organizational behavior ch 1-5

Which of the following is the best definition of attitude?

-Attitudes indicate how one will react to a given event -Attitudes are the yardstick by which one measures one's actions. -Attitudes are the emotional part of an evaluation of a person, object, or event. -Attitudes are evaluative statements of what one believes about something or someone (Correct answer) -Attitudes are a measure of how the worth of an object, person, or event is evaluated.

Sheila works for a manufacturer of Styrofoam trays for school lunches. Last year her son came home from school and told her that the trays she makes go straight to the landfill where they sit for hundreds of years without ever biodegrading. Although this information bothers Sheila, she does not look for another job because she enjoys her very high salary. Which dissonance moderating factor is illustrated by this example?

-Dissonance is reduced because of the sense of control by the individual -Dissonance is reduced because of the importance to the individual. -There is no dissonance moderating factor in the example. -Dissonance is increased because of the sense of control by the individual -High dissonance is tolerated because of a high reward. (Correct answer)

While conversing at lunch, the employees of Dinkin Douglas Corporation made several statements. Which of the following is an example of an affective attitude?

-Sam: "I believe you did a good job on that project." -Carla: "My observation is that most dogs have four legs." -Deidre: "My opinion is that it is never acceptable to steal." -Lakeesha: "I am angry at being unfairly accused of a wrongdoing." (Correct answer) -Rahim: "I avoid a restaurant where I once received bad service."

Which of the following is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience?

Affect (Correct answer) Emotions Moods Emotional labor Cognition

How can the gaps between what managers think employees feel and what employees really feel be reduced?

Conducting regular surveys (Correct answer) Enforcing administrative policies Improving workplace conditions Providing incentives Training employees

The "Big Five" personality traits include all but which of the following?

Conscientiousness Self-confidence (Correct answer) Extraversion Openness to experience Agreeableness

________ blends concepts from psychology and sociology and focuses on the influence people have on one another.

Corporate Strategy Anthropology Political science Social psychology (Correct answer) Archaeology

Emotional Stability

Correct answer: A person ability to withstand stress

Extraversion

Correct answer: Comfort level with relationships

Outgoing, sociable, assertive

Correct answer: Extraverted

Quiet and Shy

Correct answer: Introverted

Unconscious processes, look at the big picture

Correct answer: Intuitive

Want control, prefer order and structure

Correct answer: Judging

Dimension

Correct answer: Measure of reliability

Flexible and spontaneous

Correct answer: Perceiving

Practical, prefer routine and order, focus on details

Correct answer: Sensing

Use reason and logic

Correct answer: Thinking

Agreeableness

Correct answer: individual's propensity to defer to others

Openness to experience

Correct answer: range of a person's interests and fascination with novelty

________ is the ability to imagine how an object would look if its position in relation to other objects were changed.

Cymographic visualization Deductive reasoning Spatial visualization (Correct answer) Perceptual speed Inductive reasoning

Which of the following is the term used for the strength with which individuals experience emotion?

Emotional dissonance Affect intensity (Correct answer) Emotional labor Positivity offset Emotional intelligence

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotions?

Emotions are caused by specific events (Correct answer) Emotions last longer than moods Moods are more action-oriented in nature than emotions Emotions are generally not indicated by distinct facial expressions Emotions are less intense feelings than moods

________ is the additional set of cultural characteristics which often overlaps with race.

Ethnicity (Correct answer) Civilization Diversity Anthropology Acculturation

________ is a pure marker of high positive affect

Excited (Correct answer) Serene Nervous Relaxed Bored

The head of the marketing department at Omega Beauty Products had the habit of celebrating job promotions by having strippers come into the office to congratulate the promoted, much to the disgust of the four women who worked in the department. Which of the following terms best defines the type of discrimination the women in the department were subject to?

Exclusion Mockery Intimidation Sexual Harassment (Correct answer) Inclusion

Displaying emotions we do not really feel is easy. (T/F)

False

Evidence-based management is based on "gut feelings" about the state of some phenomenon of interest. (T/F)

False

Managers who explain their decisions and seek information from colleagues and employees tend to be less successful because they emphasize negativity. (T/F)

False

Organizational behavior is essentially the study of "technical skills." (T/F)

False

To stereotype is to note a difference between things, which is not necessarily bad. (T/F)

False

____________________are the emotions that the organization requires workers to show and considers appropriate in each job.

