degrees latitude -30 degrees latitude and 90 degrees latitude (the poles)

30 degrees latitude and 90 degrees latitude (the poles)

Storms are most common in which of the following regions? Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) 5 to 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 to 90 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

30 to 60 degrees

The average albedo of Earth's surface is about: 30%. 50%. 67%. 3%. 90%.

30%.

How big can the diameter of a hurricane become? 500 miles 5000 miles 5 miles 50 miles

500 miles

A boundary or belt characterized by variable winds and stormy, cloudy weather year round occurs in which of the following regions? Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) 5 to 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 degrees 60 to 90 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

60 degrees

The polar front occurs in which of the following regions? 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 degrees 60 to 90 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

60 degrees

The organized, denser portion of Hurricane Katrina (not including the wispy outer spiral bands) was: 1600 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M. 70 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M. 1300 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M. 900 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M.

900 km in diameter on August 28 at 9 P.M.

Why is warm, moist air considered the "fuel" for a hurricane?

Air cools as it rises. As air cools, water vapor will condense out as liquid water. Condensation releases heat, providing energy to the hurricane.

Of the following statements about the tilt of Earth's axis, which one is true? Select only one answer. -A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers. -A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and warmer summers. -An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers. -A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers. -An increase in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and colder summers. -An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers.

An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers.

Hurricane Katrina moved 425 km during which of these time periods? August 28 at 10 A.M. to August 29 at 10 A.M. August 28 at 10 P.M. to August 29 at 10 A.M. August 27 at 10 A.M. to August 28 at 10 A.M. August 27 at 10 A.M. to August 29 at 10 A.M.

August 28 at 10 A.M. to August 29 at 10 A.M.

Why does wind between the equator and 30 degrees south come out of the southeast? -Cooled air moves north toward the equator and is deflected toward the east by the Coriolis effect. -Cooled air moves south toward the equator and is deflected toward the west by the Coriolis effect. -Cooled air moves east toward the equator and is deflected toward the north by the Coriolis effect. -Cooled air moves west toward the equator and is deflected toward the south by the Coriolis effect. -Cooled air moves north toward the equator and is deflected toward the west by the Coriolis effect.

Cooled air moves north toward the equator and is deflected toward the west by the Coriolis effect.

Weather (short-term conditions of air temperature, wind speed/direction, precipitation, and atmospheric pressure) occurs because __________. -solar activity varies with time -photosynthesis has enriched the atmosphere with oxygen -ocean currents cause the movement of air masses and produce weather fronts -Earth's surface is heated unevenly by the Sun -Earth's orbit around the Sun is elliptical

Earth's surface is heated unevenly by the Sun

The Doldrums occur in which of the following regions? Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) 5 to 30 degrees 30 degrees 30 to 60 degrees 60 degrees 30 to 60 degrees Poles (90 degrees)

Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees)

Why does air tend to rise in equatorial regions? -Equatorial regions receive less indirect sunlight than other areas. -Equatorial regions receive more direct sunlight than other areas. -Equatorial regions receive more indirect sunlight than other areas. -Equatorial regions receive less direct sunlight than other areas.

Equatorial regions receive more direct sunlight than other areas.

The trade winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere? From northeast to southwest From northwest to southeast From southeast to northwest From southwest to northeast

From northeast to southwest

The prevailing westerly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere? From northeast to southwest From northwest to southeast From southeast to northwest From southwest to northeast

From northwest to southeast

How are rain patterns different near warm and cold fronts?

Rain near a cold front occurs over a smaller spatial area and is more intense than near a warm front.

Where does rain occur in a cold front? Rain occurs along and behind a cold front. Rain occurs along and to the left of a cold front. Rain occurs along and to the right of a cold front. Rain occurs along and in front of a cold front.

Rain occurs along and behind a cold front.

Where does rain occur in a warm front? -Rain occurs along and to the left of a warm front. -Rain occurs along and to the right of a warm front. -Rain occurs along and behind a warm front. -Rain occurs along and in front of a warm front.

Rain occurs along and in front of a warm front.

