Open Stax Introduction to Sociology Chapters 13,14,15,16
Patrilineal
A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a ________ society.
Is found in all cultures
A cultural universal is something that:
Polyandry
A woman being married to two men would be an example of _____.
Polyandry
A woman being married to two men would be an example of:
Grade inflation
According to sociologist Bette Woody in the video lesson, introducing high standards in education and enforcing such standards are ways to combat ______________.
Lifelong
According to the video lesson __________, learning is more important in today's society because the pace of change is so rapid.
An age cohort
According to the video lesson, ___________ is a group of people who more or less are the same birth age.
Blended
According to the video lesson, a _________ family includes children from previous marriages and children from the current union or marriage.
A rite of passage
According to the video lesson, a bar mitzvah is an example of ______________.
Group
According to the video lesson, a parent-teacher association is an example of a ____________found within the social institutions of education
Group
According to the video lesson, faith- based charitable organizations are an example of a _________ within the social institution of religion
All of the above: separation of church and state, mixing politics and religion, the role of women in religion.
According to the video lesson, one of the challenges to the social institution of religion involves _________.
Value
According to the video lesson, social justice is a ___________ within the social institutions of religion.
Intergenerational
According to the video lesson, the _______________ family has several generations living in the same household.
Life expectancy
According to the video lesson, the average number of years a member of a given population can expect to live beyond his or her present age is called ___________.
Hidden curriculum
According to the video lesson, the informal, subtle social norms that we learn from education are sometimes referred to as the ____________.
Religion
According to the video lesson, the social institution of ____________provides us with guidance when it comes to explanations of life and death.
Moral communities
According to the video lesson, the social institution of religion often creates______________ where we feel comfortable and where life seems livable.
Nuclear
According to the video lesson, traditionally, the ________ family consists of parents and their children.
Pastor
According to the video lesson, which of the following is NOT an example of a group or organization that serves the social institutions of religion.
Death of a spouse
According to the video lesson, which of the following is NOT an explanation for the increasing numbers of single-parent families?
All of the above: Teenage parents often lack maturity needed to raise children, teenage parents often drop out of school to raise children, teenage parents have difficulty getting ahead economically.
According to the video lesson, which of the following is a reason sociologists are interested in studying teenage parents/families?
Norms
According to the video lesson, within the social institution of education, ________ provide guidance for behavior.
Roles
According to the video lesson, worshippers perform specific ___________ within the social institution of religion.
Ageism
According to the video lesson_____________ refers to prejudice, discrimination, and hostility directed toward someone because of age ---------- either young or old.
Social promotion
Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called _________.
Medicaid being in danger of going bankrupt
America's baby boomer generation has contributed to all of the following except:
Disengagement
An older man retires from his job, stops golfing, and cancels his newspaper subscription. After his wife dies, he lives alone, loses touch with his children, and stops seeing old friends. His situation most closely illustrates the ______ theory.
Activity
An older woman retires and completely changes her life. She is no longer raising children or working. However, she joins the YMCA to swim every day. She serves on the Friends of the Library board. She is part of a neighborhood group that plays Bunco on Saturday nights. Her situation most closely illustrates the ________ theory.
Social Placement
Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of _________.
Slightly less likely than
Couple who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least 10 years.
All of the above Families, society, the individual
Functionalist theory see education as serving the needs of?
Caregivers
If elderly people suffer abuse, it is most often perpetrated by _________.
A teaching that everyone should be treated kindly.
If someone who follows the teaching of Confucius mentions the word "jen" they are referring to:
Finances are an important foundation for a successful marriage
If you consider the University of Virginia's National Marriage Project, what can be concluded from their study?
Overcoming despair to achieve integrity
In Erik Erikson's developmental stages of life, which challenge must older people struggle?
High-conflict
In general, children in _____ households benefit from divorce
China
In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced?
All of the above: religious have a complex and integrated set of norms, religions practices and beliefs are realated to societal values, religions often meet several basic needs.
In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution?
Refers to the learning of cultural norms
Informal education ______.
Refers to the learning of cultural norms
Informal education_______________.
Cultural transmission
Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays are an example of__________?
Cultural capital
Malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, and traveling to foreign countries at least once a year. When Malik goes to college, he finds he has much to talk about with professors, and fellow students from similar backgrounds. Malik is enjoying the benefits of:
Taiosm
Many people are familiar with the yin-yang symbol. From which religion does this come?
shared by Christianity and Islam
Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are:
South Korea
Megachurches have become popular in certain parts of the U.S.. Where else in the world are megachurches widely popular?
large arenas where services are held
Megachurches tend to have:
Increase the age at which someone can start collecting Social Security
No one in the U.S. can watch the news without hearing about the struggle over Social Security. Which approach has been used in the past to avoid the program's collapse?
Church and State
On any given day, there is often a story about prayer in schools in the news. For decades people have disagreed over the constitutionality of prayer in schools. This controversy is a great example of the tension between:
At least as close as
Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is __________ the family they grew up with.
Transmission of moral education
Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.
Transmission of moral education
Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ____________.
1%
Same sex couple households account for ________ of U.S. households
Polytheism
Sanchita worships three different and separate gods. Her religion falls into which category?
Liberation theology
Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as:
How a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption
Sociologists tend to define family in terms of:
A functionalist
Some believe that religion is important because it adds meaning to people's lives and provides answers to difficult questions. A sociologist following which theory would agree this with this statement?