Felt emotions Displayed emotions (Correct answer) Conditional emotions Surface emotions Disseminative emotions

By 2024, it is expected that 25 percent of the working population will be ________.

Hispanic Over 55 (Correct answer) Black female Asians

Which of the following statements is true about emotional intelligence (EI)?

IT can be measured easily It is moderately correlated with job performance (Correct answer) It is not related to personality and intelligence It indicates the mathematical aptitude of an individual It is not genetically influenced

When Emma was promoted to the vice president of marketing at Elite Beauty Supply, she found that the company's CEO liked to have weekly informal get-togethers at the local golf club, where over eighteen holes of competitive golf, a lot of business issues were talked about. Emma's dislike of golf or any sport was well-known in the company. However, she was still surprised at not receiving an invitation for the golfing event. Which of the following types of discrimination does Emma's situation best relate to?

Intimidation Exclusion (Correct answer) Sexual harassment Mockery and insults Invalidation

Erin works at a software company, in charge of the help desk. After being yelled at by a customer about the state of her company's software, she becomes angry and has to take a short break to calm down. What makes her anger an emotion, rather than a mood?

It is a simple, unambiguous feeling Her response is prolonged It has a contextual stimulus (Correct answer) Her response is not accompanied by a facial expression IT is cognitive in nature

Karen and Julio are two employees in an organization who recently started working together. Karen is an older, white woman raised in Idaho, who achieved her current level in the organization by starting as a high school graduate and working her way up the hierarchy. Julio, a Hispanic, is a young, recently hired male college graduate with a business degree, raised in a Spanish-speaking neighborhood in Miami. However, both are deeply committed to their families, share a common way of thinking about important work problems, like to work collaboratively, and are interested in international assignments in the future. Which of the following describes the diversity between these two?

Lateral-level diversity Deep-level diversity Surface-level diversity (Correct answer) Individual-level diversity Hierarchical-level diversity

________ is the study of the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations.

Leadership Organizational Strategy Performance management Employee relations Organizational behavior (Correct answer)

The Dark Triad refers to which of the following undesirable traits.

Machiavellianism, narcisssim, psychopathy (Correct answer) Assertive, Loud, Overconfident Shy, quiet, book-smart Depressive, hostile, confrontational Corrupt, Unethical, Dishonest

Hassan is a server at a popular restaurant. He addresses all his customers by their first names. Which of the following dimensions of intellectual ability does this skill accurately refer to?

Memory (Correct answer) Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spatial visualization Perceptual speed

Which of the following is not a core topic of organizational behavior?

Motivation Attitude development Conflict Resource Allocation (Correct answer) Work Design

Which of the following is not a stereotype?

Older workers will tire more quickly than younger workers Women are too emotional to be police officers College professors love to talk All Asians are good at math Physicians are highly trained (Correct answer)

________ essentially means that people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values, and they leave organizations that are not compatible with their personalities.

Person-job fit Dark Triad Work-life balance Big Five Personality Person organization fit (Correct answer)

What are the three primary determinants of behavior in organizations?

Profit structure, organizational complexity, and job satisfaction Individuals, profit structure, and job satisfaction Individuals, groups, and job satisfaction Groups, structure, and profit structure Individuals, groups, and structure (Correct answer)

________ is defined as the biological heritage people use to identify themselves.

Race (Correct answer) Diversity Culture Civilization Ethnography

Which of the following situations would be considered a faith-based employment issue?

Refusing to play in the office softball team Leaving work early every day Wearing a Hijab in the office (Correct answer) Refusing to operate machines Refusing to go for computer training

Which of the following is not an example of a moral emotion?