Why does rain occur near a cold front? -Falling cold air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Rising warm air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Falling cold air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Why does rain occur near a warm front? -Rising warm air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Falling cold air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Falling cold air warms, resulting in cloud formation and rain. -Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Why is heavy rain associated with hurricane formation? -Rising, moist air cools. As air cools, water condenses and eventually falls. -Rising, dry air cools. As air cools, water is collected and eventually falls. -Rising, dry air warms. As air warms, water condenses and eventually falls. -Rising, moist air warms. As air warms, water condenses and eventually falls. -Rising, moist air warms. As air warms, water is collected and eventually falls.

Rising, moist air cools. As air cools, water condenses and eventually falls.

Which of the following statements regarding sea-surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico during the time period covered by the animation is correct? -Sea surface temperature increased after the passage of Hurricane Katrina due to the latent heat of condensation. -Sea surface temperature never exceeded 30°C. -Sea surface temperature decreased after the passage of Hurricane Katrina due to the latent heat of condensation. -Sea surface temperature showed a pattern of decreasing temperatures with increasing latitude.

Sea-surface temperature decreased after the passage of Hurricane Katrina due to the latent heat of condensation.

How does the location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) change over time? -The ITCZ migrates north of the equator in Northern Hemisphere winter and south of the equator in Northern Hemisphere summer. -The ITCZ migrates north of the equator in winter and south of the equator in summer. -The ITCZ migrates south of the equator in winter and north of the equator in summer. -The ITCZ migrates south of the equator in Northern Hemisphere winter and north of the equator in Northern Hemisphere summer.

The ITCZ migrates south of the equator in Northern Hemisphere winter and north of the equator in Northern Hemisphere summer.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude BECAUSE it depends on the weight of the column of air above. -The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. -The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. -The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. -The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. -Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The rate of sea ice formation slows as sea ice thickens BECAUSE the ice insulates the underlying water from freezing due to its poor heat conduction. -The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. -The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. -The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. -The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. -Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.

Which of the following statements about sea-surface temperatures during the time period covered by the animation is correct? -The coldest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 30°C. -The warmest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 40°C. -The warmest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 30°C. -The coldest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 27°C.

The coldest temperature in the Gulf of Mexico was 27°C.

Which of the following statements about the Coriolis effect is correct? -The maximum Coriolis effect is at the equator, and there is no Coriolis effect at the poles. -The Coriolis effect is strongest between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. -There is no Coriolis effect for objects moving due south from the equator. -The magnitude of the Coriolis effect depends on how long the object is in motion.

The magnitude of the Coriolis effect depends on how long the object is in motion.

Primary explanation for why differences in average monthly temperatures exist for these two locations:

The ocean near San Fran limits its temperature variations.

A jet stream generally diverges above a low-pressure (warm) center. However, at Earth's surface, air converges at a low-pressure center. The surface winds will likely get weaker. The surface winds will begin to move downward. The surface winds will likely get stronger. The surface winds will not change.

The surface winds will likely get stronger.

Which of the following statements about water temperatures at 25° N, 84° W from August 25 to August 30 is correct? -The temperature did not show any change. -The temperature decreased from 32°C to 27°C. -The temperature increased from 27°C to 32°C. -The temperature decreased from 35°C to 20°C.

The temperature decreased from 32°C to 27°C.

What determines whether a front is called a cold front or a warm front? The type of front is determined by which air mass is heavier. The type of front is determined by which air mass is moving. The type of front is determined by which air mass is higher. The type of front is determined by which air mass is older. The type of front is determined by which air mass is larger.

The type of front is determined by which air mass is moving.

What is the air that sinks at latitudes of 30 degrees north and south like? This air is cool and wet. This air is warm and dry. This air is cool and dry. This air is warm and wet.

This air is cool and dry.

The "midnight Sun" is a phenomenon observed in all of the Arctic Circle only when the Sun is directly above the _______________. North Pole Tropic of Capricorn equator Tropic of Cancer South Pole

Tropic of Cancer

The major surface wind belts of the world are generated by the lowermost portion of Earth's atmospheric circulation cells. True False

True

The surface winds of an anticyclone in the Southern Hemisphere rotate counterclockwise. True False

True

Which of the following is not one of the names associated with huge rotating masses of low pressure characterized by strong winds and torrential rain? Hurricane Vortex Cyclone Typhoon

Vortex

Which of the following statements best describes the general relationship between ocean currents and hurricanes?

Warm ocean currents and hurricane paths both broadly move from east to west between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude in the eastern Pacific.

