Organelles

peroxisome

-Organelle in liver cells; contain enzymes (such as catalase) that help detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and hydrogen peroxide;oxidizes various organic compounds -only organelle made up of a single phosphate layer -breaks down hydrogen peroxide into h20 and o2 gas

golgi apparatus

-Packages, modifies, and distributes newly synthesized substances. Activates enzymes. The "Post Office" of the cell.. -assembles complex bio molecules and transports them out of the cell.

nucleolus

-Structure(s) found inside the nucleus that produce ribosomes. -contains RNA for protein maunfacture

lysosome

-This organelle contains digestive enzymes used to "split" substances apart. -This organelle also helps to breakdown decaying and worn-out cell parts. -Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

mitochondra

-double-membrane organelle that plays a central role in the production of ATP,the energy of the cell -Organelle where glucose is broken down to release energy. Potential energy is stored in the form of ATP, a chemical that acts as the cell's "currency". The "powerhouse" of the cell.

vesicle

-sac like things which transport molecules in and out of the cell. -ingests material into the cell

cytoskeleton

-the cytoskeleton helps to maintain cell shape. But the primary importance of the cytoskeleton is in cell motility. -The cytoskeleton is an organized network of three primary protein filaments: microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate fibers.

Three components of the "cell theory"

1. All living things are composed of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of organization (structure and function) in living things. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

free ribosomes

ribosomes in the cytosol as opposed to bound ribosomes which are found on the rough er

ER

Organelle composed of a series of folded membranes. Acts as a transportation network for proteins and enzymes;rough ER embedded with ribosomes;smooth ER makes lipids and breaks down toxins

nucleus

Organelle that acts as the control center for the cell and houses genetic information (DNA).

cytoplasm

colloid inside the cell that contains the cytosol and all its organelles

ribosomes

organelle that serves as the site for protein synthesis

plasma membrane

outer membrane of cell that regulates cellular traffic;contains proteins that is surrounded by a phospholipid bi-layer

centriole

paired cylindrical structures of a centrosome