Sympathy for the suffering of others Anger over coworker's tardiness (Correct answer) Anger about injustice done to others Guilt about own immoral behavior Contempt for those who behave unethically

________ is the sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Talent Skill Knowledge Intelligence Personality (Correct answer)

A large and detailed body of evidence suggests weather has a considerable effect on mood, at least for most people. (T/F)

True

A worker who smiles at a customer even when they do not feel like it is surface acting (T/F)

True

Attitudes are objective statements. (T/F)

True

Emotional intelligence (EI) can be trained and developed as a skill. (T/F)

True

Emotional suppression is an emotion regulation technique. (T/F)

True

Emotions are caused by specific events. (T/F)

True

Happy workers are more likely to be productive workers. (T/F)

True

More employers are starting to use emotional intelligence (EI) measures to hire people. (T/F)

True

The presence of social pressures is a characteristic that changes the nature of the attitudes-behavior relationship. (T/F)

True

________ is/are defined as "the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment."

Values Beliefs Personality (Correct answer) Attitudes Perceptions

________ is the ability to identify a logical sequence in a problem and then solve the problem.

Verbal comprehension Perceptual speed Inductive reasoning (Correct answer) Spatial visualization Deductive reasoning

Gabriela is studying how organizations in different countries develop their culture and how organizational culture is passed on to new hires. She is surveying twenty organizations in each of France, Germany, China, and Mexico. Gabriela's study exemplifies how ________ contributes to OB.

anthropology (Correct answer) psychology archaeology political science corporate strategy

Group behavior, power, and conflict are central areas of study for ________.

archaeologists philanthropists anthropologists social psychologists (Correct answer) operations analysts

The ultimate goal of organizational behavior is to ________.

better understand management improve an organization's effectiveness (Correct answer) balance diversity create boilerplates replace human resources

Productivity requires both efficiency and ________.

citizenship collaboration effectiveness (Correct answer) flexibility rigidity

DeSean's belief that "his pay is low" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of DeSean's attitude.

cognitive (Correct answer) affective reflective behavioral reactive

Bingo Airlines mandates that all its flight attendants are always cheerful during a flight. This is an example of ________.

cognitivie dissonance emotional dissonance emotional labor (Correct answer) organizational citizenship moral ambiguity

The opinion or belief component of a person's attitude is called ________.

complex understanding the cognitive component (Correct answer) the affective component a complex attitude the behavior component

Individuals with high levels of ________ are most likely to have high levels of job satisfaction.

core self-evaluations (Correct answer) mentoring relationships social interactions cognitive resonance career commitment

Rely on personal value and emotions

correct answer: Feelings

The Brookhaven Hospital in Orlando, Florida consists almost completely of male doctors and female nurses. Ming is one of a very small number of female doctors in the hospital. Although she wears the white scrubs that all doctors wear, she is often mistaken for a nurse. This is an example of ________.

discrimination managerialism stereotyping (Correct answer) the "glass ceiling" phenomenon performance assessment

Lakeesha is responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent. Lakeesha probably scores high on ________.

emotional stability openness to experience conscientiousness (Correct answer) extraversion agreeableness

Carlos, the manager of a large investment fund, kept his reaction in check to the 10 percent drop in the day's stock market and was able to develop a number of moves to help his fund. Carlos' emotion regulation technique is called ________.

emotional suppression (Correct answer) cognitive dissonance cognitive reappraisal social sharing emotional contagion

According to a study by Monster (a global employment company), the number one most frequently desired skill in applicants was ________.

ethical technical communication (Correct answer) computer accounting

Although discrimination has come under great legal and public scrutiny over the past years, still thousands of cases of discrimination occur every year. Which action would not be considered a form of discrimination?

exclusion Conflict (Correct answer) Incivility Profiling Stereotyping

Carlos has known Jose since their childhood, twenty-four years ago. When asked to describe Jose, Carlos says that he is nice, fun, and outgoing. Here, Carlos is referring to Jose's ________.

family upbringing cognitive skills personality traits (Correct answer) mental acuity societal roles

In regard to job engagement, having a good manager they enjoy working for and ________ were found to be the top causations.

feeling appreciated by one's supervisor (Correct answer) being paid what they feel they are worth getting timely promotions socializing with one's coworkers having flexible work schedules

Differences in ethnicity is an example of ________.

firm-level diversity organizational-level diversity lateral-level diversity surface-level diversity (Correct answer) deep-level diversity

There is a connection between companies that have ________ and their attention to organizational behavior principles.

high turnover rates specialized technical processes superior financial performance (Correct answer) long-lasting CEO's both high turnover rates and long-lasting CEO's

________ is an individual's current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job.

inductive reasoning Dynamic strength Deductive reasoning Ability (Correct answer) Social intelligence