The percentage of solar radiation reflected from the surface of Earth back into space is known as the __________. declination ecliptic equinox albedo solar footprint

albedo

In which direction would winds move at the poles if Earth rotated in the opposite direction? -Wind near the north pole would move to the northwest, and the wind near the south pole would move to the southwest. -Wind would move toward the northeast at both poles. -Wind would move toward the southeast at both poles. -Wind near the north pole would move to the northeast, and the wind near the south pole would move to the southeast.

Wind near the north pole would move to the northeast, and the wind near the south pole would move to the southeast.

The atmospheric high-pressure cells over North America in the map suggest that the atmospheric patterns shown most likely represent which season for the northern hemisphere? Spring Summer Fall Winter

Winter

What is a tropical cyclone? -a low pressure disturbance that develops over cold, tropical waters -a high pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters -a low pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters -a high pressure disturbance that develops over cold, tropical waters

a low-pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters

Which of the following associations between hurricanes—also known as typhoons and cyclones—and wind direction is most accurate? -a west to east movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the western Pacific between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude -an east to west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the eastern Pacific between 10° and 20° degrees south latitude -an east to west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the eastern Atlantic between 10° and 20° degrees south latitude -an east to west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the western Atlantic between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude -an east to west movement of hurricanes and westerly winds in the eastern Pacific between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude

an east-to-west movement of hurricanes and easterly winds in the western Atlantic between 10° and 20° degrees north latitude

Which areas of Earth experience the most precipitation? areas near the polar front areas near the subtropical highs areas near the ITCZ

areas near the ITCZ

Which of the following temperature and humidity conditions are most likely to be experienced in eastern Iowa after the cold front passes? warm and dry warm and humid hot and humid cold and humid cold and dry

cold and dry

Earth's polar regions (above 60° latitude) are classified as deserts because __________. -cold, dry sinking air in the polar high regions produces little precipitation -the albedo is too great in those areas -only snow falls in those areas, and snow is not considered to be precipitation -all available water in the polar regions is tied up in glaciers and icecaps -mountains surrounding the polar regions prevent moist air from moving into the areas

cold, dry sinking air in the polar high regions produces little precipitation

When would you expect the low-pressure cell over the North Pole to be most developed? during the Northern Hemisphere winter during the Northern Hemisphere spring during the Northern Hemisphere fall during the Northern Hemisphere summer

during the Northern Hemisphere winter

The intensity of solar radiation received at lower latitudes (near the equator) compared to higher latitudes (near the poles) is: greater. lower. the same. none of the above.

greater.

What drives Hadley cell circulation? pressure from wind patterns pressure from air systems heating from the Sun heating from volcanism

heating from the Sun

When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have a: darker color. decreased density. higher salinity. lower temperature. higher temperature.

higher salinity.

Where are Hadley cells found? in the atmosphere near the poles in the water near the equator in the atmosphere near the equator in the water near the poles

in the atmosphere near the equator

Hurricanes are associated with __________ atmospheric pressure and spin ______________ in the Northern Hemisphere. high; clockwise low; counterclockwise high; counterclockwise low; clockwise

low; counterclockwise

Rising warm air is associated with regions of ________ atmospheric pressure caused by thermal ________. high; compression low; compression high; expansion low; expansion

low; expansion

Where are tropical cyclones found? lower latitudes lower and upper latitudes lower and middle latitudes middle latitudes middle and upper latitudes

lower and middle latitudes

What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere? oxygen nitrogen sulfur dioxide carbon dioxide water vapor

nitrogen

Directly west of the center of an anticyclone in the Northern Hemisphere, the wind would most likely be moving ___

north

A person experiences a popping feeling in their ears during the takeoff or landing of an airplane or while driving on steep mountain roads due to changes in the ________ of the atmosphere. movement density water vapor content temperature pressure

pressure

Earth's atmosphere is heated primarily by __________. -reradiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation -solar energy interacting with the ionosphere -solar energy interacting with the stratosphere -conduction of heat from Earth's surface -latent heat of condensation in storms

re-radiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation

Air warmed by the land that rises and is replaced by cooler air from the ocean may produce a: sea breeze. tropical cyclone. land breeze. cold front. typhoon.

sea breeze.

