Organization Behavior Test 2 (Chapter 4,5,6)

What is the second step in the performance appraisal process?

documentation

Latin American countries value family loyalty, so managers tend to hire family members. What other area also scores high in traditional values?

Africa

Which dimension of task-specific self-efficacy refers to beliefs about how confident the person is that the task can be accomplished?

strength

You manage a work group of ten secretaries who take turns answering phones, sorting mail, and typing and filing correspondence. Using the job characteristics theory, how can you assure that this team is happy and productive?

Give them autonomy in deciding how to organize the workload

Which of the following is an organizational consequence of prolonged stress?

People call in sick more often and quit their jobs

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in forming equity perceptions?

Satisfy physiological needs before growth needs

Why does the work teams approach tend to be more effective in countries such as Japan and Sweden?

Their work and rewards are team centered.

When might a company best choose to use an extended work schedule?

There's a high cost of transitioning between employees

Which of the following is a characteristic of individuals who have a high need for achievement, according to the acquired needs framework?

They want immediate, specific feedback on their performance

What is a reason why management by objectives (MBO) efforts can sometimes fail?

Top management's goals aren't represented.

Imagine you just bought a cable installation company that routinely treats its residential customers poorly. You want your company to satisfy customers but it promises a certain connectivity speed that isn't realistic in most homes. It says it will send repair people within a certain time window, but when they get tied up and are running late, no one calls the customers. You hear complaints every time you answer the phone. What approach would be most likely to resolve your cognitive dissonance?

You can purchase and start to use new software for scheduling repairs and calls

Which of the following scenarios is an example of intrapersonal value conflict?

You love spending time with family, but ambition makes you work longer hours to get a raise

What term refers to a general tendency of an individual to experience a particular mood or to react to things in a particular way or with certain emotions?

affectivity

Which stress stage is triggered when we first encounter a stressor?

alarm

Which approach to performance management identifies financial and nonfinancial performance measures and organizes them into a single model?

balanced scorecard

Albert works as a salesperson making $18 an hour plus 5% of every sale he makes. He receives two weeks of paid vacation a year, as well as 50% matching in a 401K retirement fund. In this scenario, $18 an hour represents Albert's

base pay

Which of the following is NOT a condition of job performance?

being able to provide self-direction

What term refers to feeling obliged to stay with an organization for moral or ethical reasons?

commitment

Craig is unhappy with his job, but he's been with Spearhead Associates for seven years and won't be vested in his pension for another three years. What type of commitment does he have to the organization?

continuance commitment

The extent to which goals are challenging, attainable, and require effort is known as goal

difficulty

What term refers to drawing a general impression that the outcomes of promotions, hiring, firing, and raises were fair and equitable?

distributive fairness

What term refers to the degree to which employees have the authority to set their own work goals, make decisions, and solve problems?

empowerment

What type of stress results because of happy events that lead to pleasurable emotions, including satisfaction, excitement, and enjoyment?

eustress

Your employee, Steve, has a habit of telling jokes that are sometimes funny but too often inappropriate for the workplace. If you want Steve to stop telling these jokes, what kind of response would be your best choice?

extinction

Which of the following is an early perspective on motivation that suggested fostering a false sense of employees' inclusion in decision making would boost job performance?

human relations approach

Pensions are an example of

indirect compensation

According to Victor Vroom, the belief that performance will result in obtaining a particular reward is known as

instrumentality

According to equity theory, a person who feels equitably treated is motivated to ________.

keep things as they are

According to the cognitive view, which of the following is NOT a behavior a person would adopt in order to become a conscious, active participant in their own learning?

look at consequences and ignore them if necessary to be happy

What makes job specialization difficult to implement, even though it seems as if it would be highly effective?

monotony associated with each task

Attributing our own characteristics to other people is termed __________.

projection

Which of the following is NOT a method companies use to improve job design?

raising pay for most standardized jobs

Jamal just began a new job. At first, he is highly formal and addresses people as Mr. or Ms. However, his coworkers don't react warmly to this approach. Therefore, Jamal changes to a more informal style based on the consequences of his actions and discovers that people seem friendlier and more relaxed around him. In learning theory, the coworkers' actions would be known as

reinforcement

Juanita, the department manager, realizes that Kevin is missing from work and didn't call in sick. She assumes something beyond Kevin's control must have happened. This belief is an example of _________

selective perception

Which of the following are "growth needs" in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

self-actualization and esteem

According to goal-setting theory, which of the following strategies is NOT likely to result in improved performance?

setting unspecified goals so that workers can establish their own measures

Brett and Lina work in different departments, but both receive 3% raises. Most of Brett's coworkers receive a 5% raise. Most of Lina's coworkers receive a 1% raise. Brett is unhappy with his raise, but Lina is happy with hers. Brett and Lina have different reactions to their raises because their raises have different

symbolic value

What is the central feature of a 360-degree feedback system?

wide-ranging feedback, as well as subjective measures of performance

Herzberg's two-factor theory identifies motivating factors for business organizations. Which of the following is a hygiene factor that management could control so that employees aren't dissatisfied with their jobs?

working conditions