Scientology and Hare Krishna
Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include:
110
Supercentenarians are people who are _____ and older
Death and dying
Thanatology is the study of ___________.
Access to education
The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for ______________?
Age stratification
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act counteracts which theory?
Capitalism
The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationships to:
Talmud; Torah
The _________ records Jewish interpretations of the ________ which is their sacred text.
37
The approximate median age in the U.S.
Declared that state laws that had established separate schools for black and white students were unequal and unconstitutional
The court case Brown v. Board of Education:
Eccelesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion
The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is:
Two-parent households
The majority of U.S. children live in:
Increased for both men and women
The median age of first marriage has ____________ in the last fifty years.
Classifying students based on academic merit or potential
The term sorting can be defined as?
Often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals
A sect:
Infancy
According to Arlie Russell Hochschild in the video lesson, which of the following is NOT one of the states of aging?
More likely
Children of divorced parents are ________ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married.
They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.
Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why?
Perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status
Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to _________.
Steadily declining
Current divorce rates are:
The typical sequence of events in their lives
For individual people of a certain culture, the life course is ___________.
5
How many pillars are essential to the Islamic faith?
Live a few years longer
In most countries, elderly women __________ than elderly men.
Continued to gradually rise
In the U.S. the life expectancy rate in recent decades have ___________.
Symbolic interactionism
Kara has behavioral problems as a young child. As she goes through school, she is labeled "troubled", and told she will never amount to anything. Kara, though intelligent, decides to "live down" to this expectation. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in studying Kara's experience?
socioeconomic status and family background
Key predictors for student success include ____________.
Racial segregation in schools was allowed
Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that ____________.
A man who is married to more than one woman at the same time
Polygyny is:
Per student spending is equitable
Public schools must guarantee that __________.
The increasing percentage of the population over sixty-five years old
the "graying of the United States" refers to_________.
Grade inflation
To make students more competitive in the work force and for graduate school, college professors are beginning to lower the standard for student grades. This is known as:
Increasing
Today in the U.S. the poverty rate of the elderly is ________.
Commit suicide
Veterans are two to four times more likely to ________ as people who did not serve in the military.
They teach us how a family on screen can represent the values of the era in which they aired.
Watching television shows can be a good way to understand and study families because:
Methodist and Seven-day Adventist
What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church?
Resources and money
What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world?
Religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers
What correlation between religion and society did Max Weber see and study?
All of the above: both believe in a single supreme god, both share many of the same stories in their central religious texts, both believe in an afterlife
What do Christianity and Islam have in common?
They recruit top teachers
What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?
All of the above: Racism and socioeconomic status
What factors contribute to inequality within the educational system in the United States?
It is the comparison of working people to non-working people.
What is a dependency ratio?
A federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status
What is the Head Start Program
As people age they generally withdrawn from all forms of society.
What is the basic idea behind disengagement theory?
Industrialization
What is the primary driver of modernization theory?
Cohabitating, unmarried partners have slightly higher divorce rate after they get married than those who don't cohabitate until after marriage.
What is the relationship, if any, between people who cohabitate and then get married, and those people who wait to live together after they marry?
Noble Truths
What name do Buddhists give to their four basic rules?
Tracking
What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?
Sorting
What term describes the separation of students based on merit?
Tracking
When Ahmed is in 5th grade, he does poorly in math and science. His teachers recommend him for lower-level classes throughout middle school in all subjects, and he's not given the chance to excel elsewhere. This process is known as:
Liberation Theology
When Rosa and Sergei realized that the poor were being neglected in their city, they mobilized the members of their synagogue to send letters to the government asking them to fix the growing rate of poverty, or at least, fund the citizens so they might help their neighbors. This is an example of:
Speaking slowly and loudly when talking to someone over age sixty five years old
Which action reflects ageism?
Men who remain active after retirement play supportive community roles
Which assertion about aging in men would be made by a sociologist following the functionalist perspective?
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
Which court case set the precedent for access to education within the U.S. for students with disabilites
Being frail to the point of dependency on care
Which factor most increases the risk of an elderly person suffering mistreatment?
Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their lists of priorities
Which is one reason that sociologists cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid to late twenties?
Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms.
Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share?
Geographic distribution of male and female students
Which of the following does NOT account for the differences in the educational system from country to country?
Transmission of culture
Which of the following is NOT a latent function of education?
Social networks
Which of the following is NOT a manifest function of education?
Mandatory tutoring
Which of the following is NOT a method used within the U.S. to produce educational equality?
Religion is a symbol of high culture
Which of the following is NOT true of the sociological perspective on religion?
It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages
Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?
Courtship
Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?
Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol
Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)?
Symbolic interactionism
Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individuals sense of support and well-being.
Functional perspective
Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly?
Conflict theory
Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society?
The Bible
Which text is considered sacred to Christians of all sects?
Symbolic interactionism
Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?
Conflict Theory
Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?
Washington State, Oregon, and Montana
Which three states allow some form of physician-assisted suicide?
Sacred;profane
Which two words did Emile Durkheim use to distinguish between religious objects and non-religious objects?
Neglect
Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the U.S.?
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
Who wrote the book On Death and Dying, outlining the five stages of grief?
Symbolic interactionism
You are interested, like Durkheim, in how ordinary objects become sacred. Which theoretical approach will help you most in analyzing the data you collect?