The thickness of sea ice is limited primarily by __________. -heat conducted upward through the water column -the length of the winter season -increased salinity of the water excluded from the crystal lattice of the sea ice -the insulating nature of the ice itself

the insulating nature of the ice itself

Areas of high atmospheric pressure (at Earth's surface) generally experience what kind of conditions? rising air, with dry, clear weather rising air, with cloudy, rainy weather sinking air, with dry, clear weather sinking air, with cloudy, rainy weather usually none of the above

sinking air, with dry, clear weather

Directly west of the center of a cyclone in the Northern Hemisphere, the wind would most likely be moving ____

south

Which way would wind travel in the region between 30 and 60 degrees latitude if Earth stopped rotating? -south in the Southern Hemisphere and east in the Northern Hemisphere -west in the Southern Hemisphere and north in the Northern Hemisphere -south in the Southern Hemisphere and north in the Northern Hemisphere -north in the Southern Hemisphere and south in the Northern Hemisphere

south in the Southern Hemisphere and north in the Northern Hemisphere

Ninety percent of people who die in hurricanes are killed by _____________. poorly built buildings high winds and flying debris storm surge intense rainfall looting and raiding by people after the hurricane has passed

storm surge

The two factors that are most important in determining the density of air are: temperature and salinity. temperature and ozone. temperature and water vapor content. carbon dioxide and water vapor content. nitrogen and water vapor content.

temperature and water vapor content.

What term is used to describe the effect on air movement produced by Earth's rotation? the air rotation effect the air Coriolis effect the Coriolis effect the rotation Coriolis effect the rotation effect

the Coriolis effect

What is a front? -the boundary between two air masses of different size -the boundary between two water masses of different temperatures -the boundary between two water masses of different size -the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures -the boundary between two land masses of different temperatures

the boundary between two air masses of different temperatures

A moving object traveling northward in the Northern Hemisphere is deflected toward ______________. straight upward the south the east the west the north

the east

Hurricanes frequently make landfall on the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coasts, but rarely, if ever, occur on the Pacific coast. The primary reason for the rarity of west coast hurricanes is that __________. -hurricanes do not occur in the eastern Pacific -the Coriolis effect, necessary for the rotation of hurricanes, does not exist outside the tropics -the Rocky Mountains serve as a barrier to keep storms away from the coast -the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes -the western deserts keep the humidity too low for hurricanes to form

the ocean water does not get warm enough to supply the needed heat energy for hurricanes

The Coriolis effect is caused by __________. changes in Earth's rotational velocity Earth's magnetic field the rotation of Earth the curvature of Earth the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)

the rotation of Earth

What two features are many of Earth's deserts associated with? -the subtropical lows and warm ocean currents found along the west coasts of continents -the subtropical highs and cool ocean currents found along the west coasts of continents -the subtropical highs and warm ocean currents found along the west coasts of continents -the subtropical lows and cool ocean currents found along the west coasts of continents

the subtropical highs and cool ocean currents found along the west coasts of continents

As a result of the Coriolis effect in the northern hemisphere, winds always are deflected: -to the right of their original direction. -to the east of their original direction. -to the left of their original direction. -at a 90° angle from their original direction. -at a 45° angle from their original direction.

to the right of their original direction.

The wind belt(s) with strong, reliable, generally easterly winds is (are) the: horse latitudes. westerlies. doldrums polar easterlies. trade winds.

trade winds.

The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the: ozone layer. troposphere. upper atmosphere. tropopause. stratosphere.

troposphere.

The Coriolis effect is due to changes in the ________ of Earth with latitude. density pressure chemical composition temperature velocity

velocity

All the following are true of the movement of Earth's atmosphere except : -a column of warm, less dense air produces low pressure at the Earth's surface. -the movement of air within the atmospheric convection cells generates the Earth's major wind belts. -warm air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. -cool air is denser than warm air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. -a column of cool, dense air produces high pressure at the Earth's surface.

warm air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface.

The majority of the world's tropical cyclones are formed in the waters north of the equator in the ________ Ocean. eastern Atlantic western Pacific western Indian western Atlantic eastern Pacific

western Pacific

Sea ice forms by seawater freezing; icebergs form _____________. -when glacial ice on land falls off into the ocean -when the latent heat of freezing is too much for seawater, causing it to form large chunks of ice at the ocean surface - by icy meteorites that impact Earth -when ice chunks break off the sea floor and begin floating -only in the wintertime

when glacial ice on land falls off into the ocean