Order & Design TEST 8

tetrapod

an animal with four legs or limbs

dewlap

an iguanid's throat fan

pachycephalosaurs

bony dome shaped head

mermaid's purse

protective case that sharks lay their eggs in

pterosaurs

similar to modern bats

double-hinged jaws

snakes have __ __ which enable them to engulf meals many times the size of their head

plastrons

the "squares" of a turtle's shell

plastron

the lower part of a turtle shell that covers the abdomen

smell

the sense that would be reduced if a snake didn't have a Jacobson's organ

milt

the sperm-containing fluid produced by male fish

hemotoxic

venom that attacks the circulatory system

sauropods

herbivores with long necks

tuatara

lizard-like reptile with a parietal eye

anklyosaurs

looked like giant horned lizards with bony eyelid plates and club-like tails

Ichthyosaurus

extinct, reptile-like aquatic animal that looked very much like a dolphin

elapids

Venomous snakes with immovable fangs

tortoise

longest living animal

caecilians

amphibians with long bodies and no limbs

spiracles

breathing opening that sharks and rays have behind their ears

whale shark

largest known fish

spectacle

transparent eye cover of a gecko

operculum

hard immovable gill covering

colubrids

largest group of snakes

komodo dragon

largest living lizard

chromatophores

color-containing cells that give reptiles the ability to change color

anaconda

largest snake in the world

rostrum

a sawfish's long and unusual nose

tadpoles

larvae of frogs and toads

most amphibians spend part of their life on water and part on land

amphibian comes from two Greek words meaning "both life'. What best explains why amphibians were given this name?

carapace

a turtle's upper shell

swim bladder

a gas-filled sac present in the body of many bony fishes, used to maintain and control buoyancy.

pit organ

sensory depression or pit on the side of the head of vipers that allow to detect temperature

a reptile must move to a new environment to change its body temperature

what is a reason reptiles are considered cold-blooded?

anurans

group that frogs and toads belong

denticles

a shark's placoid scales

snapping turtles

common freshwater turtles that live in muddy waters and eat fish, birds, and insects

electrocytes

electric organs that are designed with current generating cells

vipers

venomous snakes with fangs that fold against the roof of the mouth when not in use

lateral undulation

type of movement in which a snake slithers along an S-shaped curve

blind snakes

the world's smallest snakes

The eggs will hatch into tadpoles, which will have external gills; a gill covering will form, and the tail will become longer and stronger; the hind legs will begin to grow, and the tail will begin to shrink. Later the front legs will begin to grow; the digestive system of the tadpole will shrink, and the lungs will develop; once the tail is completely absorbed, the tadpole will be a miniature adult called a froglet.

describe a frogs development from egg to adult

crocodilians

group of reptiles known for providing parental care for their young

crocodile

member of the crocodilian family that has a narrow snout and a tooth that is visible when its jaw is closed

coral snake

North American elapids known for their distinctive color pattern that has red bands bordering yellow bands

antivenin

A serum that counteracts the effect of venom from an animal or insect.

sand tiger shark

only known shark that comes to the surface to gulp air, using its stomach as a swim bladder

Fish scales are hardened by bone while reptile scales are hardened by keratin

what best describes the difference between fish scales and reptile scales

plesiosaurs

dinosaurs of the sea with paddle-shaped feet and legs and long necks

chimaeras

group of cartilaginous fish that have gill covers

constrictors

Snakes that squeeze their prey to death

photophore

a light-producing organ in certain fishes and other animals.

hagfish

cartilaginous fish that has slime glands that help create a slippery coating around it

cartilaginous

chondricthyes and cyclostomata are two classes of this type of fish

dematophagy

process that involves a caecilian growing a new layer of fat in order to feed its young

amnion

protective layer that surrounds the nutrient-filled egg of a reptile

sidewinding

type of snake locomotion occurs when a snake lifts its body off the ground and throws itself sideways. used to move across sandy ground.

theropods

walked on two legs; includes T. rex

regenerate

lizards can regrow their tails if they break off; this means they can __________ their tail

myomeres

the W-shaped bands in which a fish's muscles are arranged

reproduction

the characteristic that scientists base the three main categories of salamanders

lobed fin

type of fin that is made of a bone surrounded by muscle