Basing managerial decisions on the best available scientific support is called ________.

intuition organizational process organizational behavior evidence-based management (Correct answer) conceptual management

Lakeesha needs to assign a very important advertising account to one of her writers. First, she reviewed each writer's workload, then she studied the sales data of the products for the last three campaigns of each writer, then she reviewed each writer's annual review to familiarize herself with their goals. Finally, she gave the account to Paula, a very creative, efficient, writer who has had high sales results with her last three clients' products. Lakeesha's management style is based on ________.

intuition or "gut feeling" organizational behavioral studies subjective assessments preconceived notions systematic study (Correct answer)

Related to job satisfaction, ________ is the degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth.

job satisfaction job involvement (Correct answer) job stability organizational commitment social embeddedness

People who score ________ on emotional stability are more likely to react strongly to ________ events.

low;[positive low; negative (Correct answer) average; positive average; negative high; negative

Job dissatisfaction is more likely to translate into ________ when employees feel or perceive they have many available alternatives. This can happen when employees have high human capital.

neglect engagement tardiness turnover (Correct answer) absenteeism

Evidence suggests people who feel negative emotions, particularly ________ or hostility, are more likely than others to engage in deviant behavior at work.

nervousness tension anger (Correct answer) stress depression

Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence all constitute aspects of ________ study.

organizational intuitive theoretical systematic (Correct answer) case-based

The extensive use of statistical compilation and analysis is called ________.

organizational behavior big data (Correct answer) qualitative management traditional management artificial intelligence

The Danone Corporation embarks on a number of self-regulated actions to benefit society or the environment beyond what is required by law. This refers to The Danone Corporation's commitment to ________.

organizational citizenship shareholder primacy corporate social responsibility (Correct answer) fiduciary responsibility shareholder compact

Contradictions individuals might perceive between their attitudes and their behavior is called ________.

organizational identification cognitive dissonance (Correct answer) psychological empowerment power distance objective ambiguity

Of the following attitudes, the best predictor of turnover is ________.

pay supervision organizational commitment (Correct answer) cognitive dissonance affective dissonance

Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy is termed as

psychological empowerment (Correct answer) organizational commitment perceived organizational support employee engagement job satisfaction

According to the systematic approach, ________is(are) generally predictable

resources behavior (Correct answer) technology outcomes inputs

What effect do stressful events typically have on mood?

short term positive long term positive short term positive but long term negative negative (Correct answer) positive

Which behavioral science discipline is most focused on understanding group behavior?

sociology (Correct answer) Social psychology Psychology Anthropology Organizational psychology

________ is the ability to continue maximum effort requiring prolonged effort over time.

stamina (Correct answer) Static strength Explosive strength Dynamic strength Balance

Research supports the idea that attitudes predict ________.

stereotyping future behavior (Correct answer) diversity handling job raises motivational bases

Differences in a characteristic such as personality form part of ________.

surface-level diversity deep-level diversity (Correct answer) lateral-level diversity organizational-level diversity individual-level diversity

The two major forms of workforce diversity are ________ and ________.

surface-level diversity; deep-level diversity (Correct answer) surface-level diversity; lateral-level diversity organizational-level diversity; individual-level diversity lateral-level diversity; deep-level diversity physical-level diversity; intellectual-level diversity

Of the three senior managers considered for the top job at Endeavor Corporation, Carla perceived herself to be the most experienced and the best qualified candidate for the job. The other two candidates were male. Carla attributes her not getting the job to the phenomenon known as ________.

the glass cliff the glass ceiling (Correct answer) age discrimination cognitive dissonance organizational citizenship

Who are most likely to demonstrate organizational citizenship behaviors?

the highest-paid employees the lowest-paid employees those who are satisfied with their jobs (Correct answer) those whose citizenship behaviors go unnoticed the supervisor

Navar is a manager at a mid-sized consulting firm. Within his role, he is responsible for interacting with both the other departments in his organization and with both vendors and customers of the firm. Which of the four managerial activities is Navar exhibiting?

traditional management Communication Human resource management Networking (Correct answer) Systems

The performance variables absenteeism and reduced effort are generally considered a part of the ________ behavior in the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework.

voice loyalty exit citizenship neglect (Correct